AdindaLailyMardiyansyah (2008) Perancangan Unit Pengolahan Tepung Ganyong Skala Mikro : studi kasus di Unit Usaha ”X” Desa Tawangsari Kecamatan Pujon). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ketergantungan terhadap terigu menyebabkan ketahanan pangan nasional rapuh. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan bahan pangan lain untuk mengurangi konsumsi terigu. Salah satunya adalah ganyong yang telah dibudidayakan di Desa Tawangsari, Pujon, Malang. Produksi ganyong tiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan sebesar 12,5%. Di desa ini ganyong telah diolah menjadi tepung salah satunya oleh unit usaha ”X”. Permasalahannya, tepung yang dihasilkan berwarna coklat sehingga menurunkan minat konsumen dan berakibat menurunnya jumlah produksi. Penurunan yang terjadi sekitar 16,7 % per tahun. Tepung ganyong memiliki keunggulan lebih tahan lama, praktis, mudah dicampur, diperkaya zat gizi, dan dibentuk daripada bentuk kukusan atau rebusan. Jika dibandingkan dengan patinya, tepung memiliki nutrisi yang lebih kompleks, pengolahan lebih mudah dan limbah yang dihasilkan lebih sedikit. Berdasarkan ketersediaan bahan baku, permasalahan dan keunggulan tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan perancangan unit pengolahan tepung ganyong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang unit pengolahan tepung ganyong skala mikro yang meliputi peningkatan kapasitas produksi, perbaikan proses produksi, penentuan kebutuhan mesin dan peralatan, dan kebutuhan biaya unit pengolahan tepung ganyong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas produksi unit usaha ”X” bisa ditingkatkan dari 50 kg ganyong/hari saat panen raya menjadi 70 kg ganyong/hari pada bulan bukan panen raya dan ditingkatkan lagi menjadi 140 kg ganyong/hari pada bulan panen raya. Peningkatan kualitas tepung ganyong didapatkan setelah dilakukan perbaikan proses yaitu dengan perendaman irisan dalam larutan Na-bisulfit 0,2% (b/v) selama 30 menit dilanjutkan denganpengeringan cabinet drier selama 5 jam suhu 60ºC. Pengolahan tepung ganyong membutuhkan mesin pengering cabinet drier dan penepung Disk mill. Peralatan yang dibutuhkan adalah timbangan, bak, pisau dan pengiris. Perancangan menghasilkan tepung ganyong dengan Harga Pokok Produksi sebesar Rp 3.423,2 dan harga jual sebesar Rp 4.200. Terjadi peningkatan keuntungan sebesar 16,5 % / tahun dibandingkan dengan tepung ganyong produksi Unit Usaha “X”. Break Even Point sebesar Rp 10.963.833 dan 2.611 unit. Kata kunci: perancangan, tepung ganyong, usaha skala mikro
English Abstract
The dependence of wheat flour caused the weakness of national food stability. So that, it was necessary to develop the other kinds of food in order to decrease wheat flour consumption. One of them was canna that planted regularly in Tawangsari Village, Pujon, Malang. Canna production increased 12,5% annually. In this Village, canna was processed became flour by several households, one of them was processing unit “X”. The problem was the flour its produced was brown so that decreased the consumer interest and the number of production. The decrease was about 16,7 % every year. Canna flour had advantages, that are more preserve, simple, easier to be mixed, fortificated, and shaped than steamed or boiled form. If it compared with starch, flour had more complex nutrition, easier processing and less waste. Based on raw material availability, the problems, and the advantages, the designing of canna flour processing unit needs to be done. The aim of this research was to design the canna flour processing unit in micro scale, include increasing the capacity production, improving the production process, determining the needs of machines and tools and establishing the cost of canna flour processing unit. The result of this research showed that production capacity of Processing Unit “X” can be increased from 50 kg canna/day became 70 kg canna/day at the time of non-big harvesting and 140 kg canna/day at the time of big harvesting. There was the quality improvement of canna flour after the process improvement, that was done by soaking of canna slices in Na-bisulfite solution 0,2% (b/v), 30 minutes and then drying in cabinet drier 5 hours, 60ºC. Machines that were used in canna flour production are cabinet drier dan disk mill. Tools that were used are balance, vessels, knifes and slicers. The designing resulted canna flour with Production Cost Price was Rp 3.423,20, selling price was Rp 4.200. there was 16,5 % of profit increase every year compared with canna flour produced byprocessing unit ”X”. Break Even Point was Rp 10.963.833 and 2.611 unit. Key word: the designing, canna flour, micro scale industry
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2008/32/050800639 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email repository.ub@ub.ac.id |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Apr 2008 08:38 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 07:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/148027 |
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