Tiza, AgustinusLonga (2014) Implementasi Program Pembangunan Desa Mandiri Anggaran untuk Rakyat Menuju Sejahtera (Anggur Merah) di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (Studi di Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Timor Tenga. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, menganalisis, realitas pembangunan masyarakat desa dalam kerangka otonomi daerah di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara yang dipotret melalui kajian Implementasi Program Pembangunan Desa Mandiri “Anggur Merah” dengan penekanan pada model implementasi Direct and Indirect Impact on Implementation yang oleh Edward III (1980) terdapat empat aspek yang sangat menentukan keberhasilan implementasi suatu kebijakan yakni Komunikasi ( Communication), Sumberdaya ( Resources), Disposisi ( Disposition) dan Struktur Birokrasi ( Bureaucratic Structure). Fokus Penelitian adalah: 1) Implementasi Program Pembangunan Desa Mandiri “Anggur Merah”; 2) Faktor Pendukung dan Penghambat Implementasi Program Pembangunan Desa Mandiri “Anggur Merah”. Data yang dihimpun akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan model analisis interaktif ( Interaktive Analysis Model) yang dikembangkan oleh Miles dan Huberman (1992). Hasil temuan penelitian adalah: 1) Koordinasi diatara pelaku program baik dari tingkat propinsi sampai tingkat desa belum maksimal. 2) Kesiapan masyarakat penerima program belum memahami secara baik manfaat dan kegunaan program sehingga terkesan mereka kurang partisipatif. 3) Belum meratanya alokasi bantuan dana sehingga menimbulkan kecemburuan dari masyarakat desa. 4) Pemantauan serta pendampingan yang belum maksimal sehingga penggunaan dana belum direncanakan secara baik dengan berpatok pada kebutuhan dasar masyarakat desa. 5) Kesiapan tenaga pendamping “Anggur Merah” yang tersebar di semua desa sasaran dalam hal sumberdaya manusianya dan konsolidasi yang tercipta di desa belum memadai. 6) Adanya Kelompok Masyarakat bermasalah (tunggakan angsuran) yang penanganannya lamban. 7) Akses untuk memperoleh informasi bagi masyarakat belum optimal. 8) Pertemuan yang tidak rutin dengan kelompok masyarakat, masyarakat, lembaga formal maupun perangkat desa. 9) Pepengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan program “Anggur Merah” oleh masyarakat desa sebagai perwujudan mekanisme pengendalian sosial belum dilakukan secara maksimal. Hasil akhir penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Program Pembangunan Desa Mandiri “Anggur Merah” yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Provinsi NTT dilaksanakan disetiap kabupaten, termasuk Kabupaten TTU bersifat linier atau top down. 2) Implementasi program pembangunan desa mandiri “Anggur Merah” di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara yang meliputi aspek Komunikasi ( Communication), Sumberdaya ( Resources), Disposisi ( Disposition) dan Struktur Birokrasi ( Bureaucratic Structure) belum optimal. 3) Program “Anggur Merah” secara umum belum mampu untuk memberdayakan kelompok masyarakat miskin di pedesaan. Beberapa saran yang dapat diberikan adalah: 1) Sebaiknya model implementasi dari Edward III (1980) tidak digunakan secara kaku dalam memotret fenomena implementasi kebijakan di negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. 2) Sebaiknya aktor-aktor kebijakan yang terlibat dalam implementasi program “Anggur Merah” mesti konsisten dan memiliki komitmen memberikan dukungan politik, khusunya pemerintah desa yang senantiasa bersentuhan langsung dengan masyarakat dan memahami kebutuhan masyarakat serta didukung oleh intensitas pendapingan sehingga kebijakan bottom up dapat terwujud . 3) Perlu melakukan koordinasi lintas sektor untuk mewujudkan keberhasilan program. 4) Perlu secara terus menerus dilakukan penguatan kapasitas bagi para Pendamping Kelompok Masyarakat (PKM). 5) Perlu meningkatkan pengawasan dan pemantauan yang memadai terhadap pelaksanaan program.
English Abstract
Research aims to describe, to analyze and to interpret the reality of rural community development at Timor Tengah Utara Regency based on rural autonomous framework. This development is understood through the review on the Implementation of Rural Self-Supported Development Program of “Anggur Merah” (Anggaran Untuk Rakyat Menuju Sejahtera) emphasizing on implementation model of Direct and Indirect Impact on Implementation given by Edward III (1980). There are four aspects determining successful implementation of a policy, which are Communication, Resources, Disposition and Bureaucratic Structure. Focuses of research are (1) the implementation of Rural Self-Supported Development Program of “Anggur Merah”, and (2) the factors supporting Rural Self-Supported Development Program of “Anggur Merah”. The collected data are analyzed using interactive analysis model developed by Miles and Huberman (1992). The findings of research are that (1) the coordination between program actors either at provincial or rural levels is still not maximum; (2) the preparedness of community as the program beneficiary is lacking because of less understanding about the usability of program such that they are not quite participative; (3) fund location toward whole villages is not evenly distributed such that jealousy occurs among rural communities; (4) monitoring, and counseling are not maximally resolved such that the fund is not preplanned and used favorably although it is allocated based on rural base demand; (5) other problem is related to the preparedness counselor worker of “Anggur Merah” for targeted villages because of less reliable human resource and consolidation; (6) there are some members of community who are defaulted (incapacity to pay installment) with slow enforcement; (7) access to obtain information from the community is not optimum; (8) community group, formal agency and village officer have a meeting only in irregular manner; (9) supervision for the implementation of “Anggur Merah” by rural community as the mechanism of social control is not maximum. Result of research indicates that (1) Rural Self-Supported Development Program of “Anggur Merah” represents an innovative policy set by the NTT provincial government in every District, including TTU Regency, in manner of linear or top-down; (2) The implementation of Rural Self-Supported Development Program of “Anggur Merah” at TTU Regency, which covers several aspects such as Communication, Resources, Disposition and Bureaucratic Structure, is still not optimum; (3) “Anggur Merah” Program is still incapable to empower the poor community in the rural. Therefore, it is then suggested that (1) Edward II`s implementation model (1980) shall not be used rigidly in capturing the phenomenon of policy implementation at developing countries, including Indonesia; (2) policy actors shall be engaged within the implementation of “Anggur Merah” program, be consistent and have commitment to give political support, especially when the rural government has direct touch with the community and understands the demand of community, and because intensive counseling intensity may help the creation of bottom-up policy; (3) coordination shall be made cross-sector to ensure comprehensive program success; and (4) the counselor of community must be subjected to capacity building. 5) Need to improve the supervision and adequate monitoring of the implementation of the program.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/307.141 2/TIZ/i/041404566 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 307 Communities > 307.1 Planning and development |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Administrasi Bisnis, Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Aug 2014 14:40 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Aug 2014 14:40 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/155575 |
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