Damayanti, Erlinda (2014) Perkembangan Populasi Larva Penggerek Batang Dan Musuh Alaminya Pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) PHT. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Padi ( Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman yang paling penting Indonesia. Dalam budidaya tanaman padi juga terdapat serangan hama. Hama tanaman padi sangat beragam, salah satunya yaitu penggerek batang. Serangan hama penggerek batang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan berat dan kehilangan hasil yang tinggi. Serangan penggerek batang padi terjadi semenjak di persemaian sampai masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman padi. Keberadaan musuh alami dapat menekan pertumbuhan populasi dan intensitas serangan larva penggerek batang padi. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian tentang perkembangan populasi larva penggerek batang padi dan musuh alaminya pada sistem PHT. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sepanjang, Kecamatan Glenmore, Kabupaten Banyuwangi dan di Laboratorium Hama, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang mulai bulan Maret 2014 sampai Juni 2014. Sebelum pengolahan tanah, dilakukan analisis tanah terlebih dahulu pada lahan PHT untuk mengetahui kondisi tanah dan kebutuhan pupuk yang akan digunakan. Pada lahan PHT dan konvensional dipasang perangkap panci kuning di pinggir petak lahan untuk menangkap musuh alami. Batang padi pada tanaman contoh yang menunjukkan gejala dicabut bagian pangkalnya untuk mengetahui keberadaan larva penggerek batang padi. Dalam pengamatan populasi dan intensitas serangan larva penggerek batang padi dilaksanakan dengan mengamati 11 titik pengamatan yang masing masing terdapat 2 tanaman contoh tiap titik pengamatan. Populasi larva dan intensitas serangan penggerek batang padi mengalami perubahan setiap minggunya. Populasi larva penggerek batang padi paling tinggi pada lahan konvensional sebesar 1,45 ekor per rumpun pada 7 MST, sedangkan pada lahan PHT populasi larva tertinggi pada 11 MST sebesar 1,64 ekor per rumpun. Populasi larva penggerek batang padi pada lahan konvensional mulai menurun pada 8 MST, sedangkan pada lahan PHT pada 12 MST. Intensitas serangan penggerek batang padi paling tinggi pada kedua lahan terjadi pada 6 MST, pada lahan konvensional intensitas serangannya sebesar 6,73% per rumpun dan pada lahan PHT 9,04% per rumpun. intensitas serangan penggerek batang pada lahan PHT mulai menurun pada 10 MST, sedangkan pada lahan konvensional 7 MST. Parasitoid yang ditemukan pada kedua lahan yaitu Telenomus rowani , T. podisi , Scelionid dan Eulophid. Sedangkan predator yang ditemukan Paederus fuscipes , P. tamulus , Menochilus sexmaculatus , Clubiona japonicola, Pardosa sp., Berosus sp., Calosoma semilaeve dan Carabid.
English Abstract
Rice plant ( Oryza sativa L) is the most important plant in Indonesia. Rice plant has various of pest, one of them is stem borer. Stem borer is a harmful pest, because it can inflict heavy damage and harvest degradation. The stem borer attack could happen since in the seedbed until the period of growth and development. The existence of natural enemies could reduce the growth of population and the stem borer intensity. Therefore, a research about the increasing of rice stem borer larvae population and its natural enemies on IPM system has been conducted. The research was conducted in rice field at Sepanjang village, Glenmore district, Banyuwangi regency and in the Laboratory of Pest, Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang from Maret 2014 until June 2014. Before cultivating the land, land analysis was initially conducted in IPM land to determine soil conditions and the needs of fertilizer. In the IPM and conventional land, yellow pan trap were installed to catch the natural enemies. Rice stems on sample plants that showed symptoms, were revoked its base part to determine the existence of rice stem borer larvae. The observation of population and the rice stem borer larvae attacks intensity were conducted by observing the 11 points of observation which 2 sample plants in each observation. The rice stem borer larvae population and the intensity of stem borer attack changed every week. The highest rice stem borer larvae population at convensional land was 1,45 per hill of the 7 WAP. While on the IPM land, the highest larvae population on the 11 WAP was 1,64 per hill. The population of rice stem borer larvae on convensional land began to decline at 8 WAP, while on IPM land at 12 WAP. The highest stem borer attacks intensity on both land were 6 WAP, on convensional land was 6,73% per hill and on the IPM land was 9,04% per hill. The intensity of stem borer attacks on IPM land began to decline at 10 WAP, while on convensional at 7 WAP. The parasitoid found in the both lands were Telenomus rowani , T. podisi , Scelionid and Eulophid. While predator which have been found were Paederus fuscipes , P. tamulus , Menochilus sexmaculatus , Clubiona japonicola , Pardos a sp., Berosus sp., Calosoma semilaeve and Carabid.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/495/051500060 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Jan 2015 14:45 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 13:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129981 |
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