Novitasari, Ike (2015) Kajian Aplikasi Pseudomonas Fluorescens Terhadap Serapan Unsur Fe Pada Tanaman Nanas (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr) Di Ultisol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Besi (Fe) merupakan unsur mikro penting bagi tanaman, namun Ultisol memiliki jumlah Fe total paling sedikit di antara semua jenis tanah, sedangkan tanaman nanas di Indonesia banyak ditanam di Ultisol. Sehingga terdapat potensi defisiensi unsur Fe. Defisiensi Fe pada tanaman nanas menyebabkan menurunnya produksi buah (yield) dan kualitas buah. Pemenuhan kebutuhan Fe tanaman nanas pada umumnya menggunakan FeSO4 dan pengkhelat Fe, namun penggunaan bahan ini tidak efektif, mahal, dan berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pseudomonas fluorescens memiliki senyawa siderofor yang berfungsi untuk mengkhelat Fe dengan spesifitas dan afinitas yang tinggi. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh Pseudomonas fluorescens terhadap serapan Fe pada tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) di Ultisol. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Desember 2014 hingga Maret 2015 di rumah kaca, laboratorium proteksi Riset and Development Department (R&D) dan laboratorium pusat PT. GGP (Great Giant Pineapple) Lampung. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan satu kontrol dan tiga perlakuan, setiap perlakuan ada 3 ulangan. Perlakuan menggunakan bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens yang berbeda strain, strain 32PF5 diisolasi dari lokasi 39 GGP yang ditumbuhi rumput mimosa, strain 37PF2 diisolasi dari lokasi 84 GGP yang mengandung herbisida sangat tinggi, strain 69PF1 diisolasi dari pegunungan Tanggamus, Lampung. Paremeter yang diamati meliputi Nitrogen (N), Fosfor (P), Kalium (K), Besi (Fe), dan Mangan (Mn) pada tanah dan tanaman nanas, kepadatan populasi bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens, jumlah akar, berat akar, diameter akar nanas, serta pH tanah. Analisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dan BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) pada taraf 5% serta uji korelasi. Hasil menunjukkan jumlah koloni bakteri berbeda nyata pada 2 hingga 6 MSA (minggu setelah aplikasi). Aplikasi 3 strain bakteri P. fluorescens berpengaruh nyata terhadap Fe tersedia pada 2 dan 4 MSA namun tidak berbeda nyata antar strain. Konsentrasi nitrat (NO3-) tanah berbeda nyata pada 6 MSA, dengan konsentrasi NO3- terbanyak pada strain 32PF5. Konsentrasi K tersedia berbeda nyata pada 1 MST (Minggu Setelah Tanam) dan 2 MSA, dengan konsenstrasi K terbanyak pada strain 69PF1. Jumlah akar dan diameter akar berbeda nyata pada 6 MSA, dengan jumlah akar terbanyak dan ukuran diameter terlebar pada strain 69PF1. pH H2O berbeda nyata pada 1 MST, semua strain bakteri memiliki pH yang lebih masam dari pada kontrol. Sedangkan pada parameter lainnya aplikasi P. fluorescens tidak berpengaruh nyata. Uji korelasi menunjukkan tidak beda nyata antara jumlah koloni dan konsentrasi Fe di daun tanaman nanas.
English Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micro-elements for plants, but amount of Ultisol Fe total at least among all types of land, while the pineapple plant in Indonesia many grown on Ultisol. So there are potential of Fe deficiency. Fe deficiency in plants causes decrease of pineapple fruit production (yield) and the quality of the fruit. Fulfillment needs of pineapple plant Fe generally use FeSO4 and Fe chelator, however use of this material is ineffective, expensive, and harmful for the environment. Some research shows that Pseudomonas fluorescens has a siderophores compound that serves to acquisitoion Fe with high specificity and affinity. So this study aims to know the effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens on Fe uptake in plants pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) on the Ultisol. Research was conducted from December 2014 to March 2015 in field experiments, Laboratory of Protection Research and Development Department (RnD) and the Centre Laboratory PT. GGP (Great Giant Pineapple) Lampung. Experiments using Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with one control and three treatments, each treatment there are 3 replicates. Treatment using the Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria which different strains, 32PF5 strains isolated from location 39 GGP which is growned by mimosa grass, 37PF2 strains isolated from 84 GGP locations containing very high herbicides, 69PF1 strains isolated from mountains Tanggamus, Lampung. The observed include Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Iron (Fe), and Manganese (Mn) in soil and pineapple plants, and also population density of Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria, amount of roots, root weight, and root diameter pineapple. Analysis using ANOVA and LSD (Least Significant Difference) at the level of 5%,and also correlation. Results show the amount of bacterial colonies significantly different at 4 up to 6 WAA (weeks after application). Application 3 bacterial strains of P. fluorescens very significantly affect Fe availability in 2 and 4 WAP, but not significantly different between strains. The concentration of nitrate (NO3-) soil significantly different at 6 MSA, with the highest concentration of NO3- on 32PF5 strain. Available K concentration is significantly different at 1 WAP (Week After Planting) and 2 WAA with the highest concentration of K on 69PF1 strain. Amount of roots and root diameter significantly different at 6 MSA, with the most amount and widest diameter is 60PF1 strain. pH of H2O significantly different at PT, pH of all strains bacteria is more acidic than in control. While on the other parameters of the P. fluorescens application was not significant. Correlation test showed no significant difference between the number of colonies and the concentration of Fe in the leaves of the pineapple plant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/779/ 051509598 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Jan 2016 14:56 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jan 2016 14:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130811 |
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