Utami, Mardianti (2015) Respon Tanaman Kubis Bunga (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) yang Ditanam Pada Lahan Setelah Tanaman Terong (Solanum melongena L.) yang Diperlakukan dengan Aplikasi Berbagai Kombinasi Sumber N dan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Produktivitas beberapa komoditas pertanian di Indonesia banyak mengalami penurunan. Hal tersebut karena tingkat kesuburan tanah di Indonesia yang semakin menurun Salah satu upaya memperbaiki kesuburan tanah ialah melalui pengurangan aplikasi pupuk anorganik dan penambahan pupuk organik. Pada umumnya pupuk organik berupa pupuk kandang secara fisik, kimia, serta biologi dapat meningkatkan jumlah organisme mikro tanah (Supramudho, 2008). Pupuk organik dapat menyediakan unsur hara dalam waktu yang lama bagi tanaman. Hal tersebut karena proses pelepasan unsur hara pada pupuk bersifat lambat (slowrelease) sehingga bahan organik tersebut meninggalkan residu setelah dimanfaatkan tanaman pada musim pertama. Residu pupuk organik berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan peningkatan produksi tanaman pada musim tanam berikutnya (Yulia et al., 2011). Sementara aplikasi EM4 yang menyertai aplikasi pupuk kandang dapat mempercepat proses dekomposisi dan mineralisasi pupuk kandang dan mengurangi tingkat serangan penyakit pada tanaman. Pengaruh residu tersebut akan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda-beda pada tanaman yang ditanam pada musim berikutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari beberapa pengaruh residu antara lain 1) pengaruh residu berbagai kombinasi sumber N dan EM4 terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga, 2) pengaruh residu berbagai kombinasi sumber N terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga, 3) pengaruh residu aplikasi berbagai dosis EM4 terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga. Hipotesis yang diajukan ialah 1) Residu dari berbagai kombinasi sumber N dan dosis EM4 berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga, 2) Residu dari berbagai proporsi pupuk kandang kambing pada berbagai kombinasi sumber N dapat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga, 3) Residu dari berbagai dosis EM4 dapat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada lahan sawah di Desa Wonomulyo Kecamatan Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang pada akhir bulan Maret hingga Juni 2014. Lokasi tersebut terletak pada ketinggian 600 m dpl dengan jenis tanah andisol. Alat yang digunakan ialah tray pembibitan, gembor, timbangan analitik, penggaris, kamera digital, jangka sorong, sabit dan alat tulis. Bahan yang digunakan ialah benih kubis bunga varietas Forum, pupuk urea, SP-36, KCl, serta pestisida yang digunakan berbahan aktif streptomisin sulfat 20%, klorotalonil 75%, klorantraniliprol 50 g/l, metaldehyde 5%, karbofuran 3% dan flusulfamid 0,3%. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan diulang 3 kali yang telah dilakukan pada musim tanam sebelumnya. Faktor 1 ialah residu proporsi pupuk N anorganik–organik dengan mempergunakan dosis 138 kg N ha-1 yang terdiri atas 4 taraf : K0 = 100% urea, K1 = 75% urea + 25% kandang kambing, K2 = 50% urea + 50% kandang kambing, K3 = 25% urea + 75% kandang kambing, sedangkan faktor 2 ialah residu dosis EM4 yang terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu : E1 = 10 liter EM4/ha (100 ml larutan EM4/tanaman), E2 = 20 liter EM4/ha (200 ml larutan EM4/tanaman) , E3 = 30 liter EM4/ha (300 ml larutan EM4/tanaman). Dari kedua faktor tersebut di atas diperoleh 12 kombinasi, yakni K0E1, K0E2, K0E3, K1E1, K1E2, K1E3, K2E1, K2E2, K2E3, K3E1, K3E2, K3E3. Pengamatan non destruktif dilakukan setiap seminggu sekali dimulai pada umur 14 hst sebanyak 5 kali dengan 5 tanaman contoh yang meliputi tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai) dan diameter pangkal batang (cm) dan panen dilakukan pada umur 70 hst dengan 20 tanaman contoh yang meliputi bobot segar bunga per tanaman (g), bobot segar bunga per hektar (ton) dan diameter bunga (cm). Data yang didapatkan selanjutnya dilakukan uji lanjut BNT dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada lahan aplikasi kombinasi berbagai sumber N dan EM4 tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil dan pertumbuhan kubis bunga, akan tetapi apabila dilihat dari hasil analisis tanah dengan C/N yang rendah, maka hal tersebut dikarenakan bahwa unsur hara dari pupuk yang diberikan telah tersedia dan bakteri atau jasad renik tanah telah mati. Sedangkan, pada lahan aplikasi kombinasi sumber N berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil dan pertumbuhan apabila, dibandingkan dengan kontrol (hanya dipupuk urea) dengan hasil bunga sebesar 32,4; 29,6 dan 27,27 ton ha-1. Pada lahan aplikasi berbagai dosis EM4 tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil dan pertumbuhan kubis bunga, dikarenakan pada tanaman terong (musim tanam II) kadar N total tanah tinggi akibat pemberian pupuk urea yang menyebabkan bakteri azotobacter sp. dan penambat N lainnya menjadi tidak aktif karena sudah N dalam tanah sudah cukup tersedia. Hasil perhitungan analisis usahatani pada masing-masing perlakuan, keseluruhan perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan layak dan dapat memberikan keuntungan secara ekonomis terutama pada perlakuan K3E3 (residu 25% urea + 75% kandang kambing, serta 30 liter ha-1 EM4) dengan nilai R/C tertinggi sebesar 1,29.
