Wijayanti, Eva Nur (2015) Pengaruh Ukuran Filter dan Frekuensi Fraksinasi Cyclone dalam Proses Penepungan Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Metode Ball Mill Termodifikasi Terhadap Kadar Kalsium Oksalat dan Derajat Putih T. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tepung porang merupakan tepung yang terbuat dari umbi porang. Tepung porang memiliki banyak manfaat karena kandungan glukomanan yang tinggi. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam proses penepungan porang adalah kandungan kalsium oksalat yang tinggi dimana kalsium oksalat dapat menyebabkan gatal-gatal dan iritasi. Penepungan porang dilakukan dengan berbagai metode, salah satunya dengan menggunakan ball mill. Ball mill merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk memproduksi nanomaterial dengan memanfaatkan tumbukan yang terjadi antara bola-bola penghancur, bahan baku dan dinding ball mill. Tepung porang dapat dimurnikan menggunakan cyclone untuk memisahkan kalsium oksalat dari glukomanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ukuran filter yang tepat serta pengaruh frekuensi fraksinasi cyclone terhadap kadar kalsium oksalat dan derajat putih tepung porang dalam proses penepungan porang metode ball mill termodifikasi dengan kombinasi cyclone secara kontinyu. Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Tersarang (Nested Design) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I adalah ukuran filter ( 36 mesh, 40 mesh). Faktor II adalah frekuensi fraksinasi cyclone ( 1 kali, 2 kali fraksinasi). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Data dianalisa statistika menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan selang kepercayaan 5%, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT α= 0,05. Pemilihan perlakuan terbaik dengan metode Multiple Attribute (Zeleny,1982). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran filter dan frekuensi fraksinasi cyclone tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (α = 0,05) terhadap kadar kalsium oksalat dan derajat putih tepung porang. Penggunaan ukuran filter dan frekuensi fraksinasi cyclone yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (α = 0,05) terhadap rendemen tepung yang dihasilkan. . Tepung perlakuan terbaik yang diperoleh dengan metode Multiple Attribute adalah tepung hasil pengilingan porang metode ball mill termodifikasi dengan menggunakan filter ukuran 36 mesh dan dilanjutkan 2x fraksinasi cyclone. Pemilihan tepung perlakuan terbaik didasarkan pada beberapa parameter yaitu rendah kadar oksalat, tinggi derajat putih dan tinggi rendemen. Tepung hasil analisa perlakuan terbaik mengandung kalsium oksalat sebesar 0,13%,derajat putih 68,82 dan rendemen 67,8%.
English Abstract
Porang flour is a flour made from porang tubers. Porang flour has many benefits because of high glucomannan contents. Problem faced in porang flouring process is containing high level of calcium oxalate that can cause itches and irritation. Porang flouring process is conducted by various methods, one of the methods is using ball mill. Ball Mill is an instrument which is used to produce nanomaterial by exploiting collision between pounder balls, raw material and ball mill wall. Porang flour can be fractinated by using cyclone to separate calcium oxalate from glucomannan. The purpose of this research is to determine the proper filter size and the effect of cyclone fractionation frequency against calcium oxalate level and whiteness degree in porang flouring process by modified ball mill method combined with cyclone fractionation continuously. This research used nested design with two factors. The first factor was filter size (36 mesh, 40 mesh). The second factor was the frequency of cyclone fractionation (1time, 2times of fractionation). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The data was statistically analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with 5% confidence interval then tested further by using Least Significant Difference/ LSD (α=0,05). The best treatment was chosen with Multiple Attribute method (Zeleny, 1982). The result of this research showed that filter size and the frequency of cyclone fractionation didn’t give significant effect (α=0,05) on calcium oxalate level and whiteness degree of porang flour. The used of different filter size and frequency of cyclone fractionation gave significant effect on yields. It caused by the filter size only affect the particle size of the flour, while the cyclone fractionation was used to separate the finer partikel as the light fraction. The best treatment flour that chosen by Multiple Attribute method was the result flour of porang milling process using modified ball mill method with 36 mesh filter followed by 2 times cyclone fractionation. The selection of the best treatment was based on several parameters such as low calcium oxalate level, high whiteness degree, and high yields. The best treatment flour contained 0,13% of calcium oxalate level, 68,82 of whiteness degree, and 67,8% of yields
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2015/493/051508777 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | porang, ball mill, cyclone, kalsium oksalat, A.muelleri,-porang, ball mill, cyclone, calcium oxalate, A.muelleri |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Jan 2016 08:27 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Nov 2021 03:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/150418 |
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