Setiyorini, DianRahayu (2015) Penetapan Erodibilitas Tanah Berdasarkan Kemiringan Lereng Pada Pertanaman Kopi (Coffea Canephora) Di Pdp Margomulyo Kecamatan Ngancar Kabupaten Kediri. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
PDP Margomulyo merupakan salah satu perkebunan lahan kering milik daerah yang membudidayakan kopi (Coffea canephora) sebagai komoditas unggulan. Tanaman kopi yang dibudidayakan di PDP Margomulyo berada pada kemiringan lereng yang bervariasi dari 3 - >45%. Dengan bervariasinya kemiringan lereng tersebut mempunyai potensi cukup besar untuk terjadi erosi yang didukung dengan tingginya curah hujan, rendahnya tutupan kanopi dan praktek budidaya pertanian yang masih kurang tepat, dimana penerapan teknik konservasi masih belum memenuhi jumlah yang dibutuhkan. Bedasarkan hasil wawancara dengan masyarakat sekitar dan mandor lapang PDP Margomulyo, pada tahun 2014 terjadi pengurangan luasan lahan pertanaman kopi akibat erosi seluas 2,77 Ha. Penelitian dilakukan di PDP Margomulyo yang terletak dikawasan lereng Gunung Kelud di Desa Sugihwaras, Kecamatan Ngancar, Kabupaten Kediri dan analisis tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisika dan Kimia Tanah Jurusan Ilmu Tanah Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Maret – November 2015. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu cangkul, bor untuk mengambil tanah, GPS, klinometer, ring sampel untuk mengambil sampel tanah utuh, plastik, kertas label, spidol, penggaris, kamera, alat tulis dan alat-alat laboratorium. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu peta tata guna lahan, sampel tanah dan bahan-bahan kimia untuk analisis laboratorium. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survey sesuai dengan kemiringan lereng yang telah ditentukan pada pertanaman kopi. Parameter pengamatan yang digunakan yaitu tekstur, struktur, bahan organik dan permeabilitas tanah. Data pendukung yang diperlukan yaitu data curah hujan dan peta tata guna lahan. Pengumpulan data didapatkan dari analisis laboratorium terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia tanah kemudian dilakukan perhitungan dengan menggunakan rumus persamaan Weischmeier dan Smith yaitu 100 K = 2.1?[1.14] (10)[−4](12−a)+ 3.25 (b−2)+ 2.5 (c−3) Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai erodibilitas tanah tertinggi didapatkan pada kemiringan lereng 15 – 30% (T8 dan T9) dan >45% (T14) sebesar 0,23 sedangkan nilai erodibilitas tanah terendah didapatkan pada kelas kemiringan lereng 3 – 8% (T3) sebesar 0,12 (rendah) sehingga dapat dikatakan wilayah ini tahan atau resisten terhadap erosi. Tingginya nilai erodibilitas tanah pada 5 kelas kemiringan lereng di lokasi penelitian disebabkan oleh tingginya persentase pasir dan kandungan bahan organik yang mempengaruhi struktur dan permeabilitas tanah. Selain itu, teknik konservasi dan vegetasi penutup tanah juga memberikan pengaruh terhadap besar nilai erodibilitas tanah.
English Abstract
PDP Margomulyo is one of the dry land plantations which cultivates coffee (Coffea canephora) as the main commodity. Coffee plant which is cultivated in PDP Margomulyo is on slopes that vary from 3 - > 45%. The variation of the slopes have a big enough potential for erosion that is supported by the high rainfall, low canopy cover and lack of appropriate agricultural cultivation practices, where the application of conservation techniques still do not fill the required number. Based on the result of interviews with the local community and the foreman field of PDP Margomulyo, in 2014 there was a reduction in land area due to erosion of 2.77 hectares. This research was conducted in PDP Margomulyo which is located in the area of the slopes of Kelud Mount in Sugihwaras Village, Ngancar District, Kediri Regency and soil analysis was conducted in the Laboratory of Soil Physics and Chemistry, Department of Soil Science, Universitas Brawijaya. The observation was conducted from March until November 2015. The tools which were used were hoe, drill to take the soil, GPS, clinometer, ring samples to take the intact soil samples, plastics, paper labels, marker, ruler, camera, writing tools, and laboratory tools. The materials which were used were land use map of observation location, samples of soil and chemicals for laboratory analysis. Survey method is used in accordance with the slope that had been determined in the coffee plantation. The observation parameters that are used are texture, structure, organic matter and soil permeability. The supporting data which are required are rainfall data and land use map of observation location. In collecting the data, laboratory analysis of physical and chemical properties of the soil was done. Then calculation was conducted by using Weischmeier and Smith equation, that is 100 K = 2.1?[1.14] (10)[−4](12−a)+ 3.25 (b−2)+ 2.5 (c−3). The results of this research indicate that the highest value is obtained at 15 – 30% (T8 and T9) and >45% (T14) of 0.23 which are included into the moderate criteria. The lowest erodibility value is obtained at the slope 3-8% (T3), that is 0.12 (low). The high value of soil erodibility on 5 slopes in the observation location is caused by the high percentage of sand and organic matter content which influence the structure and permeability of the soil. Besides, conservation technique and cover crop also give effects to the value of soil erodibility.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/818/ 051509640 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jan 2016 14:36 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jan 2016 14:36 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130856 |
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