Nurudin., A. Zaid (2018) Potensi Jamur Entomopatogen Pada Rizosfer Tanaman Kedelai Untuk Pengendalian Hama Pengisap Polong Riptortus Linearis L. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Rizosfer adalah habitat yang baik untuk pertumbuhan mikroorganisme, karena menyediakan sumber nutrisi dan melindungi mikroorganisme tanah dari radiasi ultraviolet (Bruck, 2010). Mikroorganisme tanah, khususnya jamur entomopatogen memberi keuntungan bagi pertumbuhan tanaman dengan membantu menekan populasi serangga hama. R. linearis adalah hama pada tanaman kedelai yang menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 80%. Pengendalian R. linearis yang dilakukan petani adalah menggunakan insektisida sintetik dengan dosis yang tidak sesuai anjuran. Aplikasi insektisida sintetik dengan dosis tidak sesuai anjuran dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif seperti resistensi, resurjensi, dan pencemaran lingkungan. Pengendalian dengan prinsip pengelolaan hama terpadu (PHT) merupakan solusi untuk mengendalikan hama R. Linearis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Malang, Jawa Timur pada bulan Maret- Juni 2018. Pengambilan sampel tanah diambil dari rizosfer tanaman kedelai di Balai Penelitian Aneka Kacang dan Umbi (BALITKABI) Malang. Eksplorasi jamur entomopatogen dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikologi. Perbanyakan R. linearis dilakukan di Laboraturium Rearing Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Metode isolasi dilakukan dengan cara pengenceran bertingkat dan umpan serangga menggunakan larva Tenebrio molitor. Pengujian patogenisitas isolat jamur terhadap imago R. linearis menggunakan kerapatan suspensi jamur 106 dengan 13 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil identifikasi genus jamur rizosfer tanaman kedelai didapatkan sebanyakan 12 jamur yang terdiri 4 jamur dari metode insect bait dan 8 dari metode dilution plate. Genus jamur yang didapatkan yaitu Penicillium, Acremonium, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Scopulariosis, dan Metarhizium. Pengamatan pada hari ke-10 menunjukkan mortalitas R. linearis tertinggi pada perlakuan jamur Fusarium 2 dengan persentase sebesar 68,5%, diikuti oleh Metarhizium sebesar 62,96%. Sedangkan perlakuan genus jamur yang menghasilkan mortalitas paling rendah adalah Penicillium 2,96%.
English Abstract
Rizosphere is a good habitat for the growth of microorganisms, as it provides a source of nutrients and protects soil microorganisms from ultraviolet radiation (Bruck, 2010). Soil microorganisms, particularly entomopathogenic fungi, provide benefits for plant growth by helping to suppress insect pest populations. R. linearis is a pest in soybean plants that can cause yield loss up to 80%. Controlling R. linearis by farmers is using synthetic insecticides with doses that are not as recommended. Application of synthetic insecticides conducted with doses is not as recommended can cause various negative impacts such as resistance, resurgence, and environmental pollution. Alternative control is needed with the principle of integrated pest management (IPM). This research was conducted in Malang City, East Java in March-June 2018. The sampling of soil was taken from the rhizosphere of soybean plant in Balai Aneka Kacang dan Umbi (BALITKABI) Malang. Exploration of entomopathogenic fungi was performed in the Mycology Laboratory. Propagation of pest R. linearis was performed in Rearing Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The isolation method is performed by a dilution method and insect bait method with used Tenebrio molitor larvae. Tests of pathogenicity of fungal isolates against R. linearis imago using density of suspension 106 with 13 treatments and 3 replications. The result of identification was obtained 12 genus fungi in rhizosphere of soybean plant consisting of 4 fungi from insect bait method and 8 from dilution plate method. There are seven genus of fungi are Penicillium, Acremonium, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Scopulariosis, and Metarhizium. Observations on the 10th day showed that the highest mortality R.linearis was produced by Fusarium 2 treatment with a percentage of 68,05%, followed by Metarhizium at 62,96%. While the treatment that produced the lowest mortality was from the genus Penicillium 2,96%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/539/051809650 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Jamur Entomopatogen, Pengendalian Hama, Tanaman Kedelai, Riptortus Linearis L |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.9 General topics of pest and disease control |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Oct 2018 01:51 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 12:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/13136 |
Preview |
Text
A. ZAID NURUDIN.pdf Download (4MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |