WindiAprilia, Gethar (2016) Studi Viabilitas dan Fertilitas Serbuk Sari Mutan Mandarin SoE (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Hasil Radiasi Sinar Gamma. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jeruk tanpa biji merupakan karakter ekonomi yang penting yang diinginkan konsumsi buah segar. Selain tanpa biji, rasa serta ukuran dan ketebalan daging buah jeruk juga merupakan elemen penting dan sangat diharapkan. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan kultivar buah tanpa biji menjadi tujuan utama bagi pihak pemulia dan petani di seluruh dunia. Mutasi dengan sinar gamma telah digunakan untuk perbaikan varietas jeruk Mandarin terutama pada jeruk Keprok SoE dan ditujukan untuk memperbaiki karakter jumlah biji. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini, ingin diketahui pengaruh mutasi terhadap viabilitas dan fertilitas serbuk sari, dari setiap tanaman hasil perbanyakan vegetatif dari 5 aksesi terpilih. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, Batu Jawa Timur dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan pada bulan September 2015 hingga Desember 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis rancangan. Uji Viabilitas menggunakan nonfaktorial, sedangkan pada uji Fertilitas menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) dengan 5 kali ulangan. Tanaman yang diujikan terdapat 6 tanaman, diantaranya tanaman kontrol SoE, dan 5 tanaman aksesi, diantaranya aksesi 76.3; 76.27; 86.7; 86.6; dan 86.16. Uji fertilitas dikombinasikan dengan uji beberapa komposisi media. Media P1-P4 dan P6 adalah media dalam bentuk cair sedangkan media P5 dalam bentuk padatan. Komposisi media P1-P4 antara lain sukrosa, asam borat dan agar dengan perbandingan kadar sukrosa; 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Uji lanjut yang digunakan untuk uji viabilitas menggunakan uji lanjut BNT, sedangkan uji fertilitas dan pengukuran panjang tabung sari menggunakan uji lanjut BNJ dengan taraf 5%. Tanaman aksesi 76.3, 76.27, 86.7, 86.6, dan 86.16 memiliki rata-rata nilai viabilitas dan fertilitas lebih rendah apabila dibandingkan dengan tanaman kontrol SoE. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa mutasi dengan menggunakan radiasi sinar gamma sangat mempengaruhi tingkat viabilitas dan fertilitas serbuk sari. Penurunan nilai viabilitas dan fertilitas pada tanaman aksesi menyebabkan rendahnya jumlah biji pada buah jeruk dari tanaman aksesi tersebut. Nilai viabilitas yang terendah terdapat pada tanaman aksesi 76.3. Nilai untuk uji fertilitas dan panjang tabung yang terendah adalah pada tanaman aksesi 86.16, dan dibandingkan dengan rata – rata jumlah biji terendah juga terdapat pada tanaman aksesi 86.16.
English Abstract
Seedless is an important economic character on citrus for fresh fruit consumption. Besides seedless, taste, size and thickness of the flesh of citrus fruits are also important elements. Therefore, the development of seedless fruit cultivars become a major goal for breeders and farmers in the whole world. Mutation with gamma rays has been used for the improvement of varieties of citrus Mandarin C.V. SoE wich was aimed to reduce seed number. In this study, we want to know the effect of the mutation on pollen viability and fertility of each plant resulted from vegetative propagation of five selected accessions. The research was conducted at the Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI), Batu East Java. This study was conducted over three months starting from September 2015 to December 2015. This study used two types of design. Viability tests used non factorial completely randomized design, whereas fertility test used factorial completely randomized design with 5 replications. Plants that were tested contained 6 plants, including SoE control plants, and 5 plant accessions, including 76.3; 76.27; 86.7; 86.6; and 86.16.Test fertility combined with of test some media composition. Media P1-P4 and P6 were media in liquid form while the P5 medium was in solid form. Media composition P1-P4 included sucrose, boric acid and that the ratio of sucrose content; 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Viability test used LSD, while fertility test and pollen tube length used HSD, with a level of 5%. Plant accession had viability and fertility lower than SoE as control. This proves the administration of gamma ray obviously affected the viability and fertility of pollen. An impairment viability and fertility in plants accession caused a low number of seeds in citrus fruits from plants accession. Lowest of viability value from accession plants was 76.3. Lowest value of fertility and tube length was 86.16 accession plants, and compared with the average - the lowest average number of seeds are also present in the plant accessions 86.16.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/584/051609236 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugiantoro |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Nov 2016 09:12 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 14:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131594 |
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