Ayu, PratiwiKusumaning (2013) Pemisahan Dan Pemurnian Komponen Minor Minyak Nilam Dengan Metode Destilasi Fraksinasi Vakum. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Minyak Nilam adalah minyak yang dibuat dari destilasi tanaman nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth). Saat ini minyak nilam merupakan komoditi ekspor unggulan Indonesia, dan menempati urutan pertama eksportir minyak nilam terbesar didunia. Sebagai penyuplai 90% kebutuhan minyak nilam dunia, harga minyak nilam saat ini mencapai Rp. 500.000/ liternya (Dewan Atsiri Indonesia, 2012). Saat ini minyak nilam hanya dimanfaatkan secara maksimal dalam pembutan parfum, sabun dan wewangian (Ramya, 2013). Padahal minyak nilam memiliki banyak komponen yang bukan hanya bisa dijadikan parfum saja, namun beberapa komponen minor yang memiliki ketidakjenuhan ikatan rangkap diduga dapat dijadikan antioksidan (Wu,2006) Selain itu komponen minor juga mengandung beberapa zat sebagai antikanker, antibakteri dan antiinflamasi (Huang, 2006). Salah satu metode pemisahan dan pemurnian yang mudah dan efisien adalah metode destilasi fraksinasi vakum menggunakan PiloDist 104 karena tidak perlu menggunakan pelarut maupun bahan kimia pembantu. Umpan sebanyak 2000 ml dengan refluks rasio 10/10 dan 10/1 di running dengan tekanan 0-1 mbar selama 2x24 jam. Beberapa analisis akan digunakan dalam mengetahui fraksi yang diuhasilkan yakni kemurnian dengan mempertimbangkan %Area pada GC (Gas Cromathography), Rendemen fraksi, Uji berat jenis dan Uji indeks bias. Hasil GC dan GCMS menunjukkan komponen mayor berupa Patchouli Alcohol sedangkan komponen minor yakni β-patchoulene dan δ-guaien. Dengan metode destilasi fraksinasi vakum pada refluks rasio 10/1 dengan tekanan 0-1 mbar diperoleh kemurnian tertinggi fraksi yang didominasi β- ii patchoulene 53.8%, fraksi yang didominasi δ-guaien 99.69% dan fraksi yang didominasi Patchouli Alcohol 77.24%. Sedangkan pada refluks rasio 10/10 dihasilkan kemurnian tertinggi fraksi yang didominasi β-patchoulene 35.56%, fraksi yang didominasi δ-guaien 96.68% dan fraksi yang didominasi Patchouli Alcohol 87.29%. Rendemen tertinggi dengan refluks rasio 10/1 yakni 0.85% (dominasi β-patchoulene), 0.9% (dominasi δ-guaien) dan 0.85% (dominasi Patchouli Alcohol). Rendemen tertinggi dengan refluks rasio 10/10 yakni 5.95% (dominasi β-patchoulene), 17% (dominasi δ-guaien) dan 10% (dominasi Patchouli Alcohol). Uji berat jenis menunjukkan bahwa β-patchoulen memiliki berat jenis teringan disusul oleh δ-guiaien kemudian berat jenis terberat ada pada patchouli alcohol (PA). Semakin berat komponen yang mendominasi suatu fraksi maka berat jenis akan semakin tinggi. Uji indeks bias juga sejalan dengan uji berat jenis yang menunjukkan bahwa β-patchoulen memiliki indeks bias terkecil dibandingkan δ-guaien dan PA menenmpati indeks bias terbesar dan melebihi minyak nilam. Variasi hasil Berat Jenis dan Indeks bias ini menandakan bahwa fraksi yang didominasi beberapa komponen benar- benar terpisah dan memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dengan bahan bakunya.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2013/257/051311007 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Dec 2013 14:08 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 02:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/149364 |
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