Putri, Anggi Eka (2018) Keanekaragaman Dan Kerapatan Cacing Tanah Sebagai Indikator Kesehatan Tanah Di Agroforestri (Studi Kasus: Khdtk-Ub Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Agroforestri atau Wanatani merupakan sistem pertanian berbasis pepohonan yang berpotensi besar untuk megendalikan perubahan iklim. Hutan dengan tujuan khusus (KHDTK-UB) terletak di lereng bawah Gunung Ajuno, yang sebagian besar ditanami pohon penghasil timber dikombinasikan dengan tanaman kopi atau dengan tanaman semusim. Secara teknis pola tanam di KHDTK-UB forest mengikuti pola Agroforestri sederhana. Keanekaragaman vegetasi yang ditanam, diduga akan mampu mempertahankan keanekaragaman dan kerapatan populasi cacing yang bermanfaat dalam daur ulang hara dan penggemburan tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus hingga Desember 2017, pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukan di Kawasan UB Forest yang secara administratif terletak di Desa Tawangargo, Donowarih, dan Desa Ngenep Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Penentuan plot dilakukan berdasarkan umur tanaman (pinus dan mahoni) ±30 tahun. Ada 4 sistem penggunaan lahan (SPL), yaitu: (a) AF-pinus+kopi; (b) AF-pinus+semusim; (c) AFMahoni+kopi; (d) AF Mahoni+semusim) dan (e) 1 plot dengan jenis tanaman semusim sebagai kontrol. Pengukuran dilakukan 3x ulangan, sehingga total plot pengamatan yaitu 15. Luas lahan yang digunakan 20x20 m2. Pegambilan contoh cacing tanah di lakukan pada sub plot 40 x 5 m2 dengan menggunakan metode TSBF Monolith. Pengambilan contoh tanah dibagi menjadi tanah terganggu dan tidak terganggu pada kedalaman (1) 0-10 cm, (2) 10-20 cm, dan (3) 20-30 cm, pada tiap penggunaan lahan. Selanjutnya contoh tanah komposit dianalisis sifat kimia seperti C-organik, N-Total, dan pH. Pengambilan contoh tanah tidak terganggu (utuh) di lakukan pada plot pewakil dengan menggunakan blok besi ukuran 20x20x10 cm. Contoh tanah utuh di gunakan untuk analisis sifat fisika seperti tekstur, berat isi, dan berat jenis tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada semua SPL memiliki rerata populasi cacing tanah sebesar 34 individu/m2 dan biomassa cacing tanah sebesar 19,8 g/m2. Di lokasi penelitian terdapat 5 jenis cacing tanah yang ditemukan yaitu Metaphire sp, Amynthas sp, Pheretima sp, Pheretima sp (2) dan Pontoscolex corethrurus. Tingkat keanekaragaman dan kekayaan cacing tanah pada lokasi penelitian tergolong rendah (Indeks H’=0,6) dan (Indeks R=0,56), namun demikian tingkat kemerataan cacing tanah tergolong tinggi (Indeks E=0,67). Keanekaragaman dan kerapatan cacing tanah di pengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor sepertiLBD, biomassa seresah, kadar C-organik dan jenis tanah. Peningkatan makropori total di lokasi penelitian ini berhubungan positif biomassa cacing tanah. Namun demikian, pemahaman akan hubungan peningkatan pori total tanah dengan faktor lingkungan lainnya masih perlu dipelajari lebih lanjut.i
English Abstract
Agroforestry is a tree based agricultural landuse system which potentially contribute to adapt and mitigate toclimate change. Education forest (KHDTK-UB) is located in the hillslopes ofArjuno Mountain, which is majority planted by timbercombine with coffee or annual crops in simple agroforestry system. The diversity of the system was expected tomaintain the diversity and density of earthworm that benefits in nutrient recycling and prevent soil compaction. The research was carried out in August to December 2017. Soil sample were collected in the area of UB Forest which is administratively located in Tawangargo village, Donowarih, as well as Ngenep village, Sub-district of Karangploso, Malang District. Plots were selected based on age of tree (pine and mahogany) approximately 30 years. There are four (4) land use systems (LUS) selected, namely: (a) AF-pine+coffee; (b) AF-pine+crops; (c) AF-Mahogany+coffee; (d) AF Mahogany+crops and (e) crops asplot control. The total of plot observation were 15 plots. The sample of earthworm were collected in subplot size of 40 x 5 m2 using TSBF Monolith method. Soil sample were collected in two ways, disturbed and undisturbed soil sample in three different depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm every land use systems. Composite soil sample were analyzed in each depth for its chemical properties such as C-organic, total N, and pH. Undisturbed soil sampling were collected using iron block with size of 20 x 20 x10 cm and analyzed for several physical properties such as texture, bulk density, and particle density. The results showed that there was no significant difference of earthworm population among land use systems. The average of earthworm population and biomass were 34 individu/m2 and 19,8 g/individu respectively. We found five (5)species of earthworms namely Metaphire sp, Amynthas sp, Pheretima sp, Pheretima sp (2) dan Pontoscolex corethrurus.The level of diversity and richness index classified as low level (H index=0.6) and R index = 0,56, whereas the level of evenness index classified as high (E index=0.67). The diversity and density of earthworms were influenced by several factors such as basal area, litter, C-organic content, and soil type. The increase oftotal macropore was positively associated to earthworm biomass. However, the relationship of total macropore with other environmental factors need to be studied further.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/354/051805721 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kesehatan Tanah Di Agroforestri |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.42 Soil fertility, acidity, alkalinity |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Mar 2019 03:01 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 15:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/161551 |
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