Mukti, Minahanggari (2014) Daya Tarik Tumbuhan Liar Terhadap Komunitas Arthropoda Di Sekitar Lahan Pertanian Krisan Potong dan Sosialisasinya Kepada Petani. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas tumbuhan liar dan Arthropoda di sekitar lahan pertanian krisan potong, kemampuan tumbuhan liar untuk menarik Arthropoda serta persepsi petani mengenai manajemen habitat di sekitar lahan krisan potong. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2012 – Juli 2013 di lahan pertanian krisan potong greenhouse dan non-greenhouse di Kecamatan Bumiaji Kota Batu. Analisis data dilakukan di Laboratorium Ekologi dan Biodiversitas Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Brawijaya. Pengambilan data tumbuhan liar menggunakan petak contoh berukuran 1x1 m2. Sedangkan pengambilan data Arthropoda menggunakan metode pengamatan langsung dengan empat variasi waktu yaitu pukul 07.00-08.15, 09.00-10.15, 12.00-13.15 dan 14.00-15.15. Data tumbuhan liar dianalisis untuk menentukan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP). Perbandingan struktur komunitas Arthropoda ditentukan menggunakan Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner, untuk membandingkan komposisi Arthropoda di greenhouse dan non-greenhouse digunakan Indeks Kesamaan Bray-Curtis. Kelimpahan Arthropoda di kedua lahan dibandingkan dengan menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis dan Mann Whitney. Persepsi petani mengenai manajemen habitat diukur menggunakan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada lima petani responden pada saat sebelum dan sesudah sosialisasi. Skor dari kuesioner tersebut kemudian digambarkan dalam bentuk diagram. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan total 6271 individu. sepuluh jenis ditemukan di lahan greenhouse dengan jumlah individu 5611. Rhinachanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz merupakan tumbuhan liar dengan INP tertinggi yaitu sebesar 146,87%. Sedangkan di lahan non-greenhouse ditemukan 15 jenis dengan jumlah individu sebanyak 1110. Sonchus arvensis L. Vahl. merupakan tumbuhan liar dengan INP tertinggi yaitu 103,90%. Hasil penelitian kemampuan tumbuhan uji dalam menarik Arthropoda menunjukkan, pada tanaman uji Sonchus arvensis L. Vahl., Arthropoda dengan INP tertinggi yaitu Formicidae dengan nilai sebesar 47,43% pada lahan greenhouse dan 65,31% pada lahan non-greenhouse. Pada tanaman Drymaria cordata Wild. mempunyai INP tertinggi pada lahan greenhouse, Formicidae sebesar 52,96% sedangkan pada lahan non-greenhouse yaitu Aleyrodidae sebesar 104,03%. Pada tanaman Rhinachanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz, famili Aleyrodidae memiliki INP tertinggi pada kedua lahan, yakni pada lahan greenhouse dan non-greenhouse berturut-turut sebesar 82,83% dan 112,45%. Pada tanaman Oxalis corniculata L. INP famili Aleyrodidae pada lahan greenhouse sebesar 50,67% sedangkan pada lahan non-greenhouse sebesar 114,55%. Sonchus arvensis L. Vahl. memiliki keanekaragaman Arthropoda tertinggi baik pada lahan greenhouse maupun non-greenhouse dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H`) secara berurutan 1,871 dan 1,516. Lahan greenhouse secara keseluruhan memiliki nilai keanekaragaman yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan lahan non-greenhouse. Berdasarkan Indeks Kesamaan Bray- Curtis, kedua lahan cenderung memiliki kesamaan komunitas Arthropoda dengan nilai 0,5928. Secara keseluruhan tumbuhan liar uji pada lahan greenhouse mampu menari 62% Arthropoda hama, 27% Arthropoda musuh alami dan 11% Arthropoda lainnya. Sedangkan pada lahan non-greenhouse mampu menarik 80% Arthropoda hama, 17% Arthropoda musuh alami dan 3% Arthropoda lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil uji Kruskall Wallis dan Mann Whitney, perlakuan GH dan NGH tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah arthropoda yang datang. Hasil penelitian persepsi petani mengenai manajemen habitat di lahan pertanian krisan potong menunjukkan cenderung tidak terdapat perbedaan persepsi petani responden sebelum dan sesudah sosialisasi. Dari hasil pengkategorian 60% petani responden termasuk dalam kategori sedang dan 40% petani responden termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Setelah mengetahui informasi mengenai manajemen habitat, persepsi seluruh petani responden yakni 100% masuk dalam kategori tinggi.
