Esfandiari, Fitria (2014) Positive Legislature Mahkamah Konstitusi di Indonesia. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Mahkamah Konstitusi, yang keberadaannya merupakan amanat reformasi menjadi bagian dari konsep checks and balances . Terkait kewenangannya ini, Mahkamah Konstitusi secara teks hanya diperkenankan membuat Putusan yang bersifat negative legislature atau sebatas membatalkan norma/membiarkan norma dalam undang-undang tetap berlaku. Konteks yang berkembang dewasa ini bergeser, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi masuk dalam ranah positive legislature atau merumuskan norma baru. Hal ini membawa implikasi hukum yang luas terutama dalam sistem ketatanegaraan di Indonesia. Fenomena itu menimbulkan beberapa masalah diantaranya apakah Mahkamah Konstitusi mempunyai fungsi membuat positive legislature melalui putusanputusannya serta apa implikasi hukum dari putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang membuat norma baru dan bagaimana mewujudkan positive legislature tersebut. Terdapat tiga putusan yang mencerminkan sifat positive legislature tersebut, yakni Putusan MK Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 tentang Pengujian Pasal 2 ayat (2) dan Pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974, Putusan MK Nomor 102/PUUVII/2009 tentang Pengujian Pasal 28 dan Pasal 111 Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2008, Putusan MK Nomor : 110-111-112-113/PUU-VII/2009 tentang Penghitungan Suara Pada Pemilu Legislatif 2009. Masalah-masalah tersebut selanjutnya dianalisis dalam perspektif teoritis yaitu, ajaran pemisahan/pembagian kekuasaan, teori kewenangan, teori penemuan hukum dan teori hukum dan masyarakat. Hasil uji analisis dalam penelitian ini menyimpulkan, Pertama , Mahkamah Konstitusi memiliki fungsi positive legislature dalam putusan-putusannya. Konsep positive legislature ini menurut penulis telah sesuai dan mencerminkan rasa keadilan. Hal ini berdasarkan argumentasi sebagai berikut : 1. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang mengandung positive legislature tersebut sebagai bagian dari penegakan hukum progresif. Dibuatnya putusan yang bersifat mengatur tersebut didasarkan pada pertimbangan hukum, filosofis dan sosiologis yang tidak terlepas dari penafsiran hukum. 2. Hukum tidak hanya dilihat dari kacamata teks undang-undang belaka melainkan menghidupkan kemaslahatan dalam kontektualitasnya. Menyadari bahwa hukum bukanlah aturan yang berdiri sendiri atau absolut, hukum dilingkupi oleh nilai-nilai masyarakat. Mengacu pada hasil analisis di atas, maka putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang bersifat positive legislature diperlukan untuk menegakkan keadilan substantif sepanjang terdapat kriteria-kriteria, syarat serta kondisi yang melatarbelakanginya. Kedua , norma baru yang lahir dari putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang bersifat positive legislature secara langsung memiliki implikasi hukum bagi masyarakat luas. Derajatnya setara dengan Undang-Undang karena bersifat final dan mengikat. Hal ini di berdasarkan penemuan hukum sebagai berikut : 1. Dalam hal Mahkamah Konstitusi membuat putusan yang mengatur, dapat diatur dalam Hukum Acara Mahkamah Konstitusi atau Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi (PMK), sehingga keberadaannya tidak dipertanyakan lagi oleh masyarakat. 2. Dirumuskannya kriteria-kriteria yang dapat digunakan sebagai rambu-rambu bagi M
English Abstract
Constitutional Court, whose existence is mandated by the reform to be part of the concept of checks and balances. Related to this authority, the Constitutional Court, according to the text, is only allowed to create decision that is negative Legislature or the extent of canceling the norm/let the law remain valid. Evolving context of today shifts, the Constitutional Court Decision enters in the realm of positive Legislature or formulates new norms. This brings extensive legal implications, especially in the state system in Indonesia. This phenomenon raises several issues including whether the Constitutional Court has made a positive function Legislature through its decisions and what the legal implications of the decision of the Constitutional Court which makes the new norm and how to realize the positive Legislature. There are three decisions that reflect the positive nature of the Legislature, the Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 on Test Article 2 paragraph (2) and Article 43 paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 1974, Court Decision No. 102/PUU-VII/2009 on Testing of Article 28 and Article 111 of Law No. 42 Year 2008, Court Decision Number: 110-111-112-113/PUU-VII/2009 about Legislative Election Vote Counting In 2009. The problems are further analyzed in a theoretical perspective, namely, the doctrine of separation/division of power, authority theory, the theory of law and legal theory discovery and society. The result of the analysis in this study concluded, first, the Constitutional Court has a positive function in the Legislature decisions. The concept of positive Legislature, according to the authors is appropriate and reflects a sense of justice. It is based on the following arguments: 1. Constitutional Court Decision containing the positive Legislature as part of a progressive law enforcement. The making decision which has ruling character is based on a consideration of the legal, philosophical and sociological interpretation that can not be separated from the law. 2. Law is not only seen from the eyes a mere text of the law but in turn the benefit of its contextuality. Recognizing that the rule of law is not a stand-alone or absolute rule, the law is covered by the values of society. Referring to the results of the analysis above, the decision of the Constitutional Court which is positive Legislature is required to enforce the substantive justice as long there are all criteria, terms and conditions that lie behind them. Secondly, the new norm born from the decision of the Constitutional Court which is directly Legislature has positive implications for wide society. Its level is equivalent to the Act because it is final and binding. This is in accordance with the law invention as follow: 1. In the case of the Constitutional Court made a decision that rules, it can be set in the Civil Procedure Rules of the Constitutional Court or the Constitutional Court Regulation, so that its existence is not questioned again by society. 2. Criteria formulated that can be used as guidelines for making the decision of the Constitutional Court in making the decision which has the legislature positive character to prevent these institutions from the nature of authoritarianism.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/342.598/ESF/p/041406706 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 342 Constitutional and administrative law |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Hukum, Fakultas Hukum |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Oct 2014 08:11 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Oct 2014 08:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/156171 |
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