TejaH, Meidiana (2017) Perbandingan Metode Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dan Thornthwaite Mather Dalam Menentukan Indeks Kekeringan Pada DAS Rondoningu Kabupaten Probolinggo. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kekeringan adalah ketersediaan air yang jauh di bawah kebutuhan air untuk kebutuhan hidup, pertanian, kegiatan ekonomi dan lingkungan. Dalam penanganan bencana kekeringan, hal mendasar yang perlu diketahui adalah dimensi indeks kekeringan untuk mengetahui besarnya kekeringan di suatu daerah sebelum dilakukan manajemen pengelolaan kekeringan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dan Thornthwaite Mather. Metode SPI merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian kekeringan meteorologis yang dicirikan dengan kekurangan curah hujan sebagai indikasi pertama terjadinya bencana kekeringan sedangkan metode Thornthwaite Mather digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kekeringan pertanian yang dicirikan dengan kekurangan lengas tanah. Setelah perhitungan indeks kekeringan, dilakukan penggambaran peta sebaran kekeringan menggunakan interpolasi Kriging pada software ArcGIS. Untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara indeks kekeringan yang dihasilkan dengan keadaan di lokasi studi maka dilakukan perbandingan antara indeks kekeringan dengan data debit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puncak kekeringan metode SPI periode defisit 1 bulan terjadi pada bulan Januari dan April dengan kecamatan yang mengalami kekeringan yaitu Kecamatan Krejengan, Maron, Gading, dan Krucil. Pada periode defisit 3 dan 6 bulan puncak kekeringan terjadi pada bulan Desember di seluruh kecamatan. Pada periode defisit 12 bulan puncak kekeringan terjadi pada bulan Agustus dan Oktober di Kecamatan Pajarakan dan Kraksaan. Sedangkan pada metode Thornthwaite Mather, puncak kekeringan terjadi pada bulan September di seluruh kecamatan. Berdasarkan analisis kesesuaian antara indeks kekeringan dan debit, untuk metode Standardized Precipitation Index periode defisit 1 bulan prosentasi kesesuaian rata-rata sebesar 59,3% sedangkan metode Thornthwaite Mather prosentasi kesesuaian rata-rata sebesar 74,5%. Sehingga bisa disimpulkan bahwa perhitungan indeks kekeringan dengan metode Thornthwaite Mather memiliki tingkat akurasi yang lebih tinggi dibanding perhitungan dengan metode Standardized Precipitation Index.
English Abstract
Drought was a condition when water availability was far below water demand for necessities of domestic life, agriculture, economic activity and environment. The most fundamental thing to recognize during drought disaster was the dimension of drought index to examine the drought in a region before further management of drought was taken. This research using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Thornthwaite Mather methods. SPI method was used to identify the meteorological occurrence of the drought. The lack of rainfall was employed in this method as the first indication preceding the drought. Thornthwaite Mather method was utilized to identify farming drought characterized by the reduction of soil humidity. After measuring drought index, then drought spatial distribution map was made using the Kriging interpolation provided within ArcGIS Software. The conformity between the drought index and the condition of study location was understood by comparing between drought index and discharge data. Result of research indicated that the drought peak in SPI at 1-month deficit period was occuring on January and April at Krejengan, Maron, Gading and Krucil. At 3-month and 6-month deficit periods, drought peak occured on December affecting whole districts. In 12-month deficit period, drought peak remained on August for Pajarakan District and on October for Kraksaan. Meanwhile, in the case of Thornthwaite Mather method, drought peak took a place on September at the entire districts. Based on the analysis of conformity between drougth index and discharge data, it showed that Standardized Precipitation Index at 1-month deficit period had average conformity percentage of 59.3 %, whereas Thornthwaite Mather had average conformity percentage of 74.5%. It was concluded that drought index that was derived from Thornthwaite Mather had higher accuracy than that obtained from Standardized Precipitation Index.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FT/2017/215/051701465 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 627 Hydraulic engineering > 627.5 Reclamations, Irrigation, related topics > 627.52 Irrigation |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Pengairan |
| Depositing User: | Sugiantoro |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Mar 2017 11:00 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Oct 2021 09:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/145430 |
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