Permana, AsepDeny (2014) Pengaruh Perbedaan Umur Bibit Single Bud Planting Dengan Pemupukan Nitrogen Pada Pertumbuhan Awal Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Merupakan Tanaman Penghasil Gula Terbesar Yang Termasuk Ke Dalam Famili Gramineae. Gula Merupakan Salah Satu Kebutuhan Pokok Bagi Penduduk Indonesia Yang Selalu Meningkat Terus Dari Tahun Ke Tahun Seiring Dengan Bertambahnya Jumlah Penduduk. Peningkatan Konsumsi Ini Tidak Dapat Dipenuhi Dari Produksi Gula Dalam Negeri, Sehingga Harus Mengimpor Untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Tersebut. Untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Gula Nasional Tersebut, Diperlukan Upaya Untuk Peningkatan Produksi Tanaman Tebu. Salah Satu Cara Peningkatan Produksi Tanaman Tebu Ialah Dengan Penggunaan Bibit Unggul Dan Dosis Pupuk Yang Tepat. Pembibitan Tebu Dengan Teknik Single Bud Planting (SBP) Merupakan Teknik Pembibitan Baru Di Indonesia Adaptasi Dari Kolombia Yang Memiliki Tingkat Kemurnian Tinggi, Mempunyai Daya Tumbuh Seragam, Jumlah Anakan Yang Dihasilkan Lebih Banyak Dibanding Sistem Pembibitan Konvensional, Sehingga Semua Pabrik Gula Menerapkan Sistem Pembibitan Ini. Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Pembibitan SBP Memerlukan Waktu 75 Hari Sebelum Dipindah Tanam Pada Lahan. Dengan Umur Yang Relatif Panjang Tersebut Perlu Adanya Upaya Mempercepat Waktu Pada Pembibitan SBP, Sehingga Biaya Yang Dikeluarkan Untuk Perawatan Tanaman Dapat Dikurangi, Hal Itu Juga Membuat Penanaman Bibit SBP Pada Lahan Lebih Cepat Tanpa Perlu Menunggu Bibit Berumur 75 Hari. Salah Satu Cara Untuk Memperpendek Umur Pembibitan Ialah Dengan Pemberian Dosis Pupuk N Yang Tepat Pada Tanaman SBP Yang Lebih Muda, Sehingga Ketika Penanaman Di Lapang, Bibit Yang Lebih Muda Dapat Tumbuh Sama Baiknya Dengan Bibit Yang Berumur Lebih Tua. Penelitian Dilaksanakan Di Desa Darungan, Kecamatan Tanggul, Kabupaten Jember. Alat Yang Digunakan Antara Lain: Tugal, Traktor, Sabit, Cangkul, Polibag, Pottray, Jangka Sorong, Meteran, Klorofilmeter. Bahan Yang Digunakan Dalam Penelitian Ini Adalah Bibit SBP Varietas BL Yang Telah Berumur 45 Hari, 60 Hari Dan 75 Hari Serta Pupuk Nitrogen, Pupuk Nitrogen Yang Digunakan Yaitu Pupuk Urea. Penelitian Menggunakan Percobaan Faktorial Dengan Dasar Rancangan Acak Kelompok Yang Terdiri 2 Faktor, Yaitu Umur Bibit SBP Dan Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen. Umur Bibit SBP Terdiri Dari 3 Taraf Yaitu U45 = Bibit SBP Umur 45 Hari, U60 = Bibit SBP Umur 60 Hari, U75 = Bibit SBP Umur 75 Hari. Pupuk Nitrogen (N) Dengan 3 Taraf Yaitu N120 = 120 Kg N Ha-1, N160 = 160 Kg N Ha-1, N200 = 200 Kg N Ha-1. Petak Percobaan Berukuran 4 X 5 M Dengan Jarak Pusat Ke Pusat (Pkp) 1 M Dan Jarak Dalam Baris. Total Kombinasi Perlakuan Adalah 3 X 3 = 9 Perlakuan. Tiap Perlakuan Diulang 3 Kali Sehingga Terdapat 3 X 9 = 27 Petak Percobaan. Peubah Dan Parameter Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Tebu Yang Diukur Meliputi Jumlah Anakan Per Rumpun, Panjang Tanaman, Diameter Batang, Jumlah Ruas, Jumlah Daun Per Tanaman, Luas Daun, Klorofil Daun Dan Taksasi Bobot Tanaman. Setiap Petak Pengamatan Diambil 5 Sampel Tanaman. Data Pengamatan Yang Diperoleh