Nugrohowati, BettyMeiariani (2015) Pengaruh Ketebalan Media Tanam dan Pupuk Daun terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bibit Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) G1 Varietas Granola Kembang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) ialah salah satu dari tanaman sayuran yang mendapatkan prioritas dalam pengembangannya karena daya saing yang kuat dibandingkan dengan sayuran lainnya. Sulawesi Selatan merupakan salah satu sentra produksi kentang di Kawasan Timur Indonesia. Produksi kentang di Sulawesi Selatan mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2008 (20.589 ton), tahun 2009 (9.089 ton), dan tahun 2010 (7.627 ton) (BPS, 2011). Penyebab penurunan produksi kentang tersebut ialah ketersediaan bibit bermutu dan teknik budidaya yang khusus seperti ketebalan media tanam dan waktu pemberian pupuk daun. Bibit kentang G0 diperoleh hasil stek mini dari kultur jaringan yang bebas virus, oleh sebab itu perlu diperbanyak untuk menghasilkan umbi G1. Ketebalan media tanam merupakan salah satu teknik budidaya untuk meningkatkan produksi kentang, ketebalan media tanam dapat mempermudah pertumbuhan akar tanaman kentang dalam menghasilkan stolon yang kemudian akan menjadi umbi serta melindungi umbi kentang dari sinar matahari. Kemudian, teknik budidaya lainnya yaitu waktu pemberian pupuk daun. Waktu pemberian pupuk melalui daun yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan hara tanaman dapat memberikan hasil umbi yang tinggi (Nurhayati, 2012). Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketebalan media tanam dan pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kentang G1 varietas Granola Kembang. Hipotesis penelitian ini ialah Ketebalan media tanam 15 cm dan 4 kali aplikasi pupuk daun Gandasil B akan memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil tertinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2014 di Screen house Kebun Percobaan Cangar Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, terletak di Desa Sumber Brantas, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah cangkul, tugal, kayu, bambu, meteran, jangka sorong, hand sprayer, timbangan analitik, kamera, dan alat tulis. Bahan yang digunakan ialah umbi bibit kentang G0 varietas Granola Kembang yang sudah disimpan selama ± 90 hari, tanah, humus, pupuk kandang ayam, pupuk majemuk NPK Mutiara (16:16:16), pupuk daun Gandasil B, fungisida Daconil, insektisida D-MEC, dan Lantis. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kemlompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 10 perlakuan, yaitu: A1 = Ketebalan media tanam 7,5 cm + Tanpa pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B, A2 = Ketebalan media tanam 7,5 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST, A3 = Ketebalan media tanam 7,5 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST dan 28 HST, A4 = Ketebalan media tanam 7,5 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST, 28 HST, dan 35 HST, A5 = Ketebalan media tanam 7,5 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST, 28 HST, 35 HST, dan 42 HST, A6 = Ketebalan media tanam 15 cm + Tanpa pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B, A7 = Ketebalan media tanam 15 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun ii Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST, A8 = Ketebalan media tanam 15 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST dan 28 HST, A9 = Ketebalan media tanam 15 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST, 28 HST, dan 35 HST, A10 = Ketebalan media tanam 15 cm + Pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B pada umur 21 HST, 28 HST, 35 HST, dan 42 HST. Perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 30 petak percobaan. Pengamatan dilakukan secara non destruktif dengan 5 tanaman contoh untuk setiap kombinasi perlakuan yang dilakukan pada saat tanaman berumur 14 HST, 28 HST, 42 HST, 56 HST, dan 110 HST (panen). Parameter yang diamati meliputi komponen pertumbuhan, yaitu: tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), diameter batang (cm). Komponen hasil yang diamati, yaitu bobot segar umbi per tanaman (g), jumlah umbi per tanaman (umbi), bobot segar umbi panen (kg), dan bobot segar umbi panen berdasarkan klasifikasi umbi atau grade. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5%. Bila hasil pengujian terdapat pengaruh nyata dari perlakuan yang diberikan, maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan ketebalan media tanam dan interval pemberian pupuk daun Gandasil B tidak mempengaruhi semua variabel pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil.
English Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the plant vegetables get priority in its development because competitiveness strong compared to other vegetables. South Sulawesi is one of the centers of the potato production in eastern Indonesia. Potato production in South Sulawesi has decreased from the year 2008 (20.589 tons), year 2009 (9.089 tons) and in 2010 (7.627 tons) (BPS, 2011). The cause of the drop in production the potato is the availability of quality seeds and techniques of cultivation that special media as thickness cropping and time granting fertilizer leaves. Potato result was obtained on seeds G0 cuttings mini from tissue culture free virus , therefore need to propagated to produce tuber G1. The thickness of planting media is one of the cultivation techniques for increasing production potatoes , the thickness of the media cropping can ease the root growth of potato plants in generating stolon which will then become tubers and protecting of potato tubers of the rays of the sun. Then, other cultivated techniques day that the provision of fertilizer leaves. Through the provision of fertilizer leaves time to suit the needs of plants can give a disturbances the tuber which high (Nurhayati, 2012). The purpose of this research is to know the influence of the plant media thickness and the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B on the growth and the outcome of potato G1 varieties Granola Kembang. Hypothesis this research is the plant media thickness 15 cm and 4 times the application of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B will give growth and the results of the highest. Research carried out in may until august 2014 in a screen house experimental farm Cangar the faculty of agriculture Brawijaya University , located in the village of Sumber Brantas , Kecamatan Bumiaji , Batu city. An instrument used in research is a hoe , drill, wood, timber, meter, calipers, hand sprayer, scales analytic , camera, and stationery. Material used is potato tubers seeds G0 varieties Granola Kembang that had been stored for ± 90 days , ground , topsoil , chicken manure , compound fertilizer NPK Mutiara ( 16: 16: 16 ), leaf fertilizer Gandasil B, fungicide daconil, an insecticide D-MEC, and lantis. Research used randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 10 treatment combinations was repeated 3 times, namely: A1 = the plant media thickness 7,5 cm + without the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B, A2 = the plant media thickness 7,5 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap, A3 = the plant media thickness 7,5 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap and 28 dap, A4 = the plant media thickness 7,5 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap, 28 dap, and 35 dap, A5 = the plant media thickness 7,5 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap, 28 dap, 35 dap, and 42 dap, A6 = the plant media thickness 15 cm + without the leaf fertilizer Gandasil B , A7 = the plant media thickness 15 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap, A8 = the plant media thickness 15 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap and 28 dap, A9 = the plant iv media thickness 15 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap, 28 dap, and 35 dap, A10 = the plant media thickness 15 cm + the provision of leaf fertilizer Gandasil B at age 21 dap, 28 dap, 35 dap, and 42 dap. The treatment is repeated 3 times obtained 30 pieces of the experiment. Observation used non destructive by taking 5 plants sample each treatment combination when the plants are 14 dap, 28 dap, 42 dap, 56 dap, and at harvest when 110 dap. The observation that observed covering components growth, namely: plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), diameter of stem (cm). Components results observed, namely fresh weight tuber per plant (g), number of tuber per plant (tuber), weight fresh tuber harvest (kg), and weight fresh harvest the tubers of classification based on tubers or grade. Data observation obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) at the level of 5%. If the test results are tangible effect of a given treatment, then continued with a comparison test between treatments using LSD test at 5% level. The research results show the plant media thickness and time application of Gandasil B leaf fertilizer treatment did not give significant different on all variabel observation and yield component.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/62/051501749 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Mar 2015 13:48 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 06:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130645 |
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