Bancin, JohnPradana (2015) Pengaruh Pupuk Urea, Sp36, Kcl, Dan Pupuk Kandang Ayam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea Batatas L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ubi jalar adalah salah satu jenis tanaman dari kelompok tanaman palawija sebagai penghasil karbohidrat. Permintaan ubi jalar di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk dan kemajuan dari sektor industri yang memanfaatkan ubi jalar sebagai bahan baku utama. Potensi hasil tanaman ubi jalar di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 mencapai 30,57 ton/ha sedangkan rata-rata hasil ubi jalar hanya mencapai 23,37 ton/ha. Produksi ubi jalar ini belum optimal disebabkan karena ditanam di lahan tegal dimana bahan organik tanah rendah sehingga upaya yang dilakukan yaitu dengan penambahan bahan organik. Pemberian pupuk kandang adalah salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan bahan organik dalam tanah. Namun dalam pemupukan perlu adanya kombinasi antara pemberian pupuk organik dan anorganik yaitu dengan cara pengaplikasian pupuk organik sebelum tanam dan pengaplikasian pupuk anorganik sewaktu tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk kandang dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman ubi jalar sehingga dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Hipotesis yang diajukan ialah penggunaan pupuk kandang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman ubi jalar dan mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di desa Tawangsari Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Ketinggian 700 m di atas pemukaan laut. Curah hujan rata-rata 150 mm/ tahun dengan suhu udara antara 17oC – 30oC. Jenis tanah Andisol dengan tekstur halus sedang. Penelitian ini berlangsung selama 5 bulan yaitu dari bulan Agustus 2014 sampai dengan Januari 2015. Peralatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu : parang, cangkul, garu, air, sekop, ajir, tali rafia, pisau, penggaris, rol meter, kantong plastik, kertas label, gembor, gunting stek, timbangan analitik, dan oven, sedangkan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah : stek pucuk ubi jalar varietas Antin, pupuk kandang (berasal dari kotoran ayam) yang telah terdekomposisi dengan baik sebgai pupuk organik, pupuk Urea (sebagai pupuk N), pupuk SP-36 (sebagai pupuk P), dan KCl (sebagai pupuk K). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan empat ulangan. Penelitian ini terdapat delapan perlakuan yaitu : (A1) 100% Pupuk Anorganik, (A2) 100% Pupuk Anorganik + 2,5 ton Pupuk Organik, (A3) 75% Pupuk Anorganik + 5 ton Pupuk Organik, (A4) 75% Pupuk Anorganik + 2,5 ton Pupuk Organik, (A5) 50% Pupuk Anorganik + 5 ton Pupuk Organik, (A6) 50% Pupuk Anorganik + 2,5 ton Pupuk Organik, (A7) 25% Pupuk Anorganik + 5 ton Pupuk Organik, dan (A8) 25% Pupuk Anorganik + 2,5 ton Pupuk Organik. Parameter pengamatan yang diamati yaitu (1) komponen pertumbuhan meliputi panjang sulur, jumlah daun, luas daun, dan bobot kering total tanaman, (2) komponen produksi meliputi bobot umbi (g/tanaman), bobot umbi ekonomis, diameter umbi, panjang umbi, hasil panen (ton/ha), dan hasil panen ekonomis (ton/ha). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam uji F taraf 5%. Apabila terdapat pengaruh yang berbeda nyata akan diuji lanjut dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5% untuk mengetahui perbedaan diantara perlakuan. Hasil analisis ragam dari perlakuan pemberian pupuk organik dan pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan ubi jalar terlihat berbeda nyata pada panjang sulur (60 HST), jumlah daun (60, 74, dan 88 HST), dan luas daun (60, 74, dan 88 HST). Sementara hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik dan pupuk NPK tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata pada parameter bobot umbi, panjang umbi, diameter umbi, dan hasil panen (ton/ha). Namun hasil analisis ragam dari perlakuan pemberian pupuk organik dan pupuk NPK terhadap hasil ubi jalar terlihat berbeda nyata pada bobot umbi ekonomis sebesar 302,1 g diikuti dengan hasil panen ekonomis ubi jalar sebesar 33,03 ton/ha. Oleh karena itu pemberian pupuk kandang ayam sebagai pupuk organik dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan dapat meningkatkan bobot ekonomis ubi jalar.
