Nasution, Yaman Udayef (2018) Pengaruh Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pgpr) Terhadap Infeksi Cucumber Mosaic Virus (Cmv) Serta Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum Frutescens Linn.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Virus Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) merupakan virus utama pada tanaman cabai dan telah menyebar di berbagai daerah Indonesia. Serangan CMV pada tanaman menyebabkan nekrosis dan tanaman menjadi kerdil. Infeksi CMV memiliki berbagai gejala tergantung pada jenis spesies dan inang virus, namun gejala khas pada tanaman terinfeksi CMV adalah deformasi daun (yakni daun yang menyerupai tali sepatu) dan pertumbuhan tanaman menjadi kerdil. PGPR dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman bekerja melalui mekanisme ketahanan tanaman terinduksi Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) yakni suatu proses stimulasi ketahanan tanaman inang tidak secara langsung menghambat perkembangan virus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan dan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian aplikasi jenis PGPR Azotobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis dan Pseudomonas fluorecens secara tunggal atau kombinasi berpengaruh optimal dalam intensitas serangan Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) serta pertumbuhan dan produksi pada tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens). Metodologi penelitian dilakukan dengan melalui percobaan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan yang dilaksanakan di Rumah Kawat Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Variebel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah masa inkubasi virus CMV terhadap tanaman indikator, intensitas serrangan CMV pada tanaman cabai rawit, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun pertanaman dan produksi tanaman meliputi jumlah buah dan berat buah pertanaman. Hasil pengamatan yang didapat selanjutnya dianalisis keragaman data dengan uji F pada taraf 5%. Selanjutnya data yang signifikan dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dengan taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian tanaman indikator pada daun Chenopodium amaranticolor adalah lesio lokal, pada daun tanaman Gomphrena globosa. Gejala yang muncul malformasi dan Dahlia pinnata pada bagian daun tanaman yang diinokulasikan virus CMV tidak menunjukan gejala. Perlakuan pemberian isolat tunggal menunjukkan rerata masa inkubasi CMV paling tinggi yakni isolat P. fluorecens selama 15 hsi dan isolat tunggal B. subtilis sebesar 14 hsi. intensitas serangan CMV pada tanaman cabai rawit paling tinggi yaitu tanpa perlakuan PGPR yakni sebesar 23,28%. Tanaman cabai rawit dengan intensitas serangan yang paling terendah pada perlakuan PGPR isolat campuran B. subtilis, P. fluorecens dan Azetobacter sp sebesar 13.68%. tinggi tanaman cabai rawit dengan perlakuan PGPR Azetobacter sp dengan nilai tertinggi yakni 53,85 cm. Pada jumlah daun tanaman cabai menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap pemberian PGPR pada tanaman cabai rawit. Perlakuan kombinasi PGPR P. fluorecens + Azetobacter sp lebih memberikan pengaruh terhadap jumlah buah pada tanaman cabai rawit sebesar 27.33 pertanaman. Pada rerata bobot buah cabai rawit dengan dengan perlakuan PGPR P. fluorecens dan Azetobacter sp sebesar 24.57 gr dengan hasil tertinggi.
English Abstract
Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) is the main virus in chili plants and has spread in various regions of Indonesia. CMV attacks on plants cause necrosis and plants become stunted. CMV infection has a variety of symptoms depending on the type of species and host of the virus, but a typical symptom in CMV-infected plants is leaf deformation (ie leaves that resemble shoelaces) and plant growth to dwarf. PGPR in increasing plant resilience works through the mechanism of plant resistance induced by Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) which is a stimulation process of host plant resistance does not directly inhibit the development of the virus but rather increases the resistance of the plant itself by inducing plants to increase and or produce compounds that can inhibit pathogen development . The purpose of this study was to compare and determine the effect of application of Azotobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorecens types of PGPR in a single or combination optimal effect on the intensity of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) attacks and the growth and production of cayenne pepper Capsicum frutescens. This research methodology was carried out through a experiment using a completely randomized design with 8 treatments. Variables observed in this study were the incubation period of CMV virus on indicator plants, CMV intersection intensity on cayenne pepper plants, plant height, number of leaves of plants and crop production including the number of fruit and the weight of planting fruit. The results of the observations obtained are then analyzed for the diversity of data with the F test at the level of 5%. Furthermore, significant data was further tested by the Smallest Significant Difference Test (BNT) with a 5% error level. The results obtained from the study of indicator plants on the leaves of Chenopodium amaranticolor are local lesions, on the leaves of the Gomphrena globosa plant. Symptoms that appear malformation and Dahlia pinnata on the leaves of plants inoculated by CMV virus do not show symptoms. The treatment of single isolates showed the highest average CMV incubation period of P. fluorecens isolates for 15 his and a single isolate of B. subtilis by 14 after day inoculation . The highest intensity of CMV attacks on cayenne pepper was without PGPR treatment at 23.28% . In the lowest cayenne pepper crop with the lowest intensity of treatment in PGPR mixed isolates of B. subtilis, P. fluorecens and Azotobacter sp at 13.68%. the height of cayenne pepper plant with treatment of Azotobacter sp PGPR with the highest value of 53.85 cm. The number of leaves of chili plants showed that there was no significant effect on the administration of PGPR on cayenne pepper. The treatment of P. fluorecens + Azotobacter sp PGPR combination has more influence on the amount of fruit on the spicy cayenne pepper plants for 27.33 plants. The mean weight of cayenne pepper with PGPR treatment P. fluorecens and Azetobacter sp was 24.57 g with the highest yield.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/557/051809668 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pgpr), Cucumber Mosaic Virus (Cmv), Cabai Rawit (Capsicum Frutescens Linn.) |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.8 Virus diseases |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Feb 2019 03:29 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 13:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/13176 |
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