KumalasariRoswitaNur (2014) Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Ekstrak Nabati Terhadap Infeksi Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Pada Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Mentimun ( Cucumis sativus L.) merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran dari keluarga labu-labuan (Cucurbitaceae). Tanaman mentimun rentan terhadap penyakit tanaman, salah satunya virus tanaman yaitu Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV). Gejala pada CMV cenderung khas terdapat gambaran mosaik pada daun, daun cenderung menjadi sempit, mengeriting dan berwarna hijau muda. (Semangun,1994). Untuk megurangi penurunan produksi mentimun yang disebabkan oleh CMV perlu agen penginduksi yang dikenal dengan ketahanan sistemik terinduksi (KST). Selain itu tanaman memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif yang bersifat antiviral berperan dalam penghambatan pergerakan virus. Salah satu cara dengan penggunaan ekstrak nabati. Ekstrak nabati yang digunakan yaitu bunga pukul empat ( Mirabilis jalapa ), bayam duri ( Amaranthus spinosus ), eceng gondok ( Eichornia crassipes ), rumput laut ( Euchema alvarezii ). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kawat dan Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai pada bulan Mei sampai September 2014. Metode penelitian menggunakan 2 percobaan, pertama, pengaruh 4 macam ekstrak nabati pada konsentrasi yang berbeda terhadap ketahanan CMV. Menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor, faktor pertama yaitu jenis ekstrak nabati yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu A 1 : Ekstrak daun E. crassipes ; B 1 : Ekstrak daun E. alvarezii ; C 1 : Ekstrak daun M. jalapa ; D 1 : Ekstrak daun A. spinosus . Faktor kedua terdiri dari perbedaan konsentrasi dengan 4 taraf yaitu K 1 : Konsentrasi ekstrak nabati 0%; K 2 : 50%; K 3 : 75%; K 4: 100%. Percobaan kedua, peran 4 macam ekstrak nabati sebagai inhibitor infeksi virus CMV. Menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 macam jenis ekstrak nabati ( E. crassipes, E. alvarezii, M. jalapa, A. spinosus ). Masing–masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Percobaan pertama dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf 5%. Apabila berbeda nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf kesalahan 5% dan percobaan kedua menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan masa inkubasi terlama antara perlakuan ekstrak dan konsentrasi yang berbeda terjadi pada konsentrasi 50%, E. crassipes sebesar 12,33 hari, E. alvarezii sebesar 12,00 hari, M. jalapa sebesar 16,00 hari, A. spinosus sebesar 13,67 hari. Intensitas penyakit terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 50%, E. crassipes yaitu 13,63%, E. alvarezii yaitu 14.94%, M. jalapa yaitu 11,05%, A. spinosus yaitu 13,67%. Masa inkubasi terlama perlakuan ekstrak nabati bersamaan dengan CMV pada M. jalapa 7,50 hari. Intensitas penyakit terendah pada M. jalapa yaitu 13,91%. Dan perlakuan aplikasi ekstrak A.
English Abstract
Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the vegetables from family pumpkin (Cucurbitaceae). Cucumber plants are susceptible to plant diseases, one of them is Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) viruses. Typical symptoms of CMV are mosaic pattern on the leaves, narrow leaves, curling and light green leaves. (Semangun, 1994). Induser, known as Induced Systemic Resistence, is needed to reduce cucumber production decline. The plant also contains antiviral compounds that are actively involved in the inhibition of virus movement. One of the ways is using by vegetable extracts. Vegetable extracts used were four oclock flower ( Mirabilis jalapa ), spinach spines ( Amaranthus spinosus ), water hyacinth ( Eichornia crassipes ), seaweed ( Euchema alvarezii ). The research was conducted in the screenhouse and Laboratory of Plant Diseases Plant Pest and Disease Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. Implementation of the study began from May to September 2014. The method used two experiments, the first experiment to know the effect of four kinds of vegetable extracts wich different concentrations on CMV resistance. It used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with three replications. The treatment consisted of two factors, the first factor was type of vegetable extract that consists of 4 levels, namely A 1 : E. crassipes extract; B 1 : E. alvarezii extract; C 1 : M. jalapa extract; D 1 : A. spinosus extract. The second factor was different concentration consisted of 4 levels ie K 1 : 0%; K 2 : 50%; K 3 : 75%; K 4 : 100%. The second experiment to know the four kinds of vegetable extracts as an inhibitor of CMV virus infection. It used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replication. The treatment consised four types of vegetable extracts ( E. crassipes , E. alvarezii , M. jalapa , A. spinosus ). Experiments were analyzed used the F test at 5% level. If they were real, they will be followed by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) at 5% error level and a second experiment used Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% error level. Results showed that the longest incubation period between extract treatment and different concentrations occurred at concentration of 50%, E. crassipes, E. alvarezii, M. jalapa, A. spinosus were 12.33, 12.00, 16.00, 13.67 days. The lowest disease intensity occured at concentration of 50%. E. crassipes, E. alvarezii, M. jalapa, A. spinosus were 13.63%, 14.94%, 11.05%, 13.67%. The longest incubation period of vegetables extracts treatment along with CMV on M. jalapa at 7.50 days. The lowest disease intensity on M. jalapa was 13.91%. Application extracts of A. spinosus, E.alvarezi, E. crassipes and M. jalapa may act as an inhibitor.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/490/051500055 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Jan 2015 14:38 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 13:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129976 |
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