Prasiddha, IsmizanaJati (2015) Potensi Senyawa Bioaktif Rambut Jagung (Zea mays L.) Hasil Fraksinasi Bertingkat Menggunakan Pelarut Organik untuk Tabir Surya Alami. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sunscreen atau tabir surya menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk melindungi kulit dari efek buruk paparan sinar matahari. Efektivitas tabir surya dinyatakan dengan nilai SPF (Sun Protection Factor) yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan berapa lama kulit dapat terpapar sinar matahari tanpa kulit jadi terbakar. Tabir surya mengandung senyawa yang memiliki ikatan terkonjugasi yang mampu menyerap sinar ultraviolet. Ikatan rangkap terkonjugasi tersebut akan mengalami resonansi selama terkena sinar ultraviolet. Rambut jagung yang merupakan limbah selama ini pemanfaatannya hanya sebagai obat tradisional kaya akan senyawa fenolik seperti flavonoid. Senyawa fenolik khususnya golongan flavonoid mempunyai potensi sebagai tabir surya karena adanya ikatan rangkap terkonjugasi yang mampu menyerap sinar ultraviolet sehingga rambut jagung diduga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan aktif tabir surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh jenis pelarut terhadap kandungan total fenol, flavonoid, dan karoten serta nilai SPF pada ekstrak rambut jagung dan juga untuk mengetahui bagaimana potensi senyawa bioaktif rambut jagung sebagai tabir surya alami. Metode yang digunakan adalah RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan kajian variasi pelarut. Uji yang dilakukan berupa uji fenol, flavonoid, dan karoten, serta uji penentuan nilai SPF dari setiap fraksi pelarut yaitu: fraksi larut etanol (E1), fraksi larut etanol – larut n-heksan (E2), fraksi larut etanol – larut etil asetat (E3), dan fraksi larut etanol – larut air (E4). Pada uji nilai SPF, terdapat kontrol berupa tabir surya komersial (K1), β-karoten (K2), dan quersetin (K3). Setiap uji dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Data yang diperoleh dilakukan analisa ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjut dengan uji lanjut BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) atau DMRT (Duncans Multiple Range Test) dengan selang kepercayaan 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi pelarut memberi pengaruh yang sangat nyata (α=0,01) terhadap hasil total fenol dan total flavonoid pada setiap fraksi. Pada total karoten, variasi pelarut berpengaruh sangat nyata pada fraksi larut etanol – larut n-heksan (E2) terhadap ketiga fraksi lain yaitu: fraksi larut etanol (E1), fraksi larut etanol – larut etil asetat (E3), dan fraksi larut etanol – larut air (E4). Hasil uji nilai SPF yang dilakukan pada konsentrasi 100 dan 1.000 ppm juga menunjukkan bahwa variasi pelarut berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap nilai SPF antar fraksi dan juga dengan ketiga kontrol yang digunakan. Berdasar hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa rambut jagung berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai tabir surya alami pada konsentrasi 1.000 ppm karena tergolong pada tipe proteksi ultra (nilai SPF>15). Hasil regresi multivariate secara keseluruhan untuk semua fraksi rambut jagung menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang sangat kuat antara variabel independen (total fenol, total flavonoid, dan total karoten) terhadap variabel dependen (nilai SPF). Dari hasil persamaan regresi, diasumsikan variabel bebas yang berpengaruh terhadap nilai SPF adalah flavonoid. Perlakuan terbaik dilihat pada nilai SPF tertinggi yaitu pada fraksi larut etanol – larut etil asetat (E3) dengan niali SPF 25,38 ± 2,88, total fenol sebesar 9.569,64 ± 1.494,01 mg/kg, total flavonoid sebesar 36,31 ± 3,85 mg/kg dan total karoten sebesar 41,18 ± 7,08 mg/kg.
English Abstract
Sunscreen has become one of alternate way to protect the skin from bad effect of sun exposure.The effectiveness of sunscreen is expressed by Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value that used to indicate how long the skin can be exposed to sunlight without the skin become burned. Sunscreen contains compounds which have conjugated double bonds that have the ability to absorb ultraviolet (UV) rays. The conjugated double bonds in these compounds will resonance as long as the exposure of UV rays. Corn silk which is a waste or byproduct from corn crop that all this time only used as a traditional medicine is rich of phenolic compounds especially flavonoids in which it has conjugated double bonds that are able to absorb ultraviolet rays. So allegedly corn silk has a potential for its use as a sunscreen. The purpose of this research is to determine how the influence of the solvent on the content of total phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenes and the SPF value on corn silk extract and also to find out how the potential of bioactive compounds in the corn silk for the use as a natural sunscreen.The experimental design that used is completely randomized design with studies of various types of solvents. Test was done by determination of total phenolics content, flavonoids content, and carotenes content as well as the determination of the SPF value of each fraction of the solvent, namely: fraction of ethanol soluble (E1), the fraction of ethanol soluble – n-hexane soluble (E2), the fraction of ethanol soluble – ethyl acetate soluble (E3), and the fraction of ethanol soluble – water soluble (E4). In the SPF value determination, there are controls that used in the form of commercial sunscreen (K1), β-carotene (K2), and quercetin (K3). Each test was repeated 4 times. The data obtained were performed analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with a further test LSD (Least Significant Difference) or DMRT (Duncans Multiple Range Test) with a confidence level of 1%. Results showed that the variation of solvent gave a highly significant influence (α = 0,01) to the total phenolics and also flavonoids content in each fraction. In total carotenes content, variation of solvents gave a highly significant in the fraction of ethanol soluble – n-hexane soluble (E2) to the three other factions which are: fraction of ethanol soluble (E1), the fraction of ethanol soluble – ethyl acetate soluble (E3), and the fraction of ethanol soluble – water soluble (E4). The results of SPF value that was conducted at concentrations of 100 and 1.000 ppm also showed that the variation of solvent gave a very significant effect on the SPF value between fractions and also with the three controls that used. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that corn silk potentially to be used as a natural sunscreen at a concentration of 1.000 ppm as it pertained to the type of ultra protection (SPF> 15). The result of multivariate regression showed that there’s a strong correlation between bioactive compounds and SPF value. It was assumed that flavonoids is the most influential to SPF value. The best result is the fraction of ethanol soluble – ethyl acetate soluble (E3) as the SPF value was the highest among other factions in the amount of 25,38 ± 2,88 with a total phenolics content of 9.569,64 ± 1.494,01 mg/kg, total flavonoids content of 36,31 ± 3,85 mg/kg and total carotenes content of 41,18 ± 7,08 mg/kg.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2015/43/051502267 |
Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
Date Deposited: | 23 Mar 2015 08:42 |
Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 17:09 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/150346 |
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