Berlianti, NindhaAyu (2014) Identifikasi Kandungan Radikal Bebas pada Organ Ikan Nila (Oreochromis Niloticus) Akibat Limbah Pencemar Menggunakan ESR (Electron Spin Resonance). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pencemaran sungai disebabkan oleh aktifitas masyarakat seperti kegiatan industri.DAS brantas saat ini mengalami pencemaran yang ditandai dengan pencemaran waduk.Pencemaran ini disebabkan oleh limbah industri yang melibatkan unsur logam Pb, Cd, Hg. Ikan nila dijadikan bioindikator untuk mendeteksi beberapa polutan. Ikan nila yang hidup di perairan tercemar akan mengakumulasi logam berat kedalam jaringan tubuhnya. Perubahan sistem metabolisme ikan terjadi jika adanya paparan logam berat yang berasal dari perairan tercemar, jika paparan logam beratmeningkat maka dapat merusak sistem pertahanan sel sehingga terjadi kerusakan sel. Senyawa radikal bebas timbul akibat berbagai proses kimia kompleks yang terjadi didalam tubuh seperti proses oksidasi dan metabolisme sel. Dengan demikian perlu dilakukan suatu penelitan yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan radikal bebas pada organ ikan nila akibat limbah pencemar Pb, Cd dan Hg. Ikan nila sebagai bioindikator dipilih dengan panjang tubuh 8-10 cm dan berat 10-15 gram, dipelihara dalam akuarium selama rentang waktu 42 hari. Dalam rentang waktu tersebut diberikan variasi konsentrasi pencemar logam berat Pb Nitrat 0.2 ppm-1.4 ppm, Cd Nitrat 0.02 ppm-0.14 ppm, Hg Nitrat 0.006 ppm-0.018 ppm. Pengambilan data dilakukan setiap 7 hari. Pengamatan radikal bebas dilakukan pada organ insang dengan menggunakan Elektron spin resonance (ESR) pada rentang frekuensi 10.5 – 37.1 Hz, arus 0.32 A dan B = 1.35301 x 10 T dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencemaran logam berat pada organ ikan nila digunakan AAS. Pengaruh pencemaran logam berat terhadap munculnya radikal bebas menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi logam berat Pb, Cd, Hg dengan lama pemaparan yang diberikan dapat meningkatkan kandungan logam berat pada organ ikan nila, semakin tinggi kandungan logam berat menyebabkan kandungan dan jenis radikal bebas yang terdapat pada organ ikan nila semakin meningkat. Jenis radikal bebas pada insang, hati, ginjal, daging yang terpapar logam Pb : O 2 - , CO 2 - , CuOx, Sulfida Oksida, FeS, SO 4 - , Hidrogen. Logam Cd :O 2 - , Cu, Mn 2 O 2 , Karbon. Logam Hg : O 2 - , Hidrogen, Cu Kompleks, Ethyl, CuOx.
English Abstract
River pollution is caused by people`s activities such as industrialization. It can be seen from Brantas` watershed which is now polluted. The pollution can be seen through its reservoir. It is caused by the industries` and factories` wastes containing Pb, Cd, and Hg. Thus, Oreochromisniloticus or tilapia is used as bio indicator to detect some pollutants. Oreochromisniloticus living in polluted waters will accumulate heavy metals within its body. The change of metabolism system of fish happens if there was a leveling of heavy metals from the polluted waters. If the heavy metals are increasing, it will damage cell defense system and then continuously break the cell. Free radical compound appears because of various complex chemistry processes occurred inside the body such as oxidation process and cell metabolism. Therefore, it needs an action which aims at identifying the substance of free radical in the organs of Oreochromisniloticus as the effect of the study of polluting wastes Pb, Cd, and Hg. Oreochromisniloticus as the bio indicator chosen with 8-10 cm height and 10-15 grams weight is raised in an aquarium for 42 day and given various concentrate of heavy metals pollutant Pb Nitrate 0.2 ppm – 1.4 ppm, Nitrate 0.02 ppm – 0.14 ppm, and Hg Nitrate 0.006 ppm – 0.018 ppm. Data was collected once in a week. In addition, the observation of free radical is carried out on the fish gills by using Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) between the frequencies of 10.5 – 37.1 Hz, current 0.32 A and B = 1.35301 x 10 T. In order to find the impact of the pollution caused by heavy metals on Oreochromisniloticus , the researcher used AAS. The effect of heavy metal toward the emerge of heavy metals shows that the variation of heavy metal concentrate such Pb, Cd, and Hg along with the duration of leveling given can increase the substance of heavy metal in Oreochromisniloticus organs. The higher the substance of heavy metals, the more varied the substance contained in the fish. Kinds of free radical loaded in the fish gills, liver, kidney, and flesh levels Pb metals: O 2 - , CO 2 - , Cu Ox, Sulfide Oxide, Fe S, SO 4 - , and Hydrogen. Metal Cd: O 2 - , Cu, Mn 2 O 2 , Carbon. Metal Hg: O 2 - , Hydrogen, Cu Complex, Ethyl, CuOx.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/597.74/BER/i/041404204 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 597 Cold-blooded vertebrates > 597.7 Perciformes |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Matematika, Fakultas MIPA |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Aug 2014 13:49 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Aug 2014 13:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/157890 |
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