Wibowo, MohArik (2015) Pengaruh Macam Pupuk Organik Dan Dosis Npk Pada Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L) familI Lilyceae ialah komoditas sayuran rempah, produktifitas bawang merah di Indonesia belum stabil antara 9,28 ton ha-1 hingga 10,22 ton ha1, kesuburan lahan merupakan faktor penentu dalam peningkatan produktifitas bawang merah, dari hasil penelitian Setyorini (2005) bahwa sebagian besar lahan pertanian di Indonesia yang berupa lahan kering maupun lahan sawah, memiliki bahan organik yang rendah yaitu < 2%, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penambahan bahan organik kedalam tanah untuk dapat meningkatkan produktifitas pertanian. Penggunaan pupuk kimia anorganik yang berlebihan juga dapat menyebabkan ketergantungan terhadap pupuk dan mengurangi kesuburan tanah, selain itu jumlah pupuk kimia anorganik semakin sulit untuk didapat oleh petani karena bahan baku pembuatannya yang tidak dapat diperbarui. Upaya dalam meningkatkan produktifitas dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan bahan organik tanah yang berupa pupuk kotoran ternak, kompos dan pupuk hijau, yang dapat meningkatkan sifat fisik, biologi serta kimia tanah, perbaikan sifat tersebut searah dengan kebutuhan tanaman yang mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktifitas tanaman. Menurut Atmojo (2003) penambahan bahan orgaanik selain menambah pasokan unsur hara tanah juga penting dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah yang mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman. Percobaan dilakukan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya di Desa Jatikerto Kecamatan Kromengan Kabupaten Malang. dengan keadaan tanah terdapat C-organik 1,2%. Percobaan dilakukan bulan Februari–Mei 2015. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAK F) dengan 2 faktor yaitu macam pupuk organik (P) dengan empat taraf yaitu organik kotoran ayam, kotoran sapi, C. juncea dan paitan dengan perlakuan dosis NPK (N) dengan tiga taraf yaitu dosis NPK 75%, 50%, dan 25%. setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi variabel jumlah daun, luas daun, berat kering total tanaman, Laju pertumbuhan tanaman, Indeks Luas Daun, bobot umbi per rumpun, bobot umbi per meter. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisa ragam (uji F) dengan taraf 5%. Hasil analisis ragam yang berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil pada taraf 5 %. Percobaan menunjukan terjadi interaksi antara jenis pupuk kandang dengan dosis NPK terlihat pada parameter jumlah daun, luas daun, indeks luas daun, bobot kering total tanaman, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, bobot umbi per rumpun, bobot umbi per meter, Berdasarkan bobot umbi per meter pada perlakuan kotoran ayam dengan dosis NPK 50% (217,5 kg urea ha-1, 125 kg SP36 ha-1, 83,5 kg KCl ha-1) memberikan hasil 1523 gram m-2 lebih baik 8,8% dari diskripsi bawang ii merah varietas bauji dengan produksi umbi 13 - 14 t ha-1 atau 1300 – 1400 gram per m-2, sehingga dengan pemberian kotoran ayam 20 t ha-1 dapat menurunkan pemberian dosis NPK hingga 50% (217,5 kg urea ha-1, 125 kg SP36 ha-1, 83,5 kg KCl ha-1).
English Abstract
Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L) family Liliaceae is a commodity vegetable spices, shallot productivity in Indonesia has not been stable between 9.28 t ha-1 to 10.22 t ha-1, soil fertility is a determining factor in increasing the productivity of shallot, the results of research Setyorini (2005) that most of the agricultural land in Indonesia in the form of dry land and paddy fields, have low organic matter that is <2%, therefore it is necessary to add organic matter in to the soil in order to increase agricultural productivity. The use of inorganic chemical fertilizers can also lead to excessive dependence on fertilizer and reducing soil fertility, in addition to the amount of inorganic chemical fertilizers increasingly hard to come by farmers for raw materials of manufacture that can not be updated. Efforts to increase productivity can be done with the addition of soil organic matter in the form of livestock manure, compost and green manure, which can improve the physical, biological and chemical soil, improvement of such properties in line with the needs of the plants were able to increase the growth and productivity of plants. According Atmojo (2003) addition of orgaanik besides adding soil nutrient supply is also important in improving the physical, chemical, and biological of soil that supports crop growth. Experiments conducted in experimental garden Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University at the District Kromengan Jatikerto Village Malang. the state of the soil contained 1.2% organic carbon. Experiments conducted in February-May 2015. The experiments were performed using a factorial randomized block design (RAK F) by 2 factors: the kind of organic fertilizer (P) with four levels that is organic chicken manure, cow manure, C. juncea and paitan with a dosage of NPK (N) with three dosage of NPK levels that is 75% dosage NPK, 50% dosage NPK, and 25% dosage NPK. every combination treatment was repeated three times. Observations made include a variable number of leaves, leaf area, total dry matter of crop, crop growth rate, leaf area index, weight of tuber per clump, tuber weight per meter. Observation data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) with level of 5%. Results of analysis of variance were significantly different from the test continued with Least Significant Difference at 5%. Experiments showed that the interaction between the type of manure with a dosage of NPK look at the parameters of the number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, total dry matter of crop, the crop growth rate, weight of tuber per clump, tuber weight per meter, by weight of tuber per meter at treatment NPK dosage with chicken manure 50% (217,5 kg urea ha-1, 125 kg SP36 ha-1, 83,5 kg KCl ha- 1) gives the results of 1523 g m-2 8.8% better than the description of shallot bauji varieties with tuber production of 13-14 t ha-1 or 1300-1400 gram per m-2, so that iv the provision of chicken manure 20 t ha-1 can reduce the dosage of NPK by 50% (217,5 kg urea ha-1, 125 kg SP36 ha-1, 83,5 kg KCl ha-1).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/885/ 051509707 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jan 2016 15:41 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jan 2016 15:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130930 |
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