IkaWulandari, Dewinda (2016) Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Fosfat Dan Mikoriza Terhadap Infeksi Turnip Mosaic Virus (Tumv) Pada Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa Subsp. Chinensis (L.) Hanelt). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pakcoy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt) merupakan sayuran yang memiliki potensi untuk terus dikembangkan dilihat dari aspek ekonomi dan bisnis. Gangguan pertumbuhan pada tanaman pakcoy dapat disebabkan oleh Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) yang telah mengakibatkan gagal panen pada lahan budidaya caisim dengan persentase kejadian penyakit sebesar 100%. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan infeksi TuMV ialah melalui penyediaan unsur hara fosfor (P) bagi tanaman. Kebutuhan unsur P dapat dipenuhi dengan pemberian pupuk fosfat jenis SP-36 serta pemanfaatan mikroba pelarut P yaitu mikoriza. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk SP-36 dan mikoriza terhadap intensitas penyakit akibat TuMV, pertumbuhan, serta produksi tanaman pakcoy. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret–Juni 2016 di Rumah Kawat Universitas Widyagama Malang dan Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan berupa pemberian pupuk SP-36 dan mikoriza secara tunggal, serta kombinasi keduanya. Data dianalisis dengan uji F taraf 5% dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT taraf 5%. Infeksi TuMV pada tanaman pakcoy ditandai dengan gejala mosaik dan klorosis, serta diikuti gejala melepuh, vein clearing, dan vein banding pada daun. Masa inkubasi TuMV pada tanaman pakcoy berkisar selama 6,33-9,00 HSI, namun keseluruhan perlakuan menunjukkan pengaruh yang sama dengan kontrol terhadap masa inkubasi. Pemberian pupuk SP-36 dan mikoriza memberikan pengaruh terhadap intensitas penyakit akibat infeksi TuMV. Pemberian pupuk SP-36 secara tunggal dengan dosis 200 kg/ha mampu menurunkan infeksi TuMV dengan rerata intensitas penyakit sebesar 14,81% dibandingkan dengan kontrol yang menunjukkan rerata intensitas penyakit sebesar 32,84%. Tidak adanya pengaruh dari inokulasi mikoriza dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya infeksi mikoriza pada akar tanaman pakcoy yang memiliki kisaran persentase 1,33-21,33%. Pemberian mikoriza dan pupuk SP-36 baik tunggal maupun kombinasinya belum dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, luas daun, dan bobot basah tanaman yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kontrol.
English Abstract
Pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt) is a kind of vegetables that has potential to be developed as seen from the economic and business aspect. The growth disorder on Pak Choi can be caused by Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) which has caused the lost crops on the caisim cultivation areas with the percentage of infection amount of 100%. One of the ways that can be done to decrease the infection of TuMV is through the provision of phosphorus nutrient (P) for plants. The needs of phosphorus nutrient can be filled by the provision of SP-36 phosphate fertilizer and the usage of mychorriza. The purpose of this research was to know the influence of combination SP-36 phosphate fertilizer and mycorrhiza toward TuMV infection, growth, and pak choi production. This research was conducted on March until June, 2016 in the Screen House in University of Widyagama Malang and in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Pest and Plant Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. This research used the provision of Complete Randomized Design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments which were used were the provision of SP-36 phosphate fertilizer, the provision of mycorrhiza singularly, and also the combination of those treatments. The data were analyzed by F test on the scale of 5%, and if it showed significant differences, it would be continued with the DMRT test on the scale of 5%. The infection of TuMV on pakcoy were marked by the mosaic and clorotic symptoms. It was also marked by the blister symptom, vein clearing, and vein banding on the leaves. The TuMV incubation was about 6,33-9,00 days after inoculation, but the whole treatments did not show the different influence than control on incubation. The provision of SP-36 phosphate fertilizer and mycorrhiza affected the intensity of TuMV infection. The provision of SP-36 fertilizer singularly with the dosage of 200 kg/ha could decrease the infection of TuMV with the average of infection intensity amount of 14.81% compared with the control which showed the average of infection intensity amount of 32.84%. The absence of influence on mychorriza inoculation was affected by the low of mycorrhiza infection on the root of pak choi which had infection on the average around 1.33-21.33%. At last, the provision of mycorrhiza and SP-36 fertilizer either as singular or combination could not increase the height of the plant, the width of the plant, and the wet weight of the plant better than control.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/512/051609199 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Sugiantoro |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Dec 2016 14:36 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 12:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131516 |
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