CitradiahBrBangun, Yohelsi (2016) Uji Daya Hasil Galur Buncis (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Berdaya Hasil Tinggi Dan Berpolong Ungu Di Dataran Tinggi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) adalah jenis tanaman sayuran yang dimanfaatkan polongnya. Buncis ialah salah satu sayuran sumber protein nabati yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Berdasarkan data BPS Indonesia (2015), produksi buncis di Indonesia mengalami fluktuasi dari tahun 2011 – 2014. Kondisi tersebut mendorong perlunya usaha peningkatan produksi buncis, salah satunya melalui pembentukan varietas baru berdaya hasil tinggi serta peningkatan kandungan gizi pada tanaman buncis. Pada Tahun 2012 telah dilaksanakan penelitian dengan melakukan persilangan antara buncis varietas lokal (sifat daya hasil tinggi) dengan buncis varietas introduksi (sifat warna polong ungu). Hasil persilangan tersebut diharapkan dapat menghasilkan varietas baru yang merupakan gabungan keunggulan sifat introduksi dan lokal yaitu berdaya hasil tinggi dan berpolong ungu. Saat ini penelitian tersebut telah mencapai generasi F6 dan perlu dilakukan uji daya hasil untuk melihat potensi hasil dari galur-galur harapan yang telah terpilih pada dataran tinggi sebagai lokasi pengujiannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui daya hasil galur tanaman buncis generasi F6 dengan sifat berdaya hasil tinggi dan berpolong ungu pada dataran tinggi serta mengetahui heritabilitas dan keragaman galur buncis polong ungu generasi F6 . Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai April 2016 di Desa Gesingan, Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu cangkul, meteran, timbangan analitik, jangka sorong, penggaris, RHS colour chart, kamera digital, mulsa serta alat tulis. Bahan tanam yang digunakan ialah 3 galur buncis berpolong ungu F6 (PQxGK-1-12-29, GIxPQ-12-2-18, dan GIxPQ-35-11-23) varietas Lebat 3 dan 3 tetua buncis (Purple Queen, Gilik Ijo dan Gogo Kuning) sebagai pembanding. Bahan lain yang digunakan ialah pupuk kandang ayam, urea, SP-36, KCl, insektisida dan fungisida. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sehingga terdapat 28 satuan percobaan. Karakter pengamatan yaitu karakter pengamatan kualitatif dan karakter pengamatan kuantitatif. Karakter pengamatan kualitatif yaitu warna standart bunga, warna dasar polong, intensitas warna dasar polong, tekstur permukaan polong, dan derajat kelengkungan polong. Karakter pengamatan kuantitatif yaitu umur awal berbunga (hst), umur awal panen (hst), jumlah klaster per tanaman, jumlah polong per klaster, jumlah polong per tanaman, panjang polong segar (cm), diameter polong segar (cm), jumlah biji per polong, bobot per polong segar (g), dan bobot polong per tanaman atau hasil (g). Analisis data menggunakan analisis ragam, pengujian data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf 5% dan apabila hasil uji F berpengaruh nyata maka akan diuji lanjut menggunakan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5 % serta pendugaan nilai heritabilitas dan ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur PQxGK-1-12-29, GIxPQ-12-2-18, dan GIxPQ-35-11-23 telah menunjukkan keseragaman dalam semua karakter kualitatif. Kategori nilai heritabilitas dan KKG pada galur PQxGK-1-12-29, GIxPQ-12-2-18 dan GIxPQ-35-11-23 yaitu rendah pada semua variabel pengamatan. Kategori nilai KKF pada beberapa variabel pengamatan ketiga galur yaitu rendah sampai sedang. Terdapat 2 dari 3 galur buncis generasi F6 berpolong ungu dalam kriteria daya hasil tinggi karena memiliki bobot polong pertanaman lebih tinggi dari varietas pembanding Lebat 3 (401,17 gram) yaitu GIxPQ-12-2-18 dan GIxPQ-35-11-23 dengan bobot polong pertanaman 584,35 gram dan 491,88 gram.
English Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a vegetable that is used pods for consumption. Common bean is one of vegetable protein consumed many Indonesian people. According to the BPS Indonesia (2015), the productivity of common beans in Indonesia has fluctuated from year 2011-2014. These conditions encourage the need for productivity improvement efforts common beans. One of the solution is through the establishment of new varieties with high yield and increasing the nutrient content in common bean plants. In 2012 has conducted research by conducting a cross between the local varieties of beans (with high yield) with the introduced varieties of beans (with purple pod). Results from crosses of these varieties is expected to produce a new variety that is a combination of characters featured from local and introduced varieties which high yield and purple pods. At this time the research has reached the F6 generation and yield trials need to be done to see the potential yield of lines that have been selected in the highlands as a test site. The purpose of this study is to determine the yield lines of common bean F6 generation to the nature of high yield and purple pods that have a good adaptation in the highlands and knowing the heritability and variability of common bean lines with purple pod F6 generation. The research was conducted from January to April 2016 in the village of Gesingan, Pujon, Malang. The tools used in this research that hoe, meter, analytical scales, calipers, rulers, RHS color chart, digital cameras, mulches and stationery. The planting material used is 3 lines of purple pod common bean F6 (PQxGK-1-12-29, GIxPQ-12-2-18, and GIxPQ-35-11-23), Lebat 3 and 3 elders plant of common bean (Purple Queen, Gilik Ijo and Gogo Kuning) as a comparison. Another material used is chicken manure, urea, SP-36, KCl, insecticides and fungicide. The design used in this study is a randomized block design (RAK) with 7 treatments and 4 replicates so that there are 28 experimental unit. Characters observations in a qualitative observations of character and the character of quantitative observations. Characters qualitative observation are color of standard flower, ground color of pod, intensity of ground color, texture of pod surface and degree of pod curvature. Characters observation quantitative are day of flowering (DAP), day of first harversting (DAP), total of cluster per plant, total of pod per cluster, total of pod per plant, length of pod (cm), diameter of pod (cm), total of seed per pod, weight per pod (g) and weight of pod per plant (g). Analysis of data using analysis of variance, the test data is done using the F test at 5% level, and if the test results F is significant will be tested further using Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) at 5% level and estimated heritability and variability. The results showed that the lines of PQxGK-1-12-29, GIxPQ-12-2-18, and GIxPQ-35-11-23 had shown uniformity in qualitative characters. The percentage value of Genotypic Variability Coefficient (GVC) and heritability is low. The percentage value of Phenotype Variability Coefficient (PVC) indicated of the three lines in all the categories of quantitative characters were observed are low and medium. There are 2 of the 3 lines of common bean with purple pods F6 generation with high yield criteria for weight of pod per plant which higher than Lebat 3 (401,17 grams) are GIxPQ-12-2-18 and GIxPQ-35-11-23 with a weight 584,35 grams and 491,88 grams.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/693/051609380 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugiantoro |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Nov 2016 09:39 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 04:02 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131702 |
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