Waluyo, Bhakti (2015) Kajian Iklim Mikro Pada Pola Tanam Tumpangsari Tanaman Stroberi (Fragaria sp.) dan Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedua Tanaman. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Produk Pertanian Yang Prospektif Untuk Dikembangkan Di Indonesia Adalah Komoditi Hortikultura, Terutama Buah-Buahan Seperti Stroberi. Tanaman Ini Sangat Populer Di Kalangan Masyarakat Karena Buahnya Yang Sering Dicari Dan Dikonsumsi. Nilai Jual Buah Stroberi Cukup Tinggi, Sehingga Banyak Petani Yang Ingin Membudidayakannya. Tanaman Stroberi Dibudidayakan Secara Monokultur Baik Di Lahan Terbuka Maupun Di Polybag. Namun, Budidaya Secara Monokultur Kurang Efisien Dalam Penggunaan Lahan Dan Cahaya Matahari. Selain Itu, Sistem Tanam Monokultur Mempunyai Beberapa Kekurangan Seperti Meledaknya Populasi Hama, Menurunnya Kualitas Tanah, Dan Cepat Hilangnya Air Dan Unsur Hara Akibat Penguapan (Evaporasi) Karena Sinar Matahari Langsung Mengenai Tanah. Hal Itu Menyebabkan Kurang Optimalnya Penggunaan Cahaya Matahari. Upaya Yang Dapat Dilakukan Yaitu Dengan Budidaya Tanaman Secara Tumpangsari. Dengan Demikian, Penulis Mengombinasikan Tanaman Stroberi Dan Selada Dengan Sistem Tanam Ini Pada Satu Bidang Lahan Yang Homogen. Dalam Kondisi Lingkungan Yang Homogen, Akan Terjadi Kompetisi Pada Masing-Masing Tanaman Untuk Menyelesaikan Daur Hidupnya. Keadaan Iklim Mikro Merupakan Hal Yang Harus Diperhatikan Dalam Kondisi Lingkungan Homogen Pada Sistem Tanam Ini, Sehingga Perlu Dilakukan Penelitian Untuk Mengatasi Permasalahan Tersebut, Yaitu Dengan Mengkaji Iklim Mikro Pada Waktu Tanam Yang Berbeda Pada Tanaman Sela Yang Tepat. Penelitian Ini Bertujuan Untuk Memperoleh Kondisi Iklim Mikro Yang Sesuai Pada Waktu Tanam Berbeda Sehingga Dapat Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Stroberi Dan Efisiensi Lahan. Hipotesis Yang Diajukan Ialah Pola Tanam Tumpangsari Dengan Waktu Tanam Yang Berbeda Menghasilkan Kondisi Iklim Mikro Yang Berbeda Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Stroberi Dan Selada. Penelitian Dilaksanakan Pada Bulan Maret Sampai Dengan Agustus 2014, Bertempat Di Desa Pandanrejo, Bumiaji, Kota Batu, Pada Ketinggian 890 M Dpl. Alat-Alat Yang Digunakan Dalam Penelitian Antara Lain: Peralatan Pertanian, Penggaris, Meteran, Timbagan Analitik, Thermohygrometer, Light Meter Dan Kamera. Bahan Yang Digunakan Meliputi Bibit Stroberi Varietas Rosalinda, Benih Selada Varietas Grand Rapid, Pupuk N, P, K, SP-36, Kcl, Dan Pestisida Anorganik. Penelitian Ini Menggunakan RAK (Rancangan Acak Kelompok) 9 Perlakuan Dengan Tiga Kali Ulangan. (P1): Selada Ditanam 21 Hari Sebelum Stroberi, (P2): Selada Ditanam 14 Hari Sebelum Stroberi, (P3): Selada Ditanam 7 Hari Sebelum Stroberi, (P4): Selada Ditanam Bersamaan Dengan Stroberi, (P5): Selada Ditanam Secara Monoultur, (P6): Stroberi Ditanam Secara Monokultur, (P7): Selada Ditanam 7 Hari Setelah Stroberi, (P8): Selada Ditanam 14 Hari Setelah Stroberi, (P9): Selada Ditanam 21 Hari Setelah Stroberi. Terdapat 2 Jenis Pengamatan Yaitu Pengamatan Non Destruktif Dan Panen. Pada Tanaman Stroberi Dilakukan Pengamatan Non Destruktif Pada Umur 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84 Hst. Parameter Pengamatan Meliputi: Tinggi Tanaman, Jumlah Daun, Umur Berbunga, Umur Berbuah, Umur Panen Pertama, Dan Jumlah Buah. Sedangkan Pengamatan Panen Dilakukan Pada Umur Pertama Kali Panen Hingga Umur 120 Hst. Variabel Yang Digunakan Yaitu Bobot Segar Buah Dan Bobot Per Buah. Pada Tanaman Selada Dilakukan Pengamatan Non Destruktif Pada Umur 7, 14, Dan 28 Hst Dan Destruktif Pada Saat Panen Dengan Parameter Pengamatan (Non Destruktif): Tajuk Tanaman, (Destruktif): Berat Segar Total Dan Berat Berat Segar Konsumsi. Hasil Penelitian Menunjukkan Bahwa Bibit Selada Ditanam 21 Hari Sebelum Penanaman Bibit Stroberi Memiliki Kondisi Iklim Mikro Yang Baik Untuk Tumpangsari Tanaman Selada Dengan Stroberi. Kondisi Iklim Mikro Yang Baik Untuk Tumpangsari Tanaman Stroberi Dan Selada Yaitu Suhu Udara 16-27˚C. Suhu Tanah Kedalaman 0 Cm Yaitu 16-27˚C, Kedalaman 10 Cm Yaitu 17-26˚C, Kedalaman 20 Cm Yaitu 17-27˚C. Kelembaban Udara Yang Baik Yaitu 63-96%. Sedangkan Untuk Intensitas Penerimaan Cahaya Untuk Tanaman Stroberi Yaitu Berkisar 283-568 Lux Dan Untuk Tanaman Selada Yaitu 383-606 Lux. Bibit Selada Ditanam 21 Hari Sebelum Penanaman Bibit Stroberi Mampu Meningkatkan Produktifitas Lahan. Selain Itu, Juga Menunjukkan Jumlah Buah Terbanyak Dan Bobot Konsumsi Tertinggi Setelah Penanaman Secara Monokultur. Sedangkan Bobot Segar Total Buah Per Tanaman Tertinggi Setelah Penanaman Secara Mnokultur Yaitu Perlakuan Bibit Selada Ditanam 7 Hari Setelah Penanaman Bibit Stroberi.
