Paramaditya, Intan (2015) Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Mulsa Organik Terhadap Tiga Varietas Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Di Indonesia, jagung manis dikenal sejak tahun 1970-an. Jagung manis ialah tanaman hortikultura yang memiliki nama latin Zea mays saccharata Sturt dengan famili gramineae (rerumputan). Jagung manis tergolong tanaman monokotil berumah satu atau monoecious yaitu putik dan benang sari terletak pada bunga yang berbeda, tetapi masih dalam satu tanaman. Seiring dengan kebutuhan yang semakin meningkat diperlukan teknik budidaya yang tepat untuk memperoleh kualitas hasil jagung manis yang baik. Salah satunya ialah penggunaan bahan penutup tanah atau mulsa telah lama dikenal pada bidang pertanian. Mulsa memiliki berbagai manfaat apabila diaplikasikan pada tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari pengaruh pemberian berbagai mulsa pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga varietas jagung manis. Hipotesis yang di ajukan ialah pemberian berbagai mulsa organik dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Februari hingga Mei di Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Jawa Timur di Jalan Raya Karangploso Km 4 Malang. Alat yang dibutuhkan ialah jangka sorong, penggaris, refraktometer, timbangan analitik, Leaf Area meter (LAM) dan kamera. Sedangkan bahan yang dibutuhkan ialah mulsa organik yang berasal dari jerami padi, daun pisang, daun jagung. Lahan yang digunakan seluas 354 m2 dengan luas setiap plot 7,36 m2. Kemudian pupuk kandang kambing 3,5 t ha-1, pupuk urea 300 t ha-1 , SP36 sebanyak 150 t ha-1, KCl 100 t ha-1 , Furadan 3G, benih varietas Talenta, Jambore, Bonanza. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan sehingga terdapat 36 plot percobaan. Pengamatan terdiri dari pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung umur 15, 30, 45, 60 hst. Komponen pertumbuhan meliputi panjang tanaman, luas daun, jumlah daun. Pada komponen hasil terdiri dari, panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot, diameter tanpa kelobot, bobot segar kelobot, bobot segar tanpa kelobot, dan tingkat kemanisan. Sedangkan analisis pertumbuhan tanaman dengan menggunakan ILD. Selain itu dilakukan pengamatan gulma dengan cara menghitung bobot kering dan bobot basah gulma. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5 %. Apabila terdapat pengaruh maka dilanjutkan Uji BNT pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan jagung manis pada jumlah daun dan panjang tanaman umur 60 hst, luas daun dan indeks luas daun umur 15 hst, bobot kering gulma umur 45 hst, 60 hst, bobot basah gulma umur 45 hst, 60 hst. Tetapi, tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil tanaman. Pemberian mulsa organik (jerami padi, daun jagung, daun pisang) memiliki pertumbuhan dan hasil yang sama dengan tanpa mulsa. Tetapi, pada varietas Bonanza mulsa jerami padi memiliki kandungan gula hingga 18,07 brix dibandingkan tanpa mulsa 14,73 brix dengan R/C sama diatas 1.
English Abstract
Sweet corn known since 1970s in Indonesia. Sweet corn is the horticultural crops that have a Latin name Zea mays saccharata Sturt with family Gramineae (grass). Sweet corn clasigsified as monocot plants monoecious or monoecious pistil and stamens are located on different flowers, but still at one plant. Along with the increasing demands, required proper cultivation techniques for obtaining quality of better sweet cornproduct. One of which is the use of ground cover or mulch material has long been known in the field of agriculture. Mulching has many benefits when applied to plant sweet corn. Mulch materials include all materials are not used to treat soil life with the aim of obtaining some advantage by infernal surface spread the material on the ground. The research aims to identify and study the influence of various mulching on growth and yield of three varieties of sweet corn. The hypothesis proposed is the provision of a variety of organic mulch can affect the growth and yield of sweet corn. Research will be conducted in February until May at Institute for Agricultural Technology (BPTP) East Java, which is located on High way Karangploso Km 4 Malang. Tools needed for this study was calipers, rulers, refractometer, analytical balance, Leaf area meter (LAM) and the camera. As for the material that is needed is an organic mulch derived from rice straw, banana leaves, corn leaves. Land area of 346.26 m2 used every plot with an area of 7.36 m2. Then manure 3,5 t ha-1, 300 t ha-1 of urea fertilizer, SP36 as 150 t ha-1, KCl as 100 t ha-1, furadan 3G, sweet corn seed varieties Talents, Jambore, and Bonanza. Randomized Block Design and there are 12 combinations of treatment so that there are 36 experimental plots. Observations were carried out consisting of growth and yield of maize was 15, 30, 45, 60 dap. Components include the length of plant growth, leaf area, total of leaves. On yield components consist of a leght cob without husk, diameter cob without husk, fresh weight cob with husk, Fresh weight cob without husk, degree of sweet. The analysis of plant growth by using LAI. Calculate the total dry weight of weeds and wet weight of weeds. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) at 5% level. If there is an interaction or influence then proceed LSD test at 5% level. The results showedan influence on the growth component of sweet corn on the leaves and long plant stage 60 dap, leaf area and leaf area index at 15 days after planting, dry weight of weeds age 45 dap, 45 dap, wet weight of weeds age 45 dap, 60 dap. Treatment varieties and mulch doesn’t give effect toall yield. Giving an organic mulch have the same growt and yield with no mulch but on the variety rice straw mulch Bonanza have a sugar contet of 18,07 brix compare with no mulch 14,73 brix with R/C more than 1.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/786/ 051509605 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Jan 2016 14:14 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jan 2016 14:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130820 |
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