Yani, Muhammad (2015) Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Tanaman Penutup Tanah Orok-Orok (Crotalaria juncea L.) terhadap Pengendalian Gulma Pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.) Di Musim Hujan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jagung (Zea mays L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki permintaan yang cukup tinggi. Hal ini dikarenakan banyak permintaan pating dari swalayan dan restoran cepat saji yang membutuhkan jagung dalam jumlah yang besar. C. juncea L. ialah tanaman leguminoceae yang dapat di manfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak, tanaman orok-orok ini berpotensi sebagai pupuk hijau serta LCC (Legume Cover Crop) karena tanaman ini mudah tumbuh dan banyak menghasilkan biomassa dengan cepat, tinggi kandungan air dan N serta mempunyai perakaran yang dalam sehingga dapat memompa unsure hara kelapisan permukaan (Sutejo, 2002). Hasil pangkasan orok-orok dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai mulsa. Beberapa keutungan dari pemulsaan antara lain dapat mengendalikan gulma, meningkatkan penyerapan air oleh tanah, Penelitian dalam bentuk lapang dilaksanakan di Jl. Rogoboyo, Dusun Bundar, Desa Ampeldento, Kecamatan Karangploso, kabupaten Malang. Jenis tanah Alfisol, dominasi lempung liat dengan ketinggian tempat mencapai 330 m dpl. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2014 – April 2014. Alat yang digunakan ialah alat pengolah tanah seperti cangkul, timbangan, jangka sorong, oven, petak kuadran ukuran 50 cm x 50 cm dan leaf area meter (LAM). Sedangkan Bahan yang digunakan meliputi benih jagung varietas BISI 2, tanaman orok – orok (Crotalaria juncea L), fungisida Dhitane M-45, insektisida Decis 2.5 EC, nematisida Furadan 3G dan pupuk. Pupuk yang dipergunakan ialah Urea (45% N), Sp 36 (36% P2O5) dan KCl (60% K2O). Adapun Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri dari 10 level perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali, sehingga diperoleh 30 satuan percobaan. Adapun perlakuan tersebut meliputi : 100 orok-orok,tanpa disiang, 100 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung disiang 2 kali, pada 20 hst dan 40 hst, 100 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 40 hst, hasil pemotongannya tidak dimulsakan, 100 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 40 hst, hasil pemotongannya dimulsakan, 100 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 60 hst, hasil pemotongannya tidak dimulsakan, 100 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 60 hst, hasil pemotongannya dimulsakan, 200 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 40 hst, hasil pemotongannya tidak dimulsakan, 200 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 40 hst, hasil pemotongannya dimulsakan, 200 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 60 hst, hasil pemotongannya tidak dimulsakan, 200 tanaman orok-orok/petak percobaan 4 m x 3 m yang tumbuh bersama jagung selama 60 hst, hasil pemotongannya dimulsakan. Variabel pengamatan pertumbuhan gulma dilakukan dengan analisis vegetasi dan menimbang bobot kering gulma. Variabel pengamatan tanaman jagung dilakukan secara destruktif dan non destruktif, kemudian, komponen hasil meliputi: diameter tongkol tanpa klobot, panjang tongkol serta bobot pipilan. Untuk Analisis data pengamatan yang diperoleh dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5 %. Keberadaan 100 orok-orok/petak, selama 40 hst dan 60 hst kemudian memanfaatkan hasil pangkasannya sebagai mulsa dan keberadaan 200 orok-orok/petak percobaan 40 hst dan 60 hst kemudian memanfaatkan hasil pangkasannya sebagai mulsa dapat mengendalikan gulma pada pertanaman jagung. Pada pengamatan umur 45 hari setelah tanam, perlakuan tersebut menghasilkan bobot kering gulma lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan 100 orok-orok tanpa penyiangan yang menghasilkan bobot kering gulma 29.2 g. Hal ini dikarenakan pertumbuhan gulma terganggu oleh tanaman penutup tanah orok-orok. Selain itu, Interaksi antara 10 perlakuan yang di ulang sebanyak 3 kali menunjukan bahwa perlakuan dengan memanfaatkan tanaman orok-orok dipangkas dan kemudian di mulsakan, menunjukan tingkat pertumbuhan tanaman meningkat lebih baik dibandingkan dari perlakuan yang pemangkasannya tidak dimulsakan.
English Abstract
The Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of horticultural commodities which have high demand. This is because a lot of requests pating of supermarkets and fast food restaurants that require large amounts of corn. C. juncea L. is Leguminoceae plants that can be utilized as animal feed, plant-snore snore have potential as a green manure and LCC (Legume Cover Crop) because this plant is easy to grow and produce biomass with a lot of fast, high water content and N and has roots in order to pump the nutrient elements kelapisan surface (Sutejo, 2002). Pruned-snore snore can be used as mulch. Some of the advantages of mulching include weed control, increase water absorption by the soil, Research carried out in the form field on Jl. Rogoboyo, Hamlet Round, Ampeldento Village, Sub district Karangploso, Malang regency. Alfisol soil type, the dominance of clay loam with altitude reaches 330 m above sea level. The experiment was conducted in January 2014 - April 2014. The instrument used was ground processing equipment such as hoes, scales, calipers, oven, quadrant plot size 50 cm x 50 cm and leaf area meter (LAM). While the materials used include corn seed varieties BISI 2, plants snore - snore (Crotalaria juncea L), fungicides Dhitane M-45, Decis 2.5 EC insecticide, nematicide Furadan 3G and fertilizer. Urea fertilizer was used (45% N), Sp 36 (36% P2O5) and KCl (60% K2O). The design used in this study is a randomized block design (RBD), consists of 10 levels of treatment are repeated three times, in order to obtain 30 units of the experiment. The treatment includes: 100-snore snore, without daytime, 100-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m which grow along with corn daytime 2 times, at 20 and 40 dap dap, 100-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m which grows along the corn for 40 days after planting, cutting results are not mulched, 100-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m which grows along the corn for 40 days after planting, cutting results mulched, 100-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m which grows along the corn for 60 days after planting, cutting results are not mulched, 100-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m which grows along the corn for 60 days after planting, the results of slaughtering mulched, 200-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m who grew up with corn for 40 days after planting, the results of slaughtering is not mulched, 200-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m which grows along the corn for 40 days after planting, the results of slaughtering mulched, 200-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m grow along with corn for 60 days after planting, the results of slaughtering is not mulched, 200-snore snore plants / plot experiment 4 mx 3 m which grows along the corn for 60 days after planting, the results of slaughtering mulched. Variable weed growth observations performed with analysis of vegetation and weigh dry weight of weeds. Variable corn crop observations carried out destructive and non-destructive, then, yield components include: the diameter of the cob without husks, ear length and weight of a turnaround. For the analysis of observational data obtained and analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) at 5% level. The existence of 100 infants / plot, for 40 and 60 dap dap then use the results pangkasannya as mulch and the presence of 200 infant-infant / experimental plots 40 and 60 dap dap then use the results of pruning as a mulch to control weeds in corn crops. At the age of 45 observation days after planting, the treatment resulted in weed dry weight lower than 100 infants treatment without weeding weeds produce 29.2 g dry weight. This is because the growth of weeds disturbed by the cover crop-snore snore. In addition, the interaction between the 10 treatment repeated 3 times showed that treatment with the use of plants snore snore-trimmed and then in mulsakan, showed increased growth rate is better than trimming of treatment is not mulched.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/137/051502549 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Apr 2015 08:25 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 05:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130112 |
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