Rahmawati, RahajengSitiNur (2014) Pengaruh Alfatokoperol Terhadap Kadar Malondialdehyde Ovarium dan Jumlah Folikel Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Dipapar Asap Rokok. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Asap rokok mengandung 4000 bahan berbahaya dan radikal bebas. Tubuh manusia dapat menetralisir radikal bebas, hanya saja bila jumlahnya berlebihan, maka kemampuan untuk menetralisirnya akan semakin berkurang. Merokok dapat meningkatkan jumlah radikal bebas ke dalam tubuh. Sehingga dalam tubuh perokok terjadi ketidakseimbangan jumlah radikal bebas dan antioksidan yang disebut dengan stress oksidatif yang mampu menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan termasuk pada organ reproduksi, menyebabkan terjadinya peroksidasi lipid pada ovarium dan mempengaruhi proses folikulogenesis. Alfatokoperol adalah antioksidan utama dalam membran sel yang mampu mencegah terjadinya peroksidasi lipid yang disebabkan radikal bebas asap rokok. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh alfatokoperol terhadap kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA) ovarium dan jumlah folikel ovarium tikus putih yang dipapar asap rokok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan rancangan Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design. Hewan coba yang digunakan sebanyak 25 tikus putih (Rattus Norvegicus) betina, dengan usia 1-2 bulan, berat badan 150-250 gram yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, positif, serta kelompok dengan pemberian alfatokoperol D(I) 100mg/kgBB/hari, D(II) 200mg/kgBB/hari, D(III) 400mg/kgBB/hari . Pemaparan asap rokok diberikan 2 batang perhari selama 8 minggu. Kadar MDA diukur dengan metode TBARS dan jumlah folikel yang dihitung adalah folikel De Graaf, sekunder serta primer dari preparat histologi yang dilakukan pewarnaan HE. Data dianalisis dengan one way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan post hoc test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan paparan asap rokok pada tikus dapat meningkatkan kadar MDA ovarium (0.388 ± 0.085) secara bermakna dibandingkan kontrol (0.121 ± 0.026) (P 0.05). Alfatokoferol berbagai dosis dapat menurunkan kadar MDA secara bermakna dibandingkan kelompok paparan asap rokok (P 0.05) akan tetapi belum mencapai kadar kelompok kontrol negatif. Pemaparan asap rokok pada tikus dapat menurunkan jumlah folikel primer dan sekunder secara bermakna dibandingkan kontrol negatif (P 0.05) serta cenderung menurunkan jumlah folikel De Graff di ovarium meskipun belum bermakna (P 0.05). Jumlah folikel sekunder kelompok alfatokoferol dosis pertama (5.2 ± 1.304) dan kedua (5.4 ± 0.548) lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan kelompok kontrol negatif (3.6 ± 0.548) (P 0.05). Jumlah folikel primer kelompok alfatokoferol dosis pertama (3.8 ± 1.095) sebanding dengan kelompok kontrol negatif (3.8 ± 1.095) (P 0.05), sedangkan pada dosis kedua (5.8 + 0.837) dan ketiga ( 5.2 + 0.447) lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan kelompok kontrol negarif (3.8 ± 1.095) (P 0.05). Radikal bebas yang terdapat pada asap rokok menyebabkan stress oksidatif di ovarium sehingga menyebabkan kadar MDA ovarium tinggi dan jumlah folikel di ovarium lebih sedikit daripada kelompok yang tidak dipapar asap rokok. Alfatokoperol dapat memperbaiki kerusakan stress oksidatif akibat radikal bebas asap rokok, ditandai dengan penurunan kadar MDA dan peningkatan folikel ovarium.
English Abstract
Cigarette`s smoke contains 4000 dangerous materials and free radicals. Human body is able to neutralize free radicals by using enzymatic antioxidants. However, if the number of free radicals that human body has to cope with is too many, the ability to neutralize will be compromised. Smoking increases the number of free radicals produced in the human body. Therefore, the number of free radicals and antioxidant in the smoker`s body is imbalanced. Such condition is called oxidative stress that is able to cause cell damage in all parts of the body including reproductive organ. The damage causes lipid peroxidation in the ovarian and influences folliculogenesis process. Alphatochoperol is the main antioxidant in the cell membrane that is able to prevent lipid peroxidation caused by the free radicals of cigarette`s smoke. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of alphatocoperol on the ovarian Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the number of ovarian follicle in Rattus Norvegicus exposed to cigarette`s smoke. The research was a laboratory experiment with Randomized Test Only Control Group design. The animal subject were 25 female RattusNorvegicus of about 1-2 months of age, weighing about 150-250 gram. The subjects were divided into five groups; positive and negative control group and 3 treatment groups of aIphatocoperol dose I ( 100mg/kgBW/day), alhatocoperol dose II (200mg/kg BW/day), and alphatocoperol dose III (400mg/kgBW/day). Cigarette`s smoke exposure was given by exposing the subjects to 2 cigarettes per day for 8 weeks. MDA level was measured by using TBARS method. The counting of follicle was done by using histology sample preparation with HE staining. The follicle number counted was De Graaf, secondary, and primary follicle. The data were analyzed by using one way ANOVAs and Post Hoc Test. The results showed that cigarette`s smoke exposure significantly increased ovarian MDA level (0.388 + 0.085) compared to that of negative control group (0.121 + 0.026) (P 0.05). Alphatochoferol in various doses significantly decreased MDA level compared to cigarette`s smoke exposure group (P 0.05), but the decrease in MDA level did not achieve the level of MDA of negative control group. The cigarette`s smoke exposure significantly decreased the number of primary and secondary follicle than the negative control group (P 0.05). Smoke exposure tended to decrease the number of De Graff follicle in the ovarian (P 0.05), although the decrease was not significant. The number of secondary follicle in the Alphatochoferol first group (5.2 + 1.304) and the second (5.4 + 0.548) were higher than the negative control group (3.6 + 0.548) (P 0.05). There were no significant difference between the number of primary follicle in alphatocoperol dose I (3.8 + 1.095) and negative control group (3.8 + 1.095) (P 0.05) . The number of primary follicle of dose II (5.8 +0.837) and dose III (5.2 + 0.447) was significantly higher than the negative control group (3.8 + 1.095) (P 0.05) The free radicals in the cigarette`s smoke caused oxidative stress in the ovarian that increased the ovarian MDA level and the number of the ovarian follicle was lower than the group that was not given cigarette`s smoke exposure. Alphatochoferol was able to prevent the oxidative stress damage caused by free radicals from the cigarette`s smoke as indicated by the decrease of the MDA level and the increase of the ovarian follicle.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/612.399/RAH/p/041401536 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 612 Human Physiology > 612.3 Digestive system |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Kebidanan, Fakultas Kedokteran |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Apr 2014 12:41 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Apr 2014 12:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/157971 |
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