Karakteristik Nyala Api Pada Bunsen Burner Dan Slot Burner Dengan Bahan Bakar Butana

EkaKustiawan, Andhika (2016) Karakteristik Nyala Api Pada Bunsen Burner Dan Slot Burner Dengan Bahan Bakar Butana. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Pembakaran merupakan salah satu peran penting dalam industri, dikarenakan pembakaran merupakan salah satu sumber energi dari industri. Peran pembakaran saat ini belum bisa digantikan oleh sumber energi lainnya karena keuntungan dari energi pembakaran yang dapat diperoleh dengan sangat cepat. Seiring banyaknya penggunaan pembakaran dalam industri, saat ini perkembangan teknologi pembakaran mengarah kepada peningkatan kualitas serta efisiensi, dimana peningkatan efisiensi serta pengurangan dampak pencemaran lingkungan menjadi salah satu hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan. Berbagai upaya dilakukan guna mencapai tujuan tersebut, diantaranya melakukan pengembangan desain alat bakar baru, penggunaan konsep pembakaran dan bahan bakar. Bahan bakar yang marak dipasaran selain LPG yaitu butana. Butana merupakan gas yang populer digunakan sebagai bahan bakar untuk berbagai keperluan. Salah satu keuntungan butana adalah tingginya efisiensi bakarnya. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan proses pembakaran yaitu penelitian mengenai kecepatan api laminer Dalam penelitian ini diamati karakteristik nyala api pada bunsen burner dan slot burner dengan bahan bakar butana. Pada penelitian kali ini menggunakan dua burner, yaitu bunsen burner dan slot burner, dengan equivalence ratio dari 0.78 ; 0.94 ; 1.04 ; 1.24 ; 1.56 dan 2.6 dengan debit udara 0.3 NL/min; 0.5 NL/min ;0.625 NL/min 0.75 NL/min ; 0.875 NL/min ; 1 NL/min dan debit bahan bakar tetap 0.025 NL/min. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengambilan data sudut api dan tinggi api, setelah dapat dua data tersebut dapat diketahui kecepatan api laminernya. Lalu dilakukan pengambilan data juga mengenai temperature api ditengah api dan diujung api. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kecepatan api laminer ( SL) pada slot burner lebih besar daripada bunsen burner dikarenakan bentuk mulut burner yang berbeda sehingga menghasilkan sudut api di slot burner lebih besar. Tinggi api pada bunsen burner lebih tinggi daripada slot burner dikarenakan slot burner mempunyai panjang celah yang lebih besar dibandingkan bunsen burner, sehingga membuat kecepatan di tengah slot burner lebih rendah dibandingkan bunsen burner. Temperatur pada slot burner memiliki temperatur yang lebih tinggi daripada bunsen burner dikarenakan adanya quenching distance dikarenakan perbedaan bentuk mulut burner. Selain itu, semakin tinggi equivalence ratio maka kecepatan api laminer (SL) semakin menurun, tinggi api semakin menurun, sedangkan temperature nyala api meningkat sampai equivalence ratio mendekati 1 kemudian kembali menurun.

English Abstract

Arson is one of the important role in the industry, because the combustion is one source of energy from the industry. The role currently burning can superseded by other energy sources due to the advantage of the combustion energy can be obtained very quickly. Along with the large number of internal combustion industrial usage, current technological developments of combustion leads to improved quality and efficiency, which increased efficiency and reduction of the impact of environmental pollution being one of the things that need to be considered. Various efforts undertaken in order to achieve these objectives, including the development of a new fuel design tools, use concept of combustion and fuel. Frequently used fuels in the community besides LPG, namely butane. Butane is a popular gas used as fuel for a variety of purposes. One of the advantages of butane fuel efficiency is high. One way to improve combustion processes namely research on laminar flame speed. In this study observed characteristic the flame on a bunsen burner and burner slot with butane fuel. At this time, research using two-burner, i.e. bunsen burner and burner slots, with the equivalence ratio of 0.78; 0.94; 1.04; 1.24; 1.56 and 1.6 with air discharge 0.2 NL/min; 0.5 NL/min; 0625 NL/min 0.75 NL/min; 0875 NL/min; 1 NL/min and discharge fuel remains 0025 NL/min. Then conducted data capture high of fire and angle of fire, after two such data, can be known laminar flame speed. Then, data retrieval is performed also on temperature fire amid the fire and tanks on fire. Research results suggest that laminar flame speed (SL) on the slot burner larger than the bunsen burner due to the shape of the mouth resulting in a different burner angle slot in burner flames. Bunsen burner on flame height higher than the slot burner due to having long gaps larger than the bunsen burner so make the velocity of flow in the middle of slot burner lower than bunsen burner. The temperature on slot burner has a higher temperature than the bunsen burner due to the presence of quenching distance due to the difference in the shape of the mouth of the burner. In addition, the higher the equivalence ratio then the laminar flame speed (SL) declining, high fire declined, while the flame temperature increased up to equivalence ratio approaching 1 then decreases.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number: SKR/FT/2016/1032/051612690
Subjects: 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 621 Applied physics
Divisions: Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Mesin
Depositing User: Sugiantoro
Date Deposited: 09 Jan 2017 08:46
Last Modified: 21 Oct 2021 21:27
URI: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/144197
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