English Abstract
Sweet potatoes are one type of plant crops as a group producer of carbohydrates. The sweet potato demand in Indonesia has increased as with population growth and advancement of the industry sectors that utilize sweet potatoes as the main raw material. The potential yield of sweet potato in Indonesia in 2013 reached 30.57 tons / ha while the average yield of sweet potato only reached 23.37 tons / ha. Sweet potato production is not optimal due to be planted in dry land which low soil organic matter so that the efforts made by the addition of organic matter. Manure fertilizer application is one way to increase the organic matter in the soil. However, the need for fertilization is combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer that is by the application of organic fertilizer before planting and application of inorganic fertilizers when planting. This research purposes to determine the effect of manure in increasing result and growth of sweet potato plants, it reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers. The hypothesis raised is the use of manure can increase the result and growth of sweet potato and reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers. This research was done at desa Tawangsari Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang with altitude 700 m above sea level. The average rainfall of 150 mm / year, air temperatures between 17oC - 30oC and humidity between 50-60%. The research was done for 5 months from the month of August 2014 to January 2014. The tools use in this research are : machetes, hoes, rakes, water, shovel, stakes, rope, knife, ruler, meter rollers, plastic bags, paper labels, one yells, scissors cuttings, analytical balance, and the oven, while the materials use in this research are: varieties of sweet potato cuttings Antin, manure fertilizer (from chicken manure) which has decomposed well as organic fertilizer, urea (as fertilizer N), SP-36 fertilizer (as fertilizer P), and KCl (as fertilizer K). The design will use a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three repetitions. This research found that eight treatments: (A1) 100% Inorganic Fertilizer, (A2) 100% Inorganic Fertilizer + 2.5 tons Organic Fertilizer, (A3) 75% Inorganic Fertilizer + 5 tons Organic Fertilizer, (A4) 75% Inorganic Fertilizers + 2.5 tons of organic fertilizer, (A5) 50% Inorganic Fertilizer + 5 tons Organic Fertilizer, (A6) 50% Inorganic Fertilizer + 2.5 tons Organic Fertilizer, and (A7) 25% Inorganic Fertilizer + 5 tons Organic Fertilizer and (A8) 25% Inorganic Fertilizer + 2.5 tons Organic Fertilizer. Observation parameters will observe that is (1) the growth component includes length of the tendrils, total number of leaf, leaf area, and total plant dry weight, (2) production component includes tuber weight (g/plant), tuber weight economically, tuber diameter, tuber length, yield (tons/ha), yield economically (ton/ha). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance F test level of 5%. If there is a significantly different effect will be tested further with the Least Significant Difference test (LSD) at the 5% level to determine differences between treatments. Results analysis of variant the treatment of organic fertilizer and NPK fertilizer on the growth of sweet potato looks like significantly different from the length of tendril (60 days after planting), total number of leaves (60, 74, and 88 days after planting), and leaf area (60, 74, and 88 days after planting). While the results analysis of variant showed that organic fertilizer and NPK fertilizer did not show real effect on the parameters tuber weight, tuber length, tuber diameter, yield (ton/ha), and yield economically (ton/ha). But the results analysis of variant the treatment of organic fertilizer and NPK fertilizer to sweet potato result look significantly different at tuber weight economically by 302,1 g followed by yield economically of sweet potato by 33,03 ton/ha. The conclusion is chicken manure as organic fertilizer can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer and can increasing the weight economically of sweet potato.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/847/051509669 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jan 2016 15:00 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 07:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130888 |
Preview |
Text
BAB_5.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
Cover.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
DAFTAR_ISI.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
DAFTAR_TABEL.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
DAFTAR_PUSTAKA.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
DAFTAR_LAMPIRAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
KATA_PENGANTAR.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
LAMPIRAN.pdf Download (3MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
PERNYATAAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
RINGKASAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
RIWAYAT_HIDUP.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
SUMMARY.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_1.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_2.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_3.pdf Download (2MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_4.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |