Lestari, Yayuk Puji (2018) Potensi Biogas dan Asam Asetat dari Limbah Makanan: Kajian Anaerobic Single dan Co-Digestion dengan Ampas tahu dan Rumput Laut. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salah satu sumber energi terbarukan (biogas) yang tersedia dan berpotensi tinggi di Indonesia adalah limbah makanan. Limbah makanan mengandung konsentrasi bahan organik yang tinggi (karbohidrat, protein dan lemak). Biogas yang dihasilkan akan dikonversi menjadi energi listrik menggunakan teknologi CHP. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik fisik dan kimia limbah makanan, mendapatkan pengaruh rasio bahan baku limbah makanan dan bahan campuran terhadap produksi biogas, konsentrasi asam asetat dan juga mengetahui potensi biogas dan energi listrik yang dihasilkan. Tiga sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu LM sebegai bahan baku utama, ampas tahu (AT) dan rumput laut liar (Gracilariasp) (RL) sebagai bahan campuran. Biochemichal Methane Potential test (BMP test) dilakukan pada kondisi batch dengan suhu 37 oC selama 28 hari. Sampel yang digunakan dalam BMP test meliputi sampel kosong, sampel kontrol positif (α selulosa), sampel LM 100%, sampel LM 50%:AT 50% dan sampel LM 50%:RL 50%. Masing-masing sampel dilakukan 3 kali perulangan. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua bahan (LM, AT, RL) yang digunakan mengandung bahan organik yang tinggi seperti karbohidrat, lemak dan protein sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam proses AD. Sampel yang menghasilkan BMP tertinggi terdapat pada sampel LM 100% sebesar 0,191 m3CH4/kgVS, sampel LM 50%:AT 50% sebesar 0,166 m3CH4/kgVS dan sampel LM 50%:RL 50% sebesar 0,124 m3CH4/kgVS. Hasil residu organik pada seluruh sampel menghasilkan konsentrasi asam asetat yang sangat rendah sekitar 0,09%-0,12%. Estimasi potensi listrik yang dihasilkan yaitu sampel LM 100% menghasilkan energi sebesar 473,8 kWh/ton, sampel LM 50%:AT 50% viii sebesar 307,2 kWh/ton dan sampel LM 50%:RL 50% sebesar 206,6 kWh/ton. Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa limbah makanan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku sumber biogas secara anaerobic baik single maupun co-digestion.
English Abstract
Biomass is one of the alternative resources for renewable energy production, especially food waste (LM). LM is rich in organic matters (i.e. carbohydrate, protein, and lipid), thus can be a potential feedstock for biogas production using anaerobic digestion (AD) technology. Biogas, is then, can be further converted into electricity and heat using a combined heat and power (CHP) unit. This study aimed to identify physical and chemical characteristics of LM , to investigate the influence of LM and co-digestion feedstock ratio on biogas production and acetic acidconcentration,as well as to calculate the biogas potential and the electricity potential. Three biomass samples were used include LM as main feedstock, tofu dregs (AT) and wild seaweed (Gracilaria.sp) (RL) as co-digestion feedstock. Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test was carried under batch condition at 37 oC operated for 28 days. The samples in the BMP test consisted of blank samples, positive control (α cellulose), 100% LM samples, 50% LM:50% AT samples, and 50% LM:50% RL. All tested samples were repeated in triplicate. The study showed that all tested biomass samples (i.e. LM, AT and RL) contains high carbohydrate, lipids, and protein, indicating their suitability to be used as feedstock in AD process. BMP test results demonstrating that the highest methane potential was generated from 100% LM samples at values of 0.191 m3CH4/kgVS, followed by 50% LM:50% AT samples (0.166 m3CH4/kgVS) and 50% LM:50% RL (0.124m3CH4/kgVS), respectively. The concentration of acetic acid in the digestate after BMP test was very low (0.09% - 0.12%.). It was estimated that the electricity potential from 100% FW samples is 473.8 kWh/ton, from 50% LM:50% AT samples is 307.2kWh/ton, and 50% FW:50% RL is 206.6 kWh/ton. The findings confirmed that x LM can produce biogas either in anaerobic single- or as codigestion process.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2018/441/051809951 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Anaerobic digestion; Asam asetat; BMP test; Energi listrik; Limbah ampas tahu; Limbah makanan; Limbah Gracilaria sp., / Anaerobic digestion; Acetic acid; BMP test, Electrical potential; Tofu dregs; Food waste; Gracilaria.sp. |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 665 Technology of industrial oils, fats, waxes, gases > 665.7 Natural gas and manufactured gases > 665.77 Production of manufactured gases |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 20 May 2019 01:50 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Mar 2022 04:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/164118 |
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