Fuady, Arif (2018) Inventarisasi Parasitoid Dan Predator Telur Nilaparvata Lugens Stal. (Homoptera: Delphacidae) Di Desa Tejoasri Kecamatan Laren Kabupaten Lamongan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Wereng batang cokelat merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman padi di Desa Tejoasri Kecamatan Laren Kabupaten Lamongan. Para petani umumnya menggunakan insektisida sintetik yang berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan petani dan lingkungan. Salah satu pendekatan pengendalian hama yang saat ini banyak diterapkan oleh beberapa negara yaitu Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) dengan memanfaatkan peran musuh alami. Beberapa musuh alami yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menekan populasi hama adalah parasitoid dan predator telur. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies parasitoid dan predator telur wereng batang cokelat yang terdapat pada lahan pertanian padi di Desa Tejoasri. Penelitian dilakukan di Tiga petak lahan milik petani yang menerapkan sistem tanam PHT di Desa Tejoasri Kecamatan Laren Kabupaten Lamongan dan di Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2015. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan tanaman perangkap untuk memperoleh parasitoid, serta menggunakan jaring ayun (sweep net) dan farmcop untuk menangkap wereng batang cokelat, parasitoid dan predator. Tanaman perangkap menggunakan tanaman padi yang telah diinfestasikan telur wereng batang cokelat yang kemudian diletakkan di lahan penelitian. Wereng batang cokelat diperoleh dari dari hasil rearing oleh Laboratorium Entomologi, Fakultas pertanian, Universitas Gajah Mada. Peletakkan tanaman perangkap di lahan, dilakukan semenjak tanaman berumur 15 hari setelah tanam (HST), kemudian dilakukan kembali dengan selang waktu 10 hari hingga 10 hari sebelum panen. Tanaman perangkap diletakkan di lahan selama tiga hari, kemudian diambil kembali untuk diamati parasitoid yang terdapat pada tanaman perangkap. Penangkapan menggunakan sweep net dan farmcop dilakukan setiap tiga hari setelah peletakkan tanaman perangkap di lahan. Wereng batang cokelat, predator dan parasitoid yang diperoleh kemudian diamati menggunakan mikroskop dan diidentifikasi, serta dihitung populasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pertanaman padi musuh alami yang ditemukan adalah predator telur Cyrthorinus lividipennis. Sedangkan untuk musuh alami parasitoid telur wereng batang cokelat tidak ditemukan di lahan pertanaman padi yang diamati. Faktor yang dapat menyebabkan tidak teramatinya parasiroid telur, yaitu ketelitian saat pengamatan karena ukuran parasitoid telur yang sangat kecil. Populasi C. lividipennis dan wereng batang cokelat telah ditemukan semenjak pengamatan pertama pada umur tanaman 15 HST dan terus meningkat hingga pengamatan ketiga pada umur tanaman 35 HST. Kemudian populasinya menurun pada pengamatan keempat pada umur tanaman 45 HST hingga akhir pengamatan pada umur tanaman 75 HST. Rerata populasi predator telur terbanyak pada pengamatan ketiga, dengan umur tanaman 35 HST sebanyak 6,2 ekor/tiga rumpun padi. Rerata populasi wereng batang cokelat jugaiii meningkat pada pengamatan ketiga, dengan umur tanaman 35 HST dengan rerata populasi 44,1 ekor/tiga rumpun padi
English Abstract
Brown planthopper is one of the important pests in rice plants at Tejoasri Village, Laren District, Lamongan Regency. The farmers generally use synthetic insecticides that have a negative impact on the health of farmers and the environment.. The use of insecticides had been reduced, the pest population however it had a negative impact on the health of farmers and the environment. One of pest control approach that was currently widely applied was Integrated Pest Management (IPM) by utilizing the role of natural enemies. Some natural enemies that can be used to suppress rice pest populations were parasitoids and egg predators. The research aimed to know the species of parasitoids and predators at the eggs of brown planthopper at rice farm in the village of Tejoasri. The study was conducted in three plots of land owned by farmers who applied the IPM planting system in Tejoasri Village, Laren Subdistrict, Lamongan Regency, and at the Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The study was conducted from May to August 2015. The Research was carried out by using trap plants to obtain parasitoid, and using a sweep net and farmcop to catch brown planthopper, parasitoids and predators. Rice plant was used as traps which has been invested with brown planthopper eggs placed in the research field. Brown planthopper was obtained from the results of mass rearing by the Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Gajah Mada University. The placement of trap plants on the field was carried at 15 days after planting (DAP), trapping was done at each 10 days interval until 10 days before harvest. Trap plants were placed on the land for three days, then taken to observe the parasitoid found in the trap plant. Sweeping and farmcop was carried out every three days after laying traps on the field. Brown planthopper, predators and parasitoids that were caught then observed using a microscope and identified, and the population was calculated. The results showed that the natural enemy rice plant found was egg predator of Cyrthorinus lividipennis. Whereas the natural enemies of parasitoid brown stem planthopper eggs were not found in the rice fields observed. Factors that can cause the egg parasitoid not to be observed were: precision when observed because the size of the egg parasitoid is very small. C. lividipennis and brown planthopper populations have been found since the first observation at 15 HST and increase until the third observation at 35 HST. Then the population decreased at the fourth observation at 45 DAP until the end of observation at 75 DAP. The average brown plant hopper population also increased in the third observation 35 DAP with an average population of 44.1 / hills.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/852/051811382 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pengendalian Hama, Musuh Alami, Parasitoid, Predator, Nilaparvata Lugens Stal, Homoptera |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.9 General topics of pest and disease control |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Apr 2019 02:43 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 00:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/161862 |
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