English Abstract
One Of Prospective Agricultural Products In Indonesia Is Horticulture Commodity, Especially Fruits Like Strawberry. It Is Very Popular Because People Often Consume It. The Selling Price Of Strawberry Is High Enough, Which Makes Many Farmers Cultivate It. It Is Cultivated Monoculturally, In Field As Well As In Polybag. Nevertheless, The Monoculture Cultivation Is Less Efficient In The Use Of Land And Sun Radiation. Besides, The Monoculture Planting System Has Some Insufficiencies Like Development Of Pest Population, Reduction Of Soil Condition, And Lowering Soil And Water Element Caused By Evaporation. It Is Because The Sun Radition Is Directly Hit The Land. It Makes The Plant Becomes Less Optimum In Getting The Sun Radiation. The Effort That Can Be Done Is Using Intercropping. As Such, The Researcher Tried To Combine Strawberry And Lettuce Plants By Using Intercropping In A Homogeneous Land. The Homogeneous Condition Creates Competition In Each Plant. The Microclimate Condition Should Be Considered In Homogeneous Environment In This System, So It Is Needed To Hold A Research To Overcome The Problem To Investigate Microclimate In Different Planting Time In Appropriate Interval Plants. This Research Aimed To Investigate The Microclimate Condition, Which Was Appropriate To Strawberry With The Best Combination From The Effect Of Different Planting Time To The Growth And Havest Of Strawberry Plant. The Hypothesis Was The Intercropping With Different Planting Time Can Result Different Microclimate Condition, Which Influences The Growth And The Result Of Strawberry And Lettuce Plants. The Research Was Held On March To August 2014 In Pandanrejo Village, Bumiaji, Batu City On 890 M Above Sea. The Tools Used In This Research Are: Agricultural Tools, Ruler, Measuring Device, Analytical Scales, Thermohygrometer, Light Meter And Camera. The Materials Used Include Strawberry Seed (Rosalinda Variety), Lettuce Seed (Grand Rapid Variety), N, P, K, SP-36, Kcl Fertilizer, And Non-Organic Pesticide. This Research Used Randomized Block Design That Consisted Of 9 Treatments And Each Treatment Was Repeated 3 Times. The Treatments Are (P1): Lettuce Was Planted 21 Days Before Strawberry, (P2): Lettuce Was Planted 14 Days Before Strawberry, (P3): Lettuce Was Planted 7 Days Before Strawberry, (P4): Lettuce Was Planted Together With Strawberry, (P5): Lettuce Was Planted Monoculturally, (P6): Strawberry Was Planted Monoculturally, (P7): Lettuce Was Planted 7 Days After Strawberry, (P8): Lettuce Was Planted 14 Days After Strawberry, (P9): Lettuce Was Planted 21 Days After Strawberry. There Were Two Kinds Of Observations, Non Destructive And Harvest. In Strawberry Plant, Non-Destructive Observation Was Applied On 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84 Days After Planting. The Parameters Of The Observation Include: Height Of The Plant, Amount Of The Leaves, Age Of The Blooming, Age Of The Fructivity, Age Of The First Harvest, And Amount Of The Fruits. The Observation In Harvest Time Was Applied From The First Harvest To 120 Days After Planting. The Variables Were Amount Of The Fruit Fresh Weight Of The Fruit, And Weight Of Each Fruit. In Lettuce Plant, Non-Destructive Observation Was Applied On 7, 14, Dan 28 Days After Planting And Destructive Observation In Harvest Time. The Observation Parameters Were (Non-Destructive): Plant Leaves, (Destructive): Total Fresh Weight And Consumption Fresh Weight. The Result Of The Research Showed That Lettuce Seed Which Is Planted 21 Days Before Strawberry Seed Had Good Microclimate Condition Of Intercropping Of Strawberry And Lettuce Plants. A Good Microclimate Condition For Intercropping Of Strawberry And Lettuce Plants Was 16-27˚C For Temperatures. Soil Temperature In 0 Cm Depth Was 16-27˚C, 10 Cm Depth Was 17-26˚C, 20 Cm Depth Was 17-27˚C. The Good Humidity Was 63-96%. In Addition, The Sun Radiation For Strawberry Plant Was About 283-568 Lux And For Lettuce Plant Was About 383-606 Lux. Lettuce Seed Which Was Planted 21 Days Before Strawberry Can Increase The Land Productivity. Besides, It Also Represents The Greatest Number Of Fruit And The Highest Consumption Weight After Monoculturally Planting. The Highest Of Total Fresh Weight Of The Fruit Of Each Plant After Monoculturally Planting Was The Treatment In Which Lettuce Seed Is Planted 7 Days After Strawberry.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/206/051503336 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 21 May 2015 14:29 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Nov 2021 04:02 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130190 |
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