Fitria, ErfstienLailatul (2015) Pengaruh Biourin, Em4 Dan Pupuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Pada Kondisi Ternaungi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang semakin mendapat perhatian. Badan Pusat Statistik (2014) menyebutkan bahwa produksi bawang merah dari tahun 2009-2013 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 802.810 ton, 853.615 ton, 965.164 ton, 1.048.934 ton. Namun, sepanjang tahun 2013 impor bawang merah sebesar 73.864 ton dan dalam tiga bulan pertama tahun 2014 mencapai 85.730 ton. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa kebutuhan bawang merah masih tinggi dibandingkan ketersediaannya. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produktivitas bawang merah yaitu dengan menambahkan pupuk organik seperti biourin sapi dan EM4. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mempelajari pengaruh pemberian biourin yang dikombinasikan pupuk anorganik dan kompos kotoran sapi pada pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari - Maret 2015 bertempat di Dusun Ngujung Desa Pandanrejo Kecamatan Bumiaji Kota Batu. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah sprayer, penggaris, timbangan analitik, kalkulator, meteran, kamera digital, oven, dan papan label. Bahan yang digunakan ialah bibit bawang merah varietas Filipina, urin dan kotoran sapi, EM4, kompos kotoran sapi, bambu, paranet, pupuk anorganik, SP36 (36% P2O5), KCl (60% K2O), dan ZA (21% N), air, fungisida Antracol (Propineb 70%) dan pestisida kimia. Rancangan percobaan ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari 9 macam perlakuan yaitu 100% dosis anorganik (P0), 50% dosis kompos kotoran sapi (P1), 50% dosis anorganik + 25% dosis kompos kotoran sapi (P2), EM4 + 100% dosis anorganik (P3), EM4 + 50% dosis kompos kotoran sapi (P4), EM4 + 50% dosis anorganik + 25% dosis kompos kotoran sapi (P5), biourin + 100% dosis anorganik (P6), biourin + 50% dosis kompos kotoran sapi (P7) dan biourin + 50% dosis anorganik + 25 % dosis kompos kotoran sapi (P8). Kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga didapatkan 27 satuan percobaan. Pengamatan terdiri atas parameter pertumbuhan (umur 14, 28, 42 dan 56 HST) yaitu luas daun (cm2), panjang tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai rumpun-1), dan jumlah anakan (rumpun-1), bobot umbi basah dan bobot umbi kering (g rumpun-1). Pengamatan panen meliputi jumlah umbi panen, bobot umbi basah dan bobot umbi kering matahari (ton ha-1). Analisa pertumbuhan tanaman meliputi indeks luas daun (ILD) dan indeks hasil panen (IP). Pengamatan lingkungan meliputi suhu, kelembaban udara, intensitas matahari dan curah hujan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F dengan taraf kesalahan 5%) untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh dari perlakuan yang diberikan. Apabila terdapat hasil yang berbeda nyata, dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjutan Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dengan taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian biourin sapi + 50% dosis pupuk anorganik + 25% kompos kotoran sapi mampu memberikan hasil pada parameter panjang tanaman 34,4 cm, jumlah daun 38 helai rumpun-1, jumlah anakan 13 rumpun-1, luas daun 998,4 cm2, indeks luas daun 2,00. Bobot basah umbi panen ii 16,2 ton ha-1 dan bobot kering matahari umbi panen 13,8 ton ha-1. Perlakuan tersebut dapat meningkatkan produksi umbi bawang merah sebesar 58,69% dari perlakuan serupa tanpa kombinasi dengan biourin sapi.
English Abstract
Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a horticultural crops that needs more attention. According to Central Bureau of Statistic (2014) that the production of shallot in 2009-2013 increased by 802.810 ton, 853.615 ton, 965.164 ton, 1,048,934 ton. But, around the year of 2013, import of shallot amount 73.864 ton and the first three month of 2014 reached 85.730 ton. It shown that the requirements of shallot is higher than the availibility. The addition of organic fertilizer such as Biourine and EM4 are the one of effort to increase shallot productivity. The aim of this research was to study the effect of cow biourine that combined with anorganic fertilizer and cow manure on the growth and yield of shallot. The research was conducted on January-March 2015 at Ngujung village, Pandanrejo, Bumiaji Batu. Tools that used were sprayer, ruler, analytic scales, calculator, rope, digital camera, oven and label board. Materials that used were shallot seed variety of Filipina, urine and cow feces, EM4, cow manure, bamboo, paranet, anorganic fertilizers, SP36 (36% P2O5), KCl (60% K2O), and ZA (21% N), water, Antracol fungicide (Propineb 70%) and pesticide. Research method that used was Randomized Block Design (RCBD) contained of 9 treatments. They were 100% dosage of anorganic fertilizer (P0), 50% dosage of cow manure (P1), 50% dosage of anorganic fertilizer + 25% dosage of cow manure (P2), EM4 + 100% dosage of anorganic fertilizer (P3), EM4 + 50% dosage of cow manure (P4), EM4 + 50% dosage of cow manure (P5), cow biourine + 100% dosage of anorganic fertilizer (P6), cow biourine + 50% dosage of cow manure (P7) and cow biourine + 50% dosage of anorganic fertilizer + 25% dosage of cow manure (P8). Treatment repeated 3 times so there are 27 experimental plot in this research. Observation consisted of growth variable (14, 28, 42 and 56 DAP), that were leaf area (cm2), plant length (cm), number of leaf (leaf clump-1), number of tiller (clump-1), fresh weight and dry weight bulb (g clump-1). Yield variable that were number of bulb (clump-1), fresh weight and sun dry weight (g clump-1). Growth plant analysis consisted of leaf area index (LAI) and harvest index (HI). Climate observation consisted of temperature, relative humidity, radiation intensity and rainfall intensity. The data were analyzed used analysis of variance (F test at 5% level) to knew significance difference on treatments and replications. Data that showed difference continued by Least Significance Difference (LSD) at 5% level. Research results showed that cow biourine + 50% dosage of anorganic fertilizer + 25% of cow manure gave results on plant length variable with 34,4 cm, number of leaves were 38 clump-1, number of tillers were 13 clump-1, leaf area until 998.4 cm2, leaf area index of 2,00 cm. Harvest fresh weight of bulb harvested 16,2 ton ha-1 and the harvest dry weight consumption of bulb 13,8 tons ha-1. That treatment could increase productivity of shallot 58,69% than same treatment without combined with cow biourine.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/678/ 051507671 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Oct 2015 14:41 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Oct 2015 14:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130708 |
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