DykaWahyuSetiawan (2016) Pengaruh Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskula (Jma) Terhadap Kandungan Nutrisi Daun Tanaman Jagung Dan Aktivitas Makan Spodoptera Litura (Fabricius). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman memiliki suatu ketahanan terhadap serangan hama. Ketahanan tanaman ini bisa ditingkatkan dalam hal toleransi tanaman, salah satunya dengan pemanfaatan mikoriza. Mikoriza memiliki kemampuan untuk meningkatkan nutrisi tanaman sehingga berpengaruh terhadap toleransi tanaman saat terjadi serangan herbivora. Penelitian terkait hubungan mikoriza dalam hal ketahanan tanaman terhadap herbivora perlu untuk dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh mikoriza terhadap kandungan nutrisi daun tanaman jagung dan aktivitas makan larva S. litura. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Nopember 2015 sampai dengan April 2016 di greenhouse dan sublaboratorium Entomologi Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu perlakuan dosis mikoriza, antara lain kontrol, 10 g, 20 g, 30 g dan 40 g mikoriza. Variabel pengamatan pada penelitian ini yaitu infeksi mikoriza, nutrisi daun, dan indeks nutrisi larva. Parameter pengamatan pada penelitian ini yaitu kerapatan spora mikoriza, persentase infeksi mikoriza, kandungan proksimat daun (kandungan protein, karbohidrat, lemak, abu, dan air), berat daun uji, berat larva, berat kotoran larva, dan luas daun yang dimakan larva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis mikoriza berpengaruh nyata terhadap infeksi mikoriza yang ditimbulkan. Infeksi tertinggi pada perlakuan 40 g mikoriza dengan hasil rata-rata persentase infeksi sebesar 46,4%. Infeksi terendah pada perlakuan 10 g mikoriza dengan hasil rata-rata persentase infeksi 25,6%. Perlakuan dosis mikoriza pada penelitian ini tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kandungan nutrisi daun jagung, luas daun yang dimakan, berat kotoran larva dan indeks nutrisi larva S. litura. Kandungan protein di daun pada perlakuan kontrol sebesar 3,24% sedangkan pada perlakuan 40 g mikoriza sebesar 3,52%. Kandungan karbohidrat di daun pada perlakuan kontrol sebesar 16,42% sedangkan pada perlakuan 40 g mikoriza sebesar 16,09%. Kandungan lemak di daun pada perlakuan kontrol dan 40 g mikoriza sebesar 0,26%. Hasil uji proksimat daun dari semua perlakuan menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi tetapi setelah dianalisa memberikan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata. Pemberian mikoriza tidak berpengaruh terhadap luasan daun yang dimakan, dimana perlakuan kontrol memberikan hasil 50,708 kotak sedangkan perlakuan 40 g sejumlah 52,238 kotak. Hasil perhitungan laju pertumbuhan relatif larva pada kontrol memberikan hasil 0,01222 sedangkan pada perlakuan 40 g mikoriza memberikan hasil 0,01221. Laju konsumsi relatif larva pada kontrol memberikan hasil 0,04140 sedangkan pada perlakuan 40 g mikoriza memberikan hasil 0,03924. dan perkiraan makanan yang dicerna pada kontrol memberikan hasil 70,44867 sedangkan pada perlakuan 40 g mikoriza memberikan hasil 68,63336. Hasil perhitungan indeks nutrisi larva menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata.
English Abstract
Plants have resistance from pests attack. The resistance of plants can be increased through the mechanism tolerance of plant by using mycorrhizae. Mycorrhiza has ability to increase plant nutrition so it influenced the tolerance of plant from herbivores attack. The research about relation of mycorrhiza against plant resistance from herbivores attack is needed to do. The aim of this research was to know the effect of mycorrhiza against nutrition content of corn leaves and feeding habit of S. litura. The research was conducted from November 2015 until April 2016 at greenhouse and Sub laboratory of Entomology, Department of Pest and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. This research consisted of 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments of this research were control, 10 grams, 20 grams, 30 grams and 40 grams dosage of mycorrhiza. The variable observation of this research were mycorrhiza infection, nutrient content of leave, and nutritional indices of S. litura larvae. The parameter observation of this research were spore density of mycorrhiza, percentage of infection, proximate content of leave (protein, carbohydrate, fat, ash, and water), weight of leave tested, weight of larvae, weight of larvae feces, and weight of leave area eaten by larvae. The results of this research showed that dosage of mycorrhiza significantly effect in mycorrhiza infection. The highest infection in 40 grams mycorrhizae dosage treatment with the average percentage of infection was 46,4%. The lowest infection in 10 grams mycorrhizae dosage treatment with the average percentage of infection was 25,6%. The dosage of mycorrhiza in this research did not give effect to nutritient content of corn leave and nutritional indices of S. litura larvae. Protein content in control treatment leave was 3,24% and 40 grams mycorrhizae dosage treatment leave was 3,52%. Carbohydrate content in control treatment leave was 16,42% and 16,09% in 40 grams mycorrhizae dosage treatment leave was 16,09%. Fat content in control treatment leave and 40 grams mycorrhizae dosage treatment leave was 0,26% . The content of protein, carbohydrate, and fat in the leave (result of leave proximate) showed varying results but not give different effect. The mychorrhiza treatment of this research did not give effect to leave area eat by S. litura larvae and nutritional index of S. litura larvae. Control treatment showed that larvae can ate 50,708 part and in the 40 gram mychorrhizae dosage treatment showed that larvae can ate 52,238 part of leaf. The result nutritional indices of S. litura larvae showed that control treatment has relative growth rate (RGR) value about 0,01222 and 0,01221 in 40 grams mychorrhizae dosage treatment. The relative consumption rate (RCR) value in control treatment about 0,04140 and 0,03924 in 40 grams mycorrhizae dosage treatment. The digested food estimate (AD) value in control treatment about 70,44867% and 68,63336% in 40 grams mycorrhizae dosage treatment. The nutritional indice of S. litura larvae showed no different results after analyzed.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/522/051609209 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Sugiantoro |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Oct 2016 10:51 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 12:40 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131527 |
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