Wahyuningsih, Puput (2018) Pengaruh Macam Bakteri Endemik Tanah Salin Pada Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum Annum L.) Pada Kondisi Salin. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pada musim kemarau lahan salin diberokan karena kadar salinitas tanah semakin meningkat. Diperlukan pengupayaan bioteknologi dengan penggunaan macam bakteri endemik lahan salin sehingga tanah salin dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan kegiatan pertanian. Tanah dapat dikatakan salin apabila daya hantar listrik dari ekstrak tanah jenuh air lebih dari 4 dS m-1. Total luas lahan salin 0,44 juta ha (Alihamsyah, 2003). Cabai (Capsicum annum L.) ialah salah satu tanaman yang agak peka terhadap salinitas. Cabai merah dipilih karena memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi dan banyak di butuhkan masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari macam bakteri endemik lahan salin pada cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) pada tanah salin. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini ialah Pemberian tunggal dan konsorsium bakteri endemik lahan salin berpengaruh baik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) pada kondisi salin. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Universitas Brawijaya, di desa Jatikerto, Kecamatan Kromengan, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan September 2017-Januari 2018. Metode yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 8 kombinasi perlakuan yang masing masing diulang 4 kali. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 9 polibag. Total keseluruhan polibag terdapat 288. Perlakuan yang digunakan ialah macam bakteri pada lahan salin. Adapun macam perlakuannya ialah P0: tanah salin (EC ±4) + tanpa bakteri, P1: tanah salin + bakteri SN 13, P2: tanah salin + bakteri SN 22, P3: tanah salin + bakteri SN 23, P4: tanah salin + bakteri (SN 13+SN 22), P5: tanah salin + bakteri (SN 13+SN 23), P6: tanah salin + bakteri (SN 22+ SN 23), P7: tanah salin + bakteri (SN 13+SN 22+ SN 23). Pengamatan yang dilakukan ialah pengamatan pertumbuhan dan hasil. Pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan secara non destruktif dilakukan pada saat tanaman berumur 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 minggu setelah transplanting dan pengamatan hasil dilakukan secara destruktif pada 4 dan 10 minggu setelah transplanting. Adapun parameter yang akan diamati dalam penelitian ini ialah Parameter non destruktif meliputi tinggi tanaman per tanaman, jumlah daun per tanaman, jumlah klorofil. Parameter pengamatan destruktif meliputi: luas daun per tanaman, berat kering tanaman pada fase vegetatif dan generatif per tanaman, pengukuran kadar prolin, pengukuran kadar capsaicin, dan analisis kandungan N, P, K, dan Na. Parameter panen meliputi saat bunga pertama muncul, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, fruit set, bobot buah saat panen per tanaman, ukuran panjang buah, dan diameter buah cabai. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada tingkat kesalahan 5% dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ pada tingkat kesalahan 5%. Aplikasi bakteri endemik salin mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman pada parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot akar, beratii kering brangkasan dan total. Pemberian bakteri endemik salin meningkatkan serapan unsur hara N 8,79%, P 7,59%, dan K 7,06% jika di bandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol pada bagian brangkasan. Pemberian bakteri endemik salin meningkatklan serapan unsur hara N total 7,25%, P 7,34%, dan K 6,07% pada berat kering akar. Pemberian isolat bakteri endemik salin meningkatkan jumlah bunga 12,77% dan pada jumlah buah 11, 94% jika di bandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Pemberian bakteri endemik salin meningkatkan panjang buah 8,48% dan pada diameter buah akibat pemberian bakteri endemik salin mampu meningkat 6,66% jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Pada bobot cabai merah aplikasi bakteri mampu meningkatkan 15,93% jika di bandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa penggunaan bakteri endemik salin. Aplikasi bakteri endemik salin SN 22 memiliki bobot buah terbesar sebesar 106,70 gram per tanaman.
English Abstract
In the dry season saline field is given due to the increasing salinity of the soil. Biotechnology is required with the use of endemic saline bacteria, saline soils can be used for agricultural purposes. Saline soil are those which have an electrical conductivity of the saturated soil extract of more than 4 dS m-1. The total saline area of 0,44 million ha (Alihamsyah, 2003). Chili (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the plants that is rather sensitive to salinity. Chili was chosen because it has high economic value and much needed by the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of endemic species of saline farm on chili (Capsicum annum L.) on saline soil. The hypothesis of this research is aplication single and consortium endemic saline bacteria of saline soil have good effect on growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annum L.) in saline condition. The research was conducted in experimental garden of Universitas Brawijaya, in Jatikerto village, Kromengan District, Malang Regency. The study was conducted from September 2017 until January 2018.The method to be used in this research is Randomized Block Design with 8 treatment combinations each repeated 4 times. Each treatment consists of 9 polybags. The total polybag is 288. The treatment used is the type of bacteria in the saline soil. Treatment use in the research is P0: saline soil (EC ±4) + no bacteria, P1: saline soil + SN 13 bacteria, P2: saline soil + SN 22 bacteria, P3: saline soil + SN 23 bacteria, P4: saline soil + (SN 13 + SN 22) bacteria, P5: saline soil + (SN 13 + SN 23) bacteria, P6: saline soil + (SN 22 + SN 23) bacteria, P7: saline soil + (SN 13 + SN 22 + SN 23) bacteria. The observation of growth is done by non destructive method and observation of the result is done destructive and at the time the crops is harvested. Non destructive observation was performed when plants were 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after transplanting and destructive at 4 and 10 weeks after transplanting. The parameters to be observed in this study are non destructive parameters include plant height per plant, number of leaves per plant, number of chlorophyll. The destructive observation parameters included: leaf area per plant, plant dry weight in the vegetative and generative phases per plant, proline, capsaicin , and analysis of N, P, K, and Na. The harvest parameters include the first flower, the number of flowers, the number of fruit, fruit set, the weight of the fruit at harvest per plant, the length of the fruit, and the diameter of the chili. The data analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) at 5% level to determine the response of plants to the effect of treatment. If the data significant will be followed by honesty significant different) at 5% level. Application endemic saline bacteria can increase growth of plant: height parameters, number of leaf, leaf area, dry weight of root, weight of shoot, and total dry weight. At shoot, endemic saline bacteria treatment produce higher nutrient uptake N 8,79%, P 7,59%, and K 7,06% than control treatment. At the root, endemic saline bacteria treatment produce higher nutrient uptake N 7,25%, P 7,34%, and K 6.07% . Endemic saline bacteria treatment product higher number of flowers 12.77% thant control treatment. Endemic saline bacteria treatment higheriv number of fruit 11, 94% than control treatment. Length of fruit endemic saline bacteria treatment higher 8.48% than higher control treatment. Diameters of fruit endemic saline bacteria treatment higher 6,56% than control treatment. Weight of chill endemic salin bacteria treatment higher 15.93% than control treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/318/051804919 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Tanaman Cabai Merah |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.8 Other crops grown for industrial processing > 633.84 Hot spices |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Mar 2019 02:02 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 13:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/161645 |
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