Fatmayanti, Nadya (2015) Respon Tiga Varietas Kedelai (Glycine Max (L.) Merill) Pada Inokulasi Rhizobium. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Rendahnya produksi kedelai lokal menyebabkan semakin tergantungnya masyarakat pada kedelai impor. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kedelai, diperlukan upaya peningkatan produksi dalam negeri melalui penggunaan varietas unggul. Peningkatan produksi kedelai dapat didukung dengan inokulasi Rhizobium karena dapat membentuk bintil akar yang berfungsi dalam pengikatan nitrogen yang akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan dosis inokulasi Rhizobium terbaik bagi pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga varietas kedelai serta untuk mempelajari pengaruh inokulasi bakteri Rhizobium terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga varietas kedelai. Semakin besar ukuran biji kedelai, semakin besar pula dosis inokulan yang dibutuhkan kedelai tersebut adalah hipotesis dari penelitian ini. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Desa Karangduren, Kecamatan Pakisaji, Kabupaten Malang pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2015. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cangkul, sabit, papan perlakuan, tugal kayu, gembor, meteran, sendok plastik, ember, timbangan, oven, kamera, alat tulis, dan kalkulator. Sementara bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu benih kedelai varietas Grobogan, Wilis, dan Gepak Kuning, Legin Rhizobium japonicum, larutan gula, pestisida, dan pupuk dasar berupa Urea, SP 36, dan KCl. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan, faktor I yaitu varietas, terdiri dari 3 jenis: Grobogan (V1), Wilis (V2), dan Gepak Kuning (V3), sedangkan faktor II yaitu inokulasi Rhizobium yang terdiri dari 4 taraf: tanpa inokulasi (R0), 3 g kg-1 benih (R1), 5 g kg-1 benih (R2), dan 7 g kg-1 benih (R3). Dari kedua faktor tersebut didapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan. Perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 36 satuan percobaan. Pengamatan meliputi parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil. Parameter pertumbuhan terdiri dari tinggi tanaman, jumlah bintil akar efektif, dan jumlah buku subur. Parameter hasil terdiri dari jumlah polong isi per tanaman, bobot kering biji per tanaman, bobot 100 biji, dan hasil panen. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis ragam.Jika didapatkan hasil F hitung yang berbeda nyata maka dilakukan analisis lanjutan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran biji pada masing-masing varietas tidak menentukan tinggi rendahnya dosis inokulan Rhizobium yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Inokulasi Rhizobium dengan dosis 0 g kg-1 benih hingga 7 g kg-1 benih menunjukkan peningkatan hasil yang linear pada seluruh parameter pengamatan. Perlakuan varietas dengan inokulasi Rhizobium mampu jumlah bintil akar efektif pada umur 21, 28, dan 49 HST berturut-turut sebesar 61,19%, 58,42%, dan 62%. Inokulasi Rhizobium dengan dosis 7 g kg-1 benih mampu meningkatkan hasil panen hingga 37,30% dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa inokulasi. Berdasarkan peningkatan hasil tersebut, didapatkan dosis inokulan terbaik pada masing-masing varietas yaitu dosis inokulan Rhizobium 7 g kg-1 benih.
English Abstract
The low production of soybeans affects the dependence on imported soybeans. To fulfill the demands of soybeans, it is important to do any efforts through the use of superior varieties. The increasing of soybeans production can be supported by Rhizobium inoculation because it can form nodules which are important in nitrogen fixation. This nitrogen fixation will help soybean to absorb N for its vegetative stage which will support its growth. So it is needed to have an observation to study the responses of three soybeans varieties to Rhizobium inoculation. The purposes of this research were to study the effect of Rhizobium bacteria inoculation to three soybeans varieties and also to obtain the best Rhizobium bacteria inoculation dosage to three soybean varieties. The bigger size of soybean seeds, the more doses of Rhizobium would be needed for its growth was the hypothesis of this research. The research had taken place at Karangduren Village, Pakisaji Sub-district, Malang District in March until June 2015. Tools were used in this research consist of hoe, sickle, treatment boards, dibber (pointed wooden stick), sprayer, measuring tape, plastic spoon, bucket, analytic scales, oven, camera, stationeries, calculator, and any other tools complemented to this research. While the materials of this research were Grobogan, Wilis, and Gepak Kuning soybean seeds, Rhizobium japonicum as legume inoculant, glucose water, Mipcinta 50 WP as pesticide, Urea, SP 36, and KCl fertilizers. This research used The Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was Varieties (V), consisted of Grobogan (V1), Wilis (V2), and Gepak Kuning (V3). The second factor was Rhizobium bacteria inoculation (R), consisted of control or without inoculation (R0), 3 g kg-1 seeds (R1), 5 g kg-1 seeds (R2), and 7 g kg-1 seeds (R3). By those factors, there were 12 treatment combinations obtained with 3 replications per treatment combinations and resulted 36 experiment units. The observation divided to two categories, growth components and yield components. The growth components consisted of plant height, numbers of effective nodules, and numbers of fertile nodes. The yield components consisted of numbers of filled pods per plant, weight of dried seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and yields. The collected data in this research were analyzed in analysis of variance. If the result of F test was significantly different, it would be continued to Least Significant Different (LSD) test in 5% level. The results showed that the size of soybean seeds did not determine the higher or lower dosage was needed by plant, however the doses of 0 g kg-1 seeds to 7 g kg-1 seeds showed linear outcomes on all parameters. The treatments of varieties and Rhizobium inoculation were capable of increasing numbers of effective nodules on 21, 28, 49 DAP in sequence for 61,19%, 58,42%, and 62%. The inoculation of Rhizobium with the doses of 7 g kg-1 seeds was the best dosage of all treatments because of its capability to increase the yield up to 37,30% compared to without inoculation treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/908/ 051509588 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jan 2016 15:06 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jan 2016 15:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130957 |
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