Dianalisis Dengan Menggunakan Analisis Ragam (Uji F) Pada Taraf 5% Untuk Mengetahui Pengaruh Perlakuan. Apabila Hasilnya Nyata Maka Dilanjutkan Dengan Uji BNT Pada Taraf Nyata 5% Untuk Mengetahui Perbedaan Diantara Perlakuan. Dari Hasil Penelitian Dapat Diketahui Bahwa Perlakuan Bibit Umur 60 Hari (U60) Dengan Dosis Pemupukan 200 Kg Ha-1 (N200), Memiliki Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Yang Sama Baiknya Dengan Perlakuan Bibit Yang Berumur 75 Hari (U75) Dengan Dosis Pupuk Yang Sama ( 200 Kg Ha-1) Pada Parameter Pengamatan Jumlah Daun, Jumlah Anakan, Panjang Tanaman, Luas Daun, Indeks Klorofil Daun, Diameter Batang, Dan Jumlah Ruas. Untuk Hasil Taksasi Bobot Tebu Interaksi Antara Perlakuan Bibit U60+N200 Memiliki Taksasi Bobot Sebesar 476,53 Ku Ha-1, Hal Ini Tidak Berbeda Nyata Dengan Interaksi Perlakuan Bibit U75+N200 Dengan Hasil Taksasi Bobot Tebu 473,06 Ku Ha-1, Namun Berbeda Nyata Interaksi Perlakuan U45+N200 Dengan 387,19 Ku Ha-1. Pada Perbandingan Perlakuan Sistem Polibag Dengan Sistem Pottray Menunjukkan Bahwa Perlakuan Polibag Memiliki Pertumbuhan Awal Dan Taksasi Bobot Yang Lebih Baik Dibandingkan Dengan Sistem Pottray.
English Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Is The Plant That Produces The Greatest Amount Of Sugar, Which Belongs To Gramineae Family. Sugar Is One Of The Basic Requirements For The Indonesian People And The Demand Of The Product Keeps Increasing Along With The Rapid Growth Of Population. The Increasing Consumption Of Sugar Could Not Be Fulfilled By The Domestic Sugar Production, So That It Must Be Imported In Order To Fulfill The Requirement. In Order To Fulfill The Demand Of National Sugar Requirement, Some Efforts Must Be Taken To Increase The Production Of Sugarcane. One Of Them Is Planting The Superior Seedlings And Applying Appropriate Dosage Of Fertilizer. The Sugarcane Seedling That Applying Single Bud Planting (SBP) Technique Is The New Technique Adapted From Colombia, Which Has High Purity Level, Uniform Viability, And Produces More Plantlets In Comparison With The Application Of Conventional Seedling System, So That The Whole Sugar Mills Apply Such Seedling System. Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Of SBP Seedlings Takes 75 Days Before The Plants Are Transferred To The Field. Because Of Relative Longer Time That Must Be Taken, Some Efforts Are Required To Shorten The SBP Seedling In Order To Reduce The Maintenance Cost And Shorten The Seedling Time Without Waiting For The Required Time Of Seedling, Which Usually Takes 75 Days. One Of The Efforts To Shorten The Seedling Age Is By Applying Appropriate Dosage Of N On Younger SBP Seedling, Therefore When The Seedlings Are Being Transferred To The Field, The Younger Seedlings Will Grow As Better As Older Ones. The Research Was Conducted At Darungan Village, Tanggul Subdistrict, Jember Regency. The Applied Equipments Included: Dibble, Tractor, Sickle, Mattock, Polybag, Pottray, Sliding Caliper, Tape Measure, And Chlorophyll-Meter. Materials Of The Research Included SBP Seedlings Of BL Variety, Which Have Reached The Age Of 45 Days, 60 Days, And 75 Days, As Well As The Application Of Nitrogen Urea Fertilizers. The Research Applied