Maisyaroh, Wiwin (2011) Pemanfaatan Refugia (Kombinasi Tumbuhan Mimosa pudica, Vernonia cinera, Marsilea crenata, dan Pistia startiotes) untuk Menarik Kunjungan Arthropoda di Lahan Pertanian. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penggunaan pestisida pada lahan pertanian telah memberikan dampak negatif baik terhadap kesehatan, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Pengendalian hama dengan menggunakan pestisida dapat meningkatkan beberapa dampak sampingan seperti munculnya hama-hama resisten dan membunuh hama non target termasuk musuh alami. Pemanfaatan berbagai tumbuhan liar sebagai area refugia diharapkan mampu menjadi habitat alternatif bagi Arthropoda di lahan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketertarikan Arthropoda terhadap blok refugia (kombinasi tumbuhan Mimosa pudica L. , Vernonia cinera Less, Marsilea crenata Presl., Pistia startiotes L.), serta distribusi spasial dan temporal Arthropoda pada tanaman padi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April-November 2010 di lahan pertanian Sawojajar Malang. Penelitian ini bersifat semi eksperimental, parameter yang diamati adalah rata-rata kelimpahan Arthropoda terhadap blok refugia dan perbedaan kelimpahan Arthropoda pada plot pengamatan berdasarkan distribusi spasial dan temporal. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menempatkan tumbuhan uji pada petak yang berada di pojok sawah yang selanjutnya disebut sebagai blok refugia. Ketertarikan serangga diamati mulai dari blok refugia dan setiap jarak 2 meter menjauhi blok refugia pada rumpun padi untuk mengetahui distribusi spasial dari serangga tersebut. Metode pengamatan yang digunakan adalah metode “visual control”. Pengamatan serangga terdiri dari 4 temporal dan dilakukan selama 15 hari (15 ulangan). Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif menggunakan ANOVA dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Arthropoda yang mengunjungi blok refugia sebanyak 9 ordo yang terdiri dari 24 famili (15 famili diantaranya merupakan musuh alami dan 9 famili merupakan hama). Terdapat 15 famili Arthropoda yang menunjukkan adanya signifikansi distribusi spasial dan atau temporal, yaitu Coccinellidae, Staphylinidae, Aeshnidae, Coenagrionidae, Syrpidae, Tetragnathidae, Vespidae, Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Chrysomelidae, Drosophillidae, Acrididae, Muscidae, Pappilionidae, dan Cicadellidae. Secara keseluruhan musuh alami tidak menunjukkan adanya signifikansi distribusi spasial (Sig F 0.05), namun menunjukkan adanya signifikansi distribusi temporal (Sig F 0.05). Hama secara keseluruhan menunjukkan adanya signifikansi distribusi spasial (Sig F 0.05) dan tidak menunjukkan adanya signifikansi distribusi temporal (Sig F 0.05).
English Abstract
Use of pesticides on farmland has negative impacts on health, economic, and environmental. Control of pests by using pesticides may increase several side effect such as emerge of resistant pests and kill non-target insects including natural enemies. Utilization of various wild plants for refugia areas are expected to become an alternative habitat for arthropods in agriculture. This study aims were to determine attractiveness of Arthropods to refugia block (a combination of plant Mimosa pudica L., Vernonia cinera Less, Marsilea crenata Presl., Pistia startiotes L.), as well as spatial and temporal distribution of arthropods in rice plants. This research was conducted on April-November 2010 in Sawojajar farmland Malang. This is semi-experimental research, parameters observation were as follows average abundance of arthropods those visiting refugia blok and arthropods abundance differences on observed plots based on spatial and temporal distribution. This research was conducted by placing test plants in a plot located in corner field, hereinafter referred to as block refugia. Attractiveness of insects ranging from refugia blocks and each block at distance of 2 meters away from refugia were observed in clump of rice to determine spatial distribution of se insects. Observation method used is method of "visual control". Observations of insects consists of 4 temporal variation and conducted over 15 days (15 replications). data were analyzed descriptively using ANOVA and regression analysis. results showed that Arthropods were visiting as much as 9 orders refugia block consisting of 24 families (15 families of which were known as natural enemies and 9 families were a pest). re were 15 families of arthropods that showed significance of spatial and or temporal distribution, namely Coccinellidae, Staphylinidae, Aeshnidae, Coenagrionidae, Syrpidae, Tetragnathidae, Vespidae, Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Chrysomelidae, Drosophillidae, Acrididae, Muscidae, Pappilionidae, and Cicadellidae. Overall natural enemies did not show any significant of spatial distribution (Sig F 0.05), but indicate temporal distribution was significance (Sig F 0.05). Pest as a whole showed a spatial distribution was significance (Sig F 0.05) and did not show any significant temporal distribution (Sig F 0,05).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/632.5/MAI/p/041102360 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.5 Weeds |
| Divisions: | Program Pascasarjana > Magister Studi Ketahanan Nasional, Program Pascasarjana |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Nov 2011 10:57 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Nov 2011 10:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/158922 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |