Sustiyana (2013) Analisis Supply Chain dan Efisiensi Pemasaran Gula Siwalan (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Dungkek, Kabupaten Sumenep). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Gula siwalan, kelapa, maupun aren berpotensi menjadi salah satu produk substitusi gula pasir sehingga dapat menekan ketergantungan pada impor gula walaupun mempunyai karakteristik maupun cita rasa yang berbeda. Dengan berkembangnya kebutuhan konsumen saat ini, pemanfaatan gula tersebut semakin meluas bahkan sangat prospektif sebagai komoditas ekspor. Berbagai macam produk siwalan dapat memberi peluang usaha sehingga pengembangan dan pemanfaatannya secara langsung dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Belum diketahuinya kondisi rantai pasok gula siwalan di Kabupaten Sumenep. (2) Belum diketahuinya kinerja rantai pasok gula siwalan di Kabupaten Sumenep jika ditinjau dari Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR). (3) Belum diketahuinya tingkat efisiensi pada rantai pasok gula siwalan di Kabupaten Sumenep. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) Menganalisis kondisi rantai pasokan gula siwalan di Kabupaten Sumenep, 2) Menganalisis kinerja rantai pasok gula siwalan di Kabupaten Sumenep dengan pendekatan Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR), danan 3) Menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran pada rantai pasok gula siwalan di Kabupaten Sumenep. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive di Kecamatan Dungkek, Kabupaten Sumenep berdasarkan pertimbangan bahwa kecamatan tersebut merupakan daerah sentra penghasil gula siwalan yang memiliki luas wilayah tanam siwalan terbesar di Kabupaten Sumenep. Penentuan sampel petani yang dijadikan responden menggunakan metode multiple stage sampling dan rumus slovin sehingga didapat jumlah responden petani sebanyak 16 orang. Sedangkan untuk responden lembaga pemasaran menggunakan metode snowball sampling hingga didapat total responden sebanyak 40 orang. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif pada kondisi rantai pasok gula siwalan dengan pendekatan 3 aliran dalam rantai pasok yaitu aliran barang, aliran informasi, dan aliran uang dengan ditambah evaluasi menurut pendapat responden yang merupakan pihak yang berperan dalan rantai pasok gula siwalan tersebut. Untuk menjawab tujuan ketiga dalam penelitian, maka digunakan pendekatan supply chain operations reference (SCOR) pada metode analytic hierarchy process (AHP) dengan software expert choice 2000 . Selain itu, pada efisiensi pemasaran menggunakan analisis kuantitatif yang terdiri dari perhitungan margin pemasaran, farmer`s share , rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya, dan indeks efisiensi pemasaran berdasarkan metode acharya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi rantai pasok gula siwalan di daerah penelitian termasuk dalam kategori baik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan persentase evaluasi dari responden mengenai 3 aliran dalam rantai pasok yaitu aliran barang, aliran informasi, dan aliran uang. Pada aliran barang, margin terbesar terdapat pada saluran pemasaran 1 dan sebaran volume gula siwalan yang dihasilkan petani didominasi oleh pedagang pengumpul dengan nilai sebesar 87 persen. Sebanyak 47 persen responden menyebutkan bahwa kualitas gula siwalan yang diperdagangkan cukup sesuai dengan harapan, 40 persen responden menyebutkan kesesuaian kuantitas kurang sesuai dan cukup sesuai dengan harapan, dan sebanyak 48 persen menyebutkan bahwa pengiriman atau penyediaan barang sudah tepat. Pada aliran informasi, sebanyak 43 persen responden menyebutkan bahwa informasi yang diterima cukup akurat, 58 persen responden menyebutkan transparansi informasi hanya untuk informasi tertentu saja, dan 55 persen frekuensi informasi terjadi secara kontinu. Sedangkan pada aliran uang: sebanyak 50 persen responden menyebutkan bahwa harga yang diperoleh masih kurang dari harapan, 65 persen responden menyebutkan bahwa cukup puas terhadap sistem pembayaran yang berlaku, dan sebanyak 48 persen responden menyebutkan bahwa pembayaran cukup tepat waktu dan tepat jumlah. Berdasarkan hasil SCOR pada struktur hierarki peningkatan kinerja rantai pasok gula siwalan di Kabupaten Sumenep didapat hasil pada kategori proses yaitu perencanaan (0,231), proses pengadaan (0,362), proses produksi (0,095), proses pengiriman (0,220), dan proses pengembalian (0,092). Pada kategori atribut kinerja didapat hasil reliabilitas (0,286), responsivitas (0,131), fleksibilitas (0,188), biaya (0,283), dan aset (0,114). Sedangkan pada ketegori indikator kinerja didapat hasil antara lain pemenuhan pesanan sempurna (0,161), waktu pemenuhan pesanan sempurna (0,094), kualitas produk (0,098), biaya total rantai pasok (0,304), dan siklus cash to cash (0,343). Kelima saluran dalam rantai pasok gula siwalan ini tergolong sangat efisien, setiap anggota rantai pasok mendapatkan keuntungan yang lebih besar daripada biayanya. Secara umum nilai farmer`s share pada kelima saluran pemasaran tersebut sudah bagus yaitu di atas 80 persen. Nilai rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya tertinggi dimiliki oleh saluran 2 yaitu sebesar 2,36. Berdasarkan metode acharya, saluran 1 memiliki nilai indeks efisiensi pemasaran terendah yaitu sebesar 4,5, sedangkan saluran 3 merupakan nilai indeks efisiensi pemasaran tertinggi dengan nilai 95,65. Kelemahannya adalah saluran 3 ini tidak bisa diaplikasikan oleh semua jenis konsumen, karena kuantitas yang bisa diperjual belikan terbatas (sedikit).
