JayantiN, Afinta (2015) Pengaruh Tingkat Defoliasi pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tiga Varietas Ubi Jalar (Ipomea batatas L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas) merupakan salah satu tanaman palawija yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia. Hampir seluruh produksi ubi jalar nasional digunakan sebagai bahan pangan. Komoditas ubi jalar sangat layak dipertimbangkan dalam menunjang program diversifikasi pangan yang berbasis tepung karena memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang baik, umur tanam yang relatif pendek, produksi yang tinggi. Selain itu, ubi jalar juga merupakan salah satu komoditas lokal sumber serat pangan (dietary fiber). Ubi jalar memilki sifat fungsional lainnya bagi tubuh karena mengandung pigmen antosianin. Peningkatan produktivitas tanaman ubi jalar dapat dilakukan dengan cara memperbaiki sistem budidaya dan varietasnya. Defoliasi adalah pengambilan sebagian atau seluruh bagian tanaman yang terdapat diatas permukaan tanah dengan alat, manusia atau ternak. Jumlah sulur yang dibuang dalam awal pertumbuhan ubi jalar disebut jumlah defoliasi. Pengaturan jumlah defoliasi sangat penting dalam peningkatan produksi ubi jalar karena jumlah defoliasi sangat erat hubungannya dengan pertumbuhan daun sehingga mempengaruhi produktivitas ubi jalar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah defoliasi batang pada tiga varietas ubi jalar terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas ubi jalar serta menentukan jumlah defoliasi yang tepat pada setiap varietas ubi jalar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun Republik Telo (Sentra Pengembangan Agribisnis Terpadu) di Jl. Raya Purwodadi no 1 Desa Simping Purwodadi, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Alat yang digunakan antara lain LAM, timbangan analitik, pengaris, meteran, cangkul, gunting, tugal, dan Light Meter. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bibit ubi jalar dan pupuk organik. Penelitian menggunakan percobaan faktorial dengan dasar Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri 2 faktor, yaitu varietas ubi jalar dan tingkat defoliasi. Varietas ubi jlara terdiri dari 3 jenis yaitu V1 = varietas Jago; V2 = varietas Beta dan V3 = varietas Antin. Tingkat defoliasi dengan 4 taraf yaitu D0 = tanpa defoliasi; D1 = defoliasi menyisakan 1 sulur; D2 = defoliasi menyisakan 2 sulur dan D4 = defoliasi menyisakan 3 sulur. Petak percobaan berukuran 1 x 1,4 m dengan jarak pusat ke pusat (pkp) 30 cm dan jarak dalam baris. Total kombinasi perlakuan adalah 4 x 3 = 12 perlakuan. Tiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga terdapat 3 x 12 = 36 petak percobaan. Peubah dan parameter yang diamati adalah komponen pertumbuhan meliputi jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang tanaman dan intersepsi cahaya. Komponen hasil meliputi panjang umbi, jumlah umbi, berat umbi dan kadar pati. Setiap petak pengamatan diambil 5 sampel tanaman. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5% untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan. Apabila hasilnya nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf nyata 5% untuk mengetahui perbedaan diantara perlakuan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa vaietas ubi jalar tidak berpengaruh terhadap komponen hasil tetapi berpengaruh terhadap parameter jumlah daun; panjang daun, luas daun dan intersepsi cahaya. Tingkat defoliasi memberikan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi ubi jalar meliputi parameter jumlah daun, panjang daun, intersepsi cahaya, berat umbi dan kadar pati umbi jalar. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan varietas ubi jalar dengan tingkat defoliasi terhadap komponen pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil pada ubi jalar. Pada perbandingan perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tingkat defoliasi dengan menyisakan 2 sulur memiliki pertumbuhan dan hasil yag lebih banyak diantara perlakuan defoliasi lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Disaran untuk perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang penentuan waktu defoliasi yang tepat sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil panen.
English Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the crops that are widely available in Indonesia. Almost the entire national production of sweet potato is used as a food ingredient. Commodities sweet potato is very worthy of consideration in supporting food diversification program based flour because it contains good nutrition, planting a relatively short lifespan, high production. In addition, the sweet potato is also one of the local commodity sources of dietary fiber (dietary fiber). Sweet potatoes have the other functional properties for the body because they contain anthocyanin pigments. Increased productivity of sweet potato plant can be done by improving the system of cultivation and varieties. Defoliation is taking some or all parts of the plant that are above the soil surface by means of, human or animal. Total tendrils are removed in the initial growth of sweet potato called a number of defoliation. Setting the amount of defoliation is important in increasing the production of sweet potatoes because the amount of defoliation is very closely related to the growth of leaves that affect the productivity of sweet potato. This study aims to determine the effect of defoliation stems on three varieties of sweet potato on the growth and productivity of sweet potato. This research was conducted in Republik Telo (Sentra Pengembangan Agribisnis Terpadu) on Jl. Raya Purwodadi no 1 Village Simping Purwodadi, Pasuruan. The tools used include LAM, analytical balance, shoes, shears, drill, and Light Meter. The materials in this study were seeds of sweet potato and organic fertilizer. The research method was factorial experimental basis randomized block design comprising two factors, namely sweet potato varieties and levels of defoliation. Potato varieties consists of 3 types of V1 = Varieties Jago; V2 = varieties of Beta and V3 = Varieties Antin. Defoliation levels with 4 levels ie D0 = without defoliation; D1 = 1 vine leaves defoliation; D2 = defoliation 2 vine leaves and defoliation D4 = 3 vine leaves. Experimental plots measuring 1 x 1,4 m with a center to center distance (CTC) 30 cm and within row spacing. Total combined treatment was 4 x 3 = 12 treatment. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there are 3 x 12 = 36 experimental plots. Variables observed in study were are components of growth include the number of leaves, leaf area, plant length and light interception. Components of yield include the tuber length, number of tubers, tuber weight and starch content. Each plot observations taken 5 plant samples. Sample observations were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) at the 5% level to determine the effect of treatment. If the result isthen followed by LSD test at 5% significance level to determine differences among treatments. The results of this research is that varieties are not striving to yield components but striving to parameter number of leaves; long leaves; leaf area and light interception. The level of defoliation provide significant effect on the growth and production of sweet potatoes include the parameter number of leaves; long leaves; light interception; tuber weight and tuber starch content of sweet. There is no interaction between treatment of sweet potato varieties with the level of defoliation on growth and yield components components in sweet potato. In the comparison of treatment showed that the level of defoliation by leaving 2 tendrils have a growth and yield more yag among other defoliation treatments. Based on the research results Disaran to be done research on the exact timing of defoliation in order to increase yields.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/124/051502457 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Apr 2015 09:25 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 04:28 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130098 |
Preview |
Text
BAB_I.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_II.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_III.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_IV.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAB_V.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |