Rahman, AndykaSetya (2015) Kajian HasilTanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L) di Lahan dan Polybag Dengan Pemberian Berbagai Macam dan Dosis Pupuk Organik. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kebutuhan bawang merah yang terus meningkat, tidak hanya di pasar dalam negeri, tetapi juga di luar negeri, sehingga terbuka peluang untuk ekspor. Dalam periode tahun 2001-2005, ekspor bawang merah Indonesia mencapai 89.678 kg senilai US $ 14.309, dengan sasaran utama Singapura, Malaysia dan Hongkong.Sementara di lain pihak produktivitas bawang merah di Indonesia masih rendah (rata-rata 5,4 tonha-1), sedangkan potensinya dapat mencapai 10-12 tonha-1(BPS, 2009). Pemberian pupuk anorganik yang berlebihan di tingkat petani dapat menyebabkan produktivitas lahan menurun, salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi ini adalah dengan aplikasi bahan organik yang banyak dijumpai di lingkungan sekitar misalnya adalah pupuk kompos kandang sapi dan pupuk kompos kandang ayam. Dengan cara memanfaatkan ketersediaan lahan yang terbatas dan pemanfaatan lahan sempit misalnyapenggunaan polybag atau pot, akan dapat membatu masyarakat agar dapat membangun kemandirian pangan, sehingga terpenuhinya kebutuhan pangan secara mandiri dengan memberdayakan modal manusia, sosial dan ekonomi (termasuk lahan pekarangan dan pertanian serta sekitarnya) dan mempengaruhi kepada peningkatan kehidupan sosial serta ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah dengan berbagai macam dan dosis pupuk organic pada kondisi penanamn di lahan dan di polybag. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah Semakin tinggi dosis pupuk organik yang diberikan semakin meningkatkan hasil tanaman bawang merah ; pemberian berbagai macam pupuk organik memberikan pengaruh nyata pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah dan Pemberian pupuk kompos ayam dapat menghasilkan nilai pertumbuahan dan hasil yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian pupuk kompos sapi. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2014 sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2014, di desa Ngrami, Kecamatan Sukomoro (lahan) dan desa Ploso (polybag), Kecamatan Nganjuk. Alat yang digunakan pada pelaksanaan penelitian misalnya kamera digital, alat tulis, gunting, timbangan analitik, cangkul, penggaris, oven, Leaf Area Meter (LAM). Bahan yang digunakan ialah bibit bawang merah, kompos kotoran sapi, kompos kotoran ayam, polybag dan pupuk anorganik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dan pengulangan 3. Terdapat 6 perlakuan dan 1 kontrol pada kondisi penanaman di lahan (L) dan di polybag (P) ialah L0/P0: pupuk anorganik (sebagai kontrol); L1/P1 : 15 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran sapi; L2/P2 : 30 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran sapi; L3/P3 : 45 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran sapi dan L4/P4 : 15 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran ayam; L5/P5: 30 ton ha-1kompos kotoran ayam; L6/P6: 45 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran ayam. Pengamatan dilakukan secara non destruktif dan destruktif serta pengamatan panen. Pengamatan dilaksanakan pada saat tanaman berumur 14, 28, 42 dan 56 hst (panen). Pengamatan komponen pertumbuhan meliputi panjang tanaman, luas daun, jumlah daun per rumpun tanaman, jumlah anakan per rumpun, bobot segar umbi per rumpun, bobot kering umbi oven per rumpun. Pengamatan lingkungan dengan parameter pengamatan meliputi suhu tanah dan curah hujan dan pengamatan panen meliputi jumlah umbi panen, bobot segar umbi panen, bobot kering matahari total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian macam dan dosis bahan organik pada berbagai perlakuan menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata pada semua variabel pertumbuhan dan panen, kecuali variabel panjang tanaman pada penanaman. Dengan pemberian pupuk kompos ayam dengan dosis 45 ton ha-1 menghasilkan bobot segar total tanman sebesar 2,93 ton ha-1 pada kondisi di penanaman lahan dan pemberian pupuk kompos ayam dengan dosis yang sama menghasilkan bobot segar total tanman sebesar 2,10 ton ha-1 pada kondisi di penanaman di polybag
English Abstract
The need of shallot which is increasing, not only in local market, but also in international market, opens up the opportunity to export it. In the period of 2001-2005, the shallot exporting in Indonesia reached 89.678kg which equals to US$ 14.309, with Singapore, Malay, and Hong Kong as the main target. Yet, the production of shallot in Indonesia is still low (average 5.4 tons ha-1), while the potential can reach 10-12 tons ha-1 (BPS, 2009). The overuse of inorganic fertilizer can decrease the field productivity. One of many ways to solve this problem is to apply organic material which can be found in our surrounding, such as cow waste and chicken waste compost. By taking the advantage of the limited field availability and the use of narrow field, for instance by using polybag or pot, it will help people to develop their ability in providing food. Thus, the need of food will be fulfilled by themselves in which it helps human resources, society, and economy (including yard and farm surrounding them) and it will also influence the social and economic life of people. This research aims to compare the growth and the production of shallot which is planted in field and polybag with variant types and doses of the organic fertilizer. The hypothesis proposed is that the higher doses of the organic fertilizer used, the more production of the shallot; the use of many types of organic fertilizer will show significant effect on the growth and the production of shallot; the use of chicken waste compost can affect the high value of shallot growth and production than the use of cow waste compost. This research has been done on May to August 2014, in Ngrami Village, Sukomoro (field) and Ploso Village (polybag), Nganjuk. The tools used in conducting this research are digital camera, pen and paper, scissors, analytic scale, hoe, ruler, oven, and Leaf Area Meter (LAM). The material used are shallot seed, cow waste compost, chicken waste compost, polybag and inorganic fertilizer. This research used random group program and 3 repetitions. There are 6 treatments and 1 control in planting condition on field (L) and on polybag (P) which are L0/P0: inorganic fertilizer (as the control); L1/P1 : 15 tons ha-1 cow waste compost; L2/P2 : 30 tons ha-1 cow waste compost; L3/P3 : 45 tons ha-1 cow waste compost and L4/P4 : 15 tons ha-1 chicken waste compost; L5/P5: 30 tons ha-1 chicken waste compost; L6/P6: 45 tons ha-1 chicken waste compost. The observation is done destructively and non-destructively as well as harvest observation. The observation is undertaken on the plants of the age 14, 28, 42, and 56 dap (harvest). The observation of the plant component includes the length of the plant, the width of the leaf, the number of leaf per plant, the number of bud per plant, the fresh weight of root per plant, the dry weight of dried root per plant. The environment observation used observation parameter including soil temperature and rain fall and also harvest observation which is including the number of harvest root, the fresh weight of harvest root, and the dry weight under the sun rays. The result of the observation shows that the use of many types and doses of organic material with some treatments influenced all growth and harvest variables, except on the length of the plant. By using 45 tons ha-1 chicken waste compost, the production of fresh weight plant is about 2.93 tons ha-1 on field planting condition and the use of the same dose of chicken waste compost produced 2.10 tons ha-1 fresh weight plants in polybag planting condition
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/140/051502550 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Apr 2015 08:21 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 06:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130116 |
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