Haliimah, Mitya (2014) Taman Sensori pada Ruang Luar Autism Center di Kota Batu,. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tema skripsi diangkat karena jumlah kelahiran anak autis yang semakin pesat setiap tahunnya, termasuk di Kota Batu. Salah satu gangguan yang ada pada individu autis adalah gangguan sistem sensoris yang menyebabkan anak gagal respon dan tidak adaptif terhadap lingkungannya. Beberapa terapi yang dilakukan oleh individu autis dapat membantu sistem sensoris anak autis, namun terapi-terapi tersebut dilakukan di dalam ruangan dan belum banyak memanfaatkan ruang luar. Padahal, menurut beberapa peneliti, ruang luar berpengaruh positif bagi perkembangan anak, termasuk anak berkebutuhan khusus, serta menurunkan tingkat stress seseorang. Salah satu ruang luar yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah taman sensori. Taman sensori difokuskan untuk memberi berbagai pengalaman sensoris dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk belajar-mengajar, terapi, sampai rekreasi. Untuk pendidikan anak berkebutuhan khusus, taman sensori memberikan manfaat pada kedua murid dan terapis peluang untuk pembelajaran dua arah. Kota Batu, selain memiliki tingkat kelahiran anak autis yang cukup tinggi, memiliki alam yang masih segar dan jauh dari hiruk pikuk perkotaan. Maka dari itu, Kota Batu merupakan tempat yang potensial untuk perancangan autism center dengan konsep taman sensori yang masih belum banyak diterapkan di tempat lain Dari teori yang ada, terdapat dua parameter rancangan yaitu, parameter keamanan dan keselamatan, dan parameter terapi. Secara umum, terdapat ‘kriteria perancangan ruang luar’ yang didapatkan dari rangkuman teori-teori di buku maupun jurnal, serta studi komparasi. Kemudian secara khusus, terdapat ‘kriteria perancangan taman sensori’ yang didapat melalui proses analisis, dengan mempertimbangkan karakter-karakter dari anak autis hipersensitif dan hiposensitif yang berbeda. Karena perbedaan karakter antara kedua tipe anak tersebut, maka pemilihan material baik hardscape dan softscape, bentuk fisik, unsur-unsur, dan fitur taman untuk keduanya juga berbeda. Selain perbedaan zonasi, secara visual bentuk taman sensori di antara keduanya juga terpengaruh, yaitu area hiper cenderung terbentuk dari unsur-unsur melingkar/lengkung, sedangkan area hipo terbentuk dari unsur-unsur tegas.
English Abstract
The theme is raised because the number of autistic child birth rate is rapidly increasing every year, including in Batu. One of the existing problems in individuals with autism is a sensory system disorder that causes children fail to respond to the environment. Several therapies which are carried out by individuals with autism may help their sensory systems, but these therapies are taken place indoors and rarely take advantages of the outdoor space. In fact, according to some researchers, the outdoor space has positive effect on children development, including for children with special needs, as well as decreasing the stress level of a person. One of the outdoor space that can be designed is a sensory garden. Sensory garden is a garden that is focused to provide a variety of sensory experiences and can be used for learning, therapy, and recreation. For education for children with special needs, sensory gardens provide benefits to both students and therapists the opportunities for two-way learning. Batu, in addition to having high enough autistic child birth rate, has a fresh and sound environment, and away from the urban bustle. Therefore, Batu is potential to be the location of autism center with the concept of sensory garden which is still not widely applied elsewhere. In general, there is ‘outdoor space design criteria’ which is obtained from summarizing the theories in textbooks and journals, as well as case studies. Then in specific, there is sensory garden design criteria which is obtained through a process of analysis, considering the characters of children with autism that are different from hypersensitive to hyposensitive. From theories studied, there are two design parameters: parameter of security and safety, and parameter of therapy. These design criterias must be based on these two parameters to create a design that is safe and provides therapeutical benefit to the children. Because of the different characters between the two types of children (hypersensitive and hyposensitive), the selection of materials (hardscape and softscape), physical form, elements, and features for both areas are also different. In addition to differences in zoning, the form of both areas is also affected. For an example, visually, hyper area is formed from circular/curved elements, while the hypo area is formed from firm and segmental elements.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FT/2014/685/051407862 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 690 Construction of buildings |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Arsitektur |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Nov 2014 08:14 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 15:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/143013 |
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