English Abstract
aims of this study is to analyze structure of wild plants and arthropods communities around chrysan mum agriculture , in ability of wild plants to attract arthropods as well as farmers perceptions of habitat management in surrounding chrysan mum agriculture. experiment was conducted in November 2012 - July 2013 on chrysan mum agriculture with greenhouse and non - greenhouse in Bumiaji, Batu City. data were analyzed in Laboratory of Ecology and Biodiversity, Biology Department, Brawijaya University. Observation of wild plant data is using plots sample in 1x1 m2. While data collection of Arthropods using direct observation in four-times observation: 7:00 to 8:15, 9:00 to 10:15, 12:00 to 13:15 and 14:00 to 3:15 p.m. data were analyzed to determine wild plant Importance Value Index (IVI). comparison of Arthropod community structure was determined using Shannon Diversity Index - Wieners, to compare composition of arthropods in greenhouse and non - greenhouse used Bray - Curtis similarity index. Arthropod abundance in both fields was compared using Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney test. Farmers perceptions of habitat management are measured using a questionnaire given to respondents during five farmers before and after socialization. result of study has been found that a total number of Arthropods are 6271 individuals. 10 taxa were found in greenhouse with a number of individuals 5611 .Rhinachanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz is a wild plant with highest IVI of 146.87%. While in non - greenhouse has been found 15 taxa with total number of Arthropods are 1110 individuals. Sonchus arvensis L. Vahl. is a wild plant with highest IVI with value 103.90%. A result of ability of wild plants to attract arthropods suggests, in test plant Sonchus arvensis L. Vahl. Arthropods with highest IVI is Formicidae with a value of 47.43% to 65.31% respectively in greenhouse and non-greenhouse . In Drymaria cordata Wild. highest IVI in greenhouse is Formicidae with value 52.96%, while on non-greenhouse is Aleyrodidae with value 104.03%. In Rhinachanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz, Aleyrodidae has highest IVI on greenhouse and non- reenhouse, respectively 82.83% and 112.45%. Oxalis corniculata L., IVI of Aleyrodidae on greenhouse is 50.67% while in non - greenhouse is 114.55%. Sonchus arvensis L. Vahl. has highest arthropods diversity not only in greenhouse but also in nongreenhouse with a diversity index (H) respectively 1,871 and 1,516. Overall greenhouse has a higher value of diversity compared to non-greenhouse. Based on Bray- urtis similarity index, both lands tend to have similar Arthropods with value 0.5928. Overall test of wild plants, in greenhouse wild plants attract pest 62%, 27% natural enemies and 11% o r arthropods. While on non-greenhouse is able to attract 80% pests, 17% natural enemies and 3% o r arthropods. Based on Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney test, re is no difference between greenhouse and non greenhouse on Arthropod abundance. results of study farmers perceptions of habitat management shows re is no difference of perception of farmers before and after socialization. From results of categorization of respondents 60% included in medium category and 40% of respondents included in high category. After knowing information about habitat management, whole perception of respondents 100% of farmers include in high category.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/635.93399/MUK/d/041401564 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.9 Flowers and ornamental plants |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Biologi, Fakultas MIPA |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Jun 2014 09:42 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Jun 2014 09:42 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/158968 |
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