English Abstract
Palmyra, coconut, and palm sugar are potential to substitutes sugarcane, so it can reduce dependence on imported sugar and even has characteristics of a different flavor. With growing needs of current consumers, widespread use of sugar as a commodity even highly prospective as export. Various kinds of palm products provide business opportunities to development of direct utilization can increase farmers income. problem in this study were (1) condition of supply chain of palm sugar in Sumenep were unknown. (2) re is no information on level of efficiency of supply chain of palm sugar in Sumenep. (3) performance of supply chain of palm sugar in Sumenep if terms of Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) were unknown. purpose of this study were 1) Analyze condition of supply chain of palmyra sugar in Sumenep, 2) Analyze efficiency of marketing supply chain of palmyra sugar in Sumenep, and 3) Analyze supply chain performance of palm sugar in Sumenep to approach Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR). Location research purposively in Dungkek Subdistrict, Sumenep Regency on basis that district is an area of palm sugar production centers which have largest palmyra planted area in Sumenep. Determination of sample farmers as respondents using multiple stage sampling method and Slovin formula in order to get number of samples as many as 16 people farmer respondents. Sampling for marketing agencies that are involved in supply chain of palm sugar made by using snowball sampling method so that total number of respondents 40 respondents. Method of data analysis used in this study is a qualitative analysis on condition of supply chain of palm sugar with 3 flow approach, consist of flow of goods, information flow, and money flow. Fur rmore evaluation with opinion of respondents who parties role in supply chain of palmyra sugar. In addition, marketing efficiency using quantitative analysis consist of marketing margin calculation, farmers share, ratio of benefits to costs, and marketing efficiency index based acharya method. To answer third goal in this study, we used supply chain operations reference (SCOR) approach on method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with expert choice software 2000. Results of this study showed that condition of palmyra sugar supply chain in study area are included in both categories. This is indicated by percentage of respondents regarding evaluation of 3 flow in supply chain. On goods flow, 47 per cent of respondents said that quality of palm sugar are traded fairly, 40 percent of respondents cited lack of appropriate suitability and sufficient quantity, and 48 percent said delivery or provision of goods are correct. On information flow, 43 percent of respondents said information received is accurate enough, 58 percent of respondents said transparency information only for certain information, and 55 percent frequency information occurs continuously. While money flow, 50 percent of respondents noted that price obtained is less than expectations, 65 percent of respondents said that y were quite satisfied applicable payment system, and as many as 48 percent of respondents said that payments quite timely and amount appropriate. fifth channel in supply chain of palm sugar is considered very efficient, every member of supply chain benefit outweigh costs. In general, value of farmers share in five marketing channel is good above 80 percent. Value of highest benefit to cost ratio is owned by channel 2 is equal to 2,36. Based methods acharya, channel 1 has lowest value of marketing efficiency index at 4,5, while channel 3 is highest index score of marketing efficiency with value 95,65. disadvantage is channel 3 can not be applied by all types of consumers, because quantity that can be traded limit. Based on a hierarchical structure of SCOR on supply chain performance improvement of palmyra sugar in Sumenep, results obtained in category consist of planning process (0,231), source process (0,362), production process (0,095), delivery process (0,220), and return (0,092) . In category of performance attributes reliability of results obtained (0.286), responsiveness (0,131), flexibility (0,188), cost (0,283), and assets (0,114). While results obtained performance indicator categories include perfect order fulfillment (0,161), perfect order fulfillment time (0,094), product quality (0.098), total supply chain cost (0,304), and cash to cash cycle (0,343). conclusion of this study is condition of supply chain of palm sugar in Dungkek Subdistrict, Sumenep Regency quite good so it deserves to be fur r developed. most efficient marketing channel is channel 3, from producers (farmers) wich sold directly to consumers. improved performance of palmyra sugar supply chain is first priority is procurement process (0.362), attribute costs (0.290), and cash to cash cycle indicator (0.299). advice was a member of supply chain need to using internet technology as means of support in marketing activities and required development of technology in cultivation and manufacture of palmyra sugar so that market demand can be fulfilled.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/633.6/SUS/a/041308107 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Dec 2013 12:08 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Dec 2013 12:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/158935 |
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