Utaminingtyas, Putri (2018) Eksplorasi Karakteristik Kimiawi Jeruk Pamelo (Citrus maxima): Kajian Jenis Varietas dan Bagian Buah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jeruk merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan yang menjadi perhatian di Indonesia dan banyak digemari oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu jenis jeruk yang diproduksi di Indonesia adalah Jeruk Pamelo (Citrus maxima). Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) yang berada di daerah Batu, Jawa Timur melakukan berbagai jenis persilangan antar varietas dari jeruk Pamelo. Jeruk Pamelo diketahui memiliki berbagai macam kandungan kimia yang bermanfaat, seperti asam askorbat, fenol, tanin, flavonoid dan kumarin. Melihat potensi kandungan dari bulir Jeruk Pamelo maupun kulit buahnya, maka perlu dilakukan eksplorasi terhadap berbagai varietas Jeruk Pamelo yang dikembangkan di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan analisia kimiawi terhadap empat varietas Jeruk Pamelo meliputi, Pamelo Dracula, Pamelo India, Pamelo Raja dan Pamelo Ratu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode nested design dengan dua faktor, yaitu varietas jeruk Pamelo dan bagian buah (kulit dan bulir). Selain itu, metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan untuk varietas jeruk Pamelo Raja. Sedangkan respon yang diukur adalah rasio Total Padatan Terlarut (TPT) : Total Asam Tertitrasi (TAT), kadar air, kadar serat kasat, total asam tertitrasi, kadar asam askorbat, total fenol dan total tanin. Hasil penelitian diolah menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan selang kepercayaan 5%, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Tukey (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jenis varietas dan bagian Jeruk Pamelo memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap kandungan kimiawi Jeruk Pamelo (α=0,05). Pada bagian kulit, kadar air tertinggi ada pada Pamelo Ratu (81,13%), kadar serat kasar tertinggi pada Pamelo India (16,50%), total asam teritinggi pada Pamelo Ratu (0,25%), kadar asam askorbat tertinggi pada Pamelo Raja (20,73 mg/100g), total fenol dan total tanin tertinggi pada Pamelo India 48,73 mg GAE/g dan 68,43 mg/g secara berurutan. Pada bagian bulirnya, kadar air tertinggi ada pada Pamelo India (91,83%), kadar serat kasar tertinggi pada Pamelo India (1,04%), total asam tertinggi pada Pamelo India (0,69%), kadar asam askorbat tertinggi pada Pamelo Raja (59,38 mg/100g), total fenol tertinggi pada Pamelo Dracula (20,22 mg GAE/g) dan total tanin tertinggi pada Pamelo Raja (34,94 mg/g).
English Abstract
Citrus is a prime commodity that Indonesia had put attention to it and is a fruit that consumed by a lot of Indonesian people. Pomelo (Citrus maxima) is one of citrus species that produced and developed in Indonesia. Indonesia’s Citrus and Sub Tropical Fruit Research Center (Balitjestro) located in Batu, East Java, has developed many kinds of Pomelo’s varieties. Pomelo known for its chemical characteristics that beneficial to human’s health, such as ascorbic acid, phenol, tannin, flavonoid and cumarin both in its pulp and peel. Because of its potential, chemical characteristic exploration of different variety of Pomelo is needed. In this study, chemical analysis among four cultivars of Pomelo (Pomelo Dracula, Pomelo India, Pomelo Raja and Pomelo Ratu) was done. This study used Nested Design as the experiment design with two factors, which were Pomelo’s variety (Pomelo Dracula, Pomelo India, and Pomelo Ratu) and fruit parts (pulp and peel). Quantitative descriptive method of analysis also used for Pomelo Raja. Total soluble solid (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), moisture content, crude fiber content, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content (TPC) and total tannin was measured. Statistical analysis used in this study was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with α= 0,05, and Tukey test as the post-hoc test (α= 0,05). The results of this study showed that cultivar and fruit parts gave significance effect to chemical characteristic of Pomelo. The TSS, TA, moisture content, crude fiber content, ascorbic acid, TPC and total tannin content were varying among four cultivars of Pomelo. Based on the peel, the highest moisture content is in Pamelo Ratu (81,13%), highest crude fiber is in Pamelo India (16,50%), highest TA is in Pamelo Ratu (0,25%), highest ascorbic acid is in Pamelo Raja (20,73 mg/100g), highest TPC and total tannin is in Pamelo India 48,73 mg GAE/g and 68,43 mg/g respectively. Based on the pulp, highest moisture content is in Pamelo India (91,83%), highest crude fiber is in Pamelo Dracula (1,04%), highest TA is in Pamelo India (0,69%), highest ascorbic acid is in Pamelo Raja (59,38 mg/100g), highest TPC is in Pamelo Dracula (20,22 mg GAE/g) and highest total tanin is in Pamelo Raja (34,94 mg/g).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2018/636/051900666 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Jeruk Pamelo, Varietas, Bagian Buah, Karakteristik Kimiawi,/Pamelo, Variety, Fruit Parts, Chemical Characteristic |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 634 Orchards, fruits, forestry > 634.3 Citrus and moraceous fruits |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Oct 2019 07:54 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Oct 2019 07:54 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/164848 |
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