English Abstract
The productivity of agriculture commodities in Indonesia are decreases. As the level of soil fertility in Indonesia is declining. One of the effort to improve soil fertility is throught reduction application of inorganic fertilizer and addition of organic fertlizer. Commonly, organic fertilizer is made from manure, which is physical, chemical and biological is able to increase of microorganism of the soil (Supramodho, 2008). Organic fertilizer is able to supply nutrient in long period of time for plants. It is can be caused by the process of nutrient’s extrication of the fertilizer happens slowly that the organic material leave some residual material behind after utilized by the plants in the first season. The residue of the organic fertilizer influence the growth and increase of the plant production in the next planting season (Yulia, et al., 2011). The application of EM4 which accompany the manure application can accelerate the process of decomposition and mineralization of the manure and decrease the level of plant disease. The effect of the residue will contribute different effect for the plants which are planted in the next season. The research aim to study the effect of residue, ie : 1) the effect of residue various combination of N source and doses of EM4 on the the growth and yield of cauliflower, 2) the effect of residue various combination of N source on the growth and yield of cauliflower, 3) the effect of residue various doses of EM4 on the growth and yield of cauliflower. The hypothesis proposed, ie : 1) the residue various combination of N source and doses of EM4 can effect on the growth and yield of cauliflower, 2) the residue various combination of N source can effect on the growth and yield of cauliflower, 3) the residue various doses EM4 can effect on the growth and yield of cauliflower. This research has been conducted on paddy fields in Wonomulyo Village of Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency, East Java from March until June 2014. The location placed on the altitude 600 m asl with the soil of Andisol. The tool is a tray for seeding, a water container for watering, analytical scale, ruler, digital camera, calipers, sickle and stationaries. The substances used are cauliflower seed with Forum variety, urea fertilizer, SP-36, KCl, and pesticide with active chemical streptomisin sulfat 20%, klorotalonil 75%, klorantraniliprol 50 g, metaldehyde 5%, karbofuran 3% and flusulfamid 0,3%. The research used a factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 2 factors and 3 replication that have been on the previous growing season. The first factor was the proportion residue of N anorganic-organic fertilizer by using dosage 138 kg N ha-1 which consist 4 level ie : K0 = 100% urea, K1 = 75% urea + 25% goat manure, K2 = 50% urea + 50% goat manure, K3 = 25% urea + 75% goat manure, while the second factor was residue dosage EM4 that consists of 3 level, ie : E1= 10 liter EM4 ha-1 (100 ml liquid EM4/plant), E2 = 20 liter EM4 ha-1 (200 ml liquid EM4/plant), E3= 30 liter EM4-1 (300 ml liquid EM4/plant). From both factors are obtained 12 combinations, ie : K0E1, K0E2, K0E3, K1E1, K1E2, K1E3, K2E1, K2E2, K2E3, K3E1, K3E2, K3E3. Non-destructive observation is done once time for a week, starting in age 14 dap in 5 times with 5 plants sample involved plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), and stem diameter (cm), and the harvest is done in age 70 dap with 20 plants sample involved, fresh flower weight per plant (g), fresh flower weight per plant (ton) and flower diameter (cm). The data obtained were analysed by using analysis of variance, followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test of 5%. The result showed that the land application various combination of N sources and EM4 not significant on the growth and yield of cauliflower, but when seen from the result of land analysis with the low C/N, it is because the nutrition elements of soil from fertilizer that are given has already provided and the bacteria or the elements of soil die. While in the application land, the combination of N source gives significantly effect on the growth and yield, if it is compared with the control (only urea fertilizer) with the flower weight as much as follows 32,4; 29,6; and 27,27 ton ha-1. The land application various doses of EM4 are not significant on the growth and yield, because eggplant (plant season II) the content N total of soil is high caused by giving urea fertilizer that causes azotobacter sp. bacteria and fastening other N becomes not active because N in soil is enough available. The result of analysis count farming in each treatment, the overall treatment indicates that the treatment is feasible and can provide economic benefits especially in the treatment K3E3 (residue 25% urea + 75% goat and 30 liter ha-1 EM4 ) with the highest R/C value ie 1,29.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/134/051502467 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Apr 2015 14:00 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 05:33 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130109 |
Preview |
Text
1a_cover.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
1b_cover.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
2_a_lembar_pernyataan_dan_persetujuan.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
2_b_lembar_pengesahan.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
3_a_ringkasan.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
3_b_summary.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
3_c_kata_pengantar.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
3_d_riwayat_hidup.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
4_daftar_isi.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_I.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_II.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_III.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_IV.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_V.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
DAFTAR_PUSTAKA.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |