Nurrahman, Mahendra (2018) Eksplorasi Jamur Tanah pada Lahan Tanaman Wortel dan Ketahanannya Terhadap Fungisida Berbahan Aktif Propineb. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kesuburan dan kualitas tanah dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya yaitu biologi tanah. Indikator sifat biologi tanah diantaranya aktifitas respirasi, mineralisasi tanah, biomassa biota tanah, dan biodiversitas tanah. Mikroorganisme tanah sebagai bagian dari biodiversitas tanah memiliki banyak peran penting dalam tanah. Salah satu mikroorganisme tanah yang berperan penting dalam menjaga kesuburan tanah yaitu sebagai dekomposer bahan organik contohnya jamur tanah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi jenis dan jumlah jamur tanah salah satunya input kimiawi sintetik. Input kimia yang sering digunakan oleh kelompok petani konvensional di Batu salah satunya ialah fungisida berbahan aktif Propineb. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji keanekaragaman jamur tanah di lahan organik dan lahan yang diaplikasikan fungisida berbahan aktif Propineb dan daya tahan jamur tanah terhadap fungisida berbahan aktif Propineb. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan mengambil sampel tanah di lahan tanaman wortel Agrotechno Park (ATP) Cangar Universitas Brawijaya dan Kelompok Tani Anjasmoro, Desa Sumber Brantas, Batu. Isolasi, purifikasi, dan determinasi jamur dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan Januari 2018 sampai dengan bulan April 2018. Metode pelaksanaan penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi survei, eksplorasi, dan komparasi. Petani ATP Cangar menerapkan sistem pertanian organik. Lahan yang diterapkan dengan sistem pertanian organik terdapat penambahan bahan input berupa pupuk kotoran ayam, seresah, dan plant growth promoting rhizobacter (PGPR) sedangkan Kelompok Tani Anjasmoro menerapkan sistem lahan konvensional yang diaplikasikan bahan kimia sintetik. Input yang digunakan yaitu pupuk kimia NPK dan fungisida berbahan aktif Propineb. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keanekaragaman jamur tanah lahan organik lebih tinggi dibandingkan lahan konvensional yaitu sebesar H’= 10,16 dan H’= 9,47. Proses budi daya, penggunaan pupuk kandang, PGPR, pupuk kimia sintetik, dan pengaplikasikan fungisida berbahan aktif Propineb dapat mempengaruhi keanekaragaman jamur tanah. Jamur dominan berdasarkan jumlah koloni di lahan organik yaitu Aspergillus sp. dan Scopulariopsis sp. sedangkan koloni di lahan konvensional yaitu Mucor sp. dan Acremonium sp. Uji peracunan fungisida dengan bahan aktif Propineb pada konsentrasi 2,5 ml/ liter PDA dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur tanah hingga 100% pada isolat O1 (Aspergillus sp.) dan isolat K6 (Acremonium sp.) dan aplikasi fungisida dapat menyebabkan stimulasi pada isolat O9 (Scopulariopsis sp.) dan isolat K4 (Mucor sp.) dengan konsentrasi 0,5 ml/ liter PDA. Pengaplikasikan fungisida secara terus menerus menyebabkan keanekaragaman jamur tanah menurun dan intensitas penyakit meningkat.
English Abstract
Soil fertility and quality can be affected by several which is soil biology. Indicator of soil biology are respiration activity, soil mineralization, soil biomass, and soil biodiversity. Soil microorganism as a part of biodiversity has important role in soil. One of the soil microorganism role in maintaining soil fertility is as a decomposer of organic material such as soil fungi. Affecting factor of the type and amount of soil fungi is anorganic chemical input. One of synthetic chemical input that used by Batu conventional farmers are fungicide with Propineb active compound. Aims of this research are discuss soil fungi diversity on organic land and land applied by fungicide with Propineb active compound and resilience of soil fungi against fungicide with Propineb active compound. This research was conducted by taking sample of soil on carrot land owned by Agrotechno Park (ATP) Cangar University of Brawijaya and Anjasmoro Farmers Group, Village of Sumber Brantas, Batu. Isolation, purification, and fungi determination were done at the Laboratorium of Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. This research began in January 2018 until April 2018. Methods of implementations used in this research were survey method, exploration, and comparison. ATP Cangar farmers were implement organic farming system. Inputs of land applied on organic farming system such as manure, organic cover tillage, and plant growth promoting rhizobacter (PGPR). Inputs of land applied on conventional farming system such as anorganic chemical fertilizer (NPK) and fungicide with Propineb active compound. Based on the research showed the diversity of soil fungi in organic land were higher than conventional land amounted H’= 10,16 and H’= 9,47. The process of cultivation, manure fertilizer, PGPR, anorganic chemical fertilizer, and fungicide with Propineb active compound can affect to diversity of soil fungi. Dominant fungi based on total colony of organic land were Aspergillus sp. and Scopulariopsis sp. But on conventional land were Mucor sp. and Acremonium sp. Poisoned food test with fungicide Propineb active compound on 2,5 ml/liter was affecting to growth of soil fungi up to 100% on O1 isolate (Aspergillus sp.) and K6 isolate (Acremonium sp.). Application of fungicide made resistance on O9 isolate (Scopulariopsis sp.) and K4 isolate (Mucor sp.) with concentrate 0,5 ml/ liter PDA. Continuous application of fungicide causes to decrease of soil fungi diversity and increase intensity of plant disease
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/455/051808131 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Penyuluh Pertanian, Petani, Pelatihan, Pertanian Organik |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.46 Soil biology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Nov 2018 01:46 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 06:12 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/13663 |
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