Ramadhan, Rizky Dwi (2018) Pengaruh Aplikasi Dolomit Dan Pupuk Anorganik Terhadap Produktivitas Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.) Di Tanah Dengan Ph Agak Masam. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Mayoritas 60% jagung ditanam di lahan kering yang memiliki produktivitas rendah yang sebagian besar disebabkan kemasaman tanah. Tanah masam merupakan salah satu faktor kuat penyebab terjadinya ketidak seimbangan unsur hara yang terjadi akibat Aluminium (Al) dan Mangan (Mn) yang dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi ion asam (H+) memiliki efek toksik bagi tanaman serta kekurangan P, Ca, Mg, dan Mo. Pengapuran dapat mengurangi kemasaman tanah dengan menangkal efek dari kelebihan H+ dan ion Al3+ sehingga menurunkan konsentrasi dan mengurangi efek toksisitas elemen mikro serta meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara tanaman seperti Ca, P, Mo, dan Mg di tanah dan mengurangi kelarutan dan pencucian logam berat. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, maka dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi dolomit dengan pupuk Urea dan NPK terhadap (1) sifat kimia tanah di tanah dengan pH agak masam, dan (2) pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman jagung yang ditanam di tanah dengan pH agak masam. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di Desa Jeding Kecamatan Junrejo Kota Batu pada bulan November 2016 hingga Maret 2017. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari A (Kontrol), B (pupuk 100%), C (100 % dolomit), D (pupuk + 50% dolomit), E (pupuk + 100% dolomit), F (pupuk + 150% dolomit), dan G (pupuk + 200% dolomit). Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi variabel sifat kimia tanah (pH, H2O, pH KCl, C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, K-dd, Na-dd, Cadd, Mg-dd, dan KTK tanah), variabel pertumbuhan tanaman (Tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun yang diamati pada 40, 60, 80 HST, diameter batang, dan berat biomassa tanaman akar, batang, dan daun jagung), dan variabel produksi jagung (Panjang dan diameter tongkol, berat 100 biji, berat gelondongan tongkol, dan produktivitas jagung). Hasil penelitian diuji menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf 5%. Aplikasi dolomit dan pupuk anorganik dapat meningkatkan pH KCl sebesar 19,3% dan Ca-dd 23,8% pada dosis dolomit 2 ton ha-1 + Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1, serta dapat meningkatkan kadar Mg-dd sebesar 615% pada dosis dolomit 1 ton ha-1 + Urea 0 kg ha-1 + NPK 0 kg ha-1 dibanding dengan perlakuan tanpa penggunaan dolomit (Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1), Aplikasi dolomit 0,5 ton ha-1 + Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1 dapat meningkatkan produktivitas jagung dengan hasil hasil panen 10129 kg ha-1 yang mengalami peningkatan sebesar 65,9% dibanding perlakuan tanpa penggunaan dolomit (Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1)
English Abstract
The majority of 60% of maize is grown on dry land that has low productivity which is largely due to soil acidity. Soil acidity is one of the strongest factors causing nutrient imbalances that occur due to acid (H+) can excessively to release aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) from soil minerals that have toxic effects for plants as well as decrease of P, Ca, Mg, and Mo. Liming with dolomite can reduce soil acidity by reducing the effects of H+ and Al3+ ions thereby decreasing the concentration and reducing the toxicity effects of micro elements as well as increasing the availability of plant nutrients such as Ca, P, Mo and Mg in the soil and reducing the solubility of heavy metals. Based on the above description, a research aimed to determine the effect of dolomite combination application with Urea and NPK fertilizer on (1) soil chemical properties in soil with slightly acid pH, and (2) growth and productivity of maize planted on the soil with slightly acid pH. The research was carried out in Jeding Village, Junrejo Sub-District, Batu City in November 2016 until March 2017. The research method used Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 7 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consist of A (Control), B (100% fertilizer), C (100% dolomite), D (fertilizer + 50% dolomite), E (fertilizer + 100% dolomite), F (fertilizer + 150% dolomite), and G (fertilizer + 200% dolomite). Variables of the observation include soil chemical properties variables (pH, H2O, pH KCl, C-organic, N-total, P-available, K-dd, Nadd, Ca-dd, Mg-dd and soil CEC) (plant height and number of leaves observed at 40, 60, 80 DAP, stem diameter, and biomass weight of roots, stems and maize), and maize production variables (length and diameter of cob, weight 100 seeds, weight of cob, and maize productivity). The results were tested using ANOVA and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) test with 5%. Applications of dolomite and inorganic fertilizers can increase the pH KCl by 19.3% and Ca-dd 23.8% at dolomite doses of 2 tons ha-1 + Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1, and can increase Mg -dd at 615% at dolomite doses of 1 ton ha-1 + Urea 0 kg ha-1 + NPK 0 kg ha-1 compared with treatment without dolomite use (Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1), Application dolomite 0,5 ton ha-1 + Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1 can increase corn productivity with yield of 10129 kg ha-1 which increased by 65,9% compared to treatment without dolomite use (Urea 350 kg ha-1 + NPK 450 kg ha-1).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/358/051807602 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Dolomit, Pupuk Urea, NPK, Sifat Kimia Tanah, Pertumbuhan, Tanaman Jagung |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.8 Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Dec 2018 01:46 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jan 2022 03:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/161455 |
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