Hasni, GerryPradhanaArinal (2016) Pengaruh Media Tanam Alang-Alang Dan Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Sengon Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus Florida). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus florida) merupakan salah satu bahan makanan non kolesterol yang bergizi tinggi dan saat ini banyak diminati oleh masyarakat dari berbagai kelas (Jusuf, 2010). Kandungan gizi pada 100 g berat kering jamur tiram putih terdiri dari karbohidrat 57,6-81,8 g, protein 7,8-17,72 g, lemak 1-2,3 g, serat kasar 5,6-8,7 g, Ca 21 mg, Fe 32 mg, thiamin 0,21 mg, riboflavin 7,09 gram, dan jumlah energi sebesar 328-367 kal (Widyastuti dan Istini, 2004). Saat ini, penggunaan media tanam serbuk gergaji kayu sengon sudah menyebar luas di kalangan petani. Hal tersebut dikarenakan sengon memiliki struktur kayu yang keras dan banyak mengandung selulosa. Oleh karena stock serbuk gergaji kayu sengon yang terbatas dan semakin bertambahnya petani yang berbudidaya jamur maka diperlukan media tanam alternatif sebagai pengganti serbuk gergaji kayu sengon ini. Salah satu media tanam alternatif untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih ialah alang-alang. Alang-alang kaya akan kandungan selulosa dan lignin dimana zat-zat tersebut merupakan bahan yang diperlukan oleh jamur dalam jumlah banyak. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari pengaruh serta menemukan komposisi terbaik dari penggunaan alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) dan serbuk gergaji kayu sengon untuk media tanam jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus florida). Hipotesis dari penelitian ini ialah komposisi media tanam alang-alang 30% dan serbuk gergaji kayu sengon 50% memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus florida). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga September 2016 di CV. Damar Ayu yang berlokasi di Dusun Sonotengah, Desa Kebonagung, Kecamatan Pakisaji, Kabupaten Malang. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan 9 macam perlakuan yang masing-masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Masing-masing ulangan perlakuan terdapat 6 baglog, sehingga dari keseluruhan terdapat 162 baglog. Perlakuan yang digunakan ialah P1: alang-alang 80%, serbuk kayu sengon 0%; P2: alang-alang 70%, serbuk kayu sengon 10%; P3: alang-alang 60%, serbuk kayu sengon 20%; P4: alang-alang 50%, serbuk kayu sengon 30%; P5: alang-alang 40%, serbuk kayu sengon 40%; P6: alang-alang 30%, serbuk kayu sengon 50%; P7: alang-alang 20%, serbuk kayu sengon 60%; P8: alang-alang 10%, serbuk kayu sengon 70%; P9: alang-alang 0%, serbuk kayu sengon 80%. 20% sisanya untuk semua perlakuan sama yaitu bekatul 15% dan tepung jagung 5%. Parameter pengamatan yang dilakukan ialah lama penyebaran miselium, saat muncul badan buah pertama, waktu panen pertama, rata-rata diameter tudung buah, jumlah badan buah per baglog, total bobot segar badan buah, interval periode panen, dan frekuensi panen. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam perlakuan uji F pada taraf 5% (P = 0,05) dan ii apabila berpengaruh nyata diuji lanjut dengan uji beda nyata jujur (BNJ) dengan taraf p = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan alang-alang 30% dan serbuk gergaji kayu sengon 50% mampu meningkatkan hasil jamur tiram putih dilihat dari 5 parameter yakni saat muncul badan buah pertama, waktu panen pertama, jumlah badan buah per baglog, total bobot segar badan buah dan frekuensi panen. Parameter lama penyebaran miselium menunjukkan perlakuan alang-alang 40% : serbuk gergaji kayu sengon 40% yang lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lain sedangkan parameter rata-rata diameter tudung buah menunjukkan perlakuan alang-alang 10% : serbuk gergaji kayu sengon 70% dan alang-alang 70% : serbuk gergaji kayu sengon 0% yang memiliki diameter tudung buah yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Namun, untuk parameter interval periode panen menunjukkan hasil yang tidak nyata. Komposisi lignin dan selulosa yang tepat pada kombinasi perlakuan serbuk gergaji kayu sengon dan alang-alang sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendapatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi jamur tiram putih yang maksimal.
English Abstract
White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) is one of non-cholesterol food ingredients that nutritious and currently in great demand by people of various classes (Joseph, 2010). The nutrient contents in 100 grams dry weight of white oyster mushroom is composed of 57.6 to 81.8 grams carbohydrates, 7.8 to 17.72 grams of protein, 1 to 2.3 grams of fat, crude fiber 5.6 to 8.7 gram , 21 mg Ca, Fe 32 mg, 0.21 mg thiamin, riboflavin 7.09 grams, and the amount of energy equal to 328-367 cal (Widyastuti and Istini, 2004). Currently, the use of sawdust (Albizia chinensis) as growing medium are already widespread among farmers. That is because sawdust (Albizia chinensis) have hard wood structure and contains a lot of cellulose. Therefore the stock of sawdust (Albizia chinensis) are limited and the number of farmers that cultivate mushrooms are increasing would require alternative growing medium as a substitute for sawdust (Albizia chinensis). One alternative growing medium for the cultivation of white oyster mushroom is reed. Reed itself is rich in cellulose and lignin which those substances are required by mushroom in large quantities. The purpose of this study was to investigate and study the effect along with finding the best composition of the use of reed (Imperata cylindrica) and sawdust (Albizia chinensis) for growing medium of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida). The hypothesis of this study is the composition of growing medium reeds 30% and sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 50% give the best effect on the growth and yield of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida). This study was conducted from April to September 2016 in CV. Damar Ayu that located in the Sonotengah Hamlet, Kebonagung Village, Pakisaji subdistrict, Malang. The design used in this study was RCD (Randomized Completely Design) with nine kinds of treatments, each of treatments are repeated 3 times. There are 6 baglogs for each of treatments replication, so overall there were 162 baglog. The treatment consist of P1: reed 80%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 0%; P2: reed 70%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 10%; P3: reed 60%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 20%; P4: reed 50%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 30%; P5: reed 40%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 40%; P6: reed 30%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 50%; P7: reed 20%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 60%; P8: reed 10%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 70%; P9: reed 0%, sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 80%. The remaining 20% for all treatment are same, that are rice bran 15% and corn flour 5%. The parameter observations consist of deployment of mycellium, first fruit bodies appear, first harvest, the average diameter of hood fruit, the amount of fruit bodies per baglog, total of fresh fruit bodies, the interval period of harvest, and harvest frequency. The obtained data will be tested using analysis of variance F test treatment at the level of 5% (P =0.05) and if significally different will be tested using honestly significant difference test (HSD) with a level of p = 0.05 for further test. iv The results showed that treatment reed 30% and sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 50% able to increase the yield of white oyster mushroom based on five parameters which are first fruit bodies appear, first harvest time, the amount of fruit bodies per baglog, total fresh weight of fruit bodies and harvest frequency. The parameter of deployment of mycellium showed that treatment reed 40% and sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 40% faster than the other treatments while parameter of average diameter of hood fruit showed treatment reed 10% and sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 70% also reed 70% and sawdust (Albizia chinensis) 0% have a larger diameter of hood fruit compared with the other’s treatments. However, for the parameter of interval period of harvest showed no significant results. The right composition of lignin and cellulose on the combined treatment of sawdust (Albizia chinensis) and reed are needed to get the optimum growth and yield of white oyster mushroom.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/956/051613041 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2017 14:35 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 00:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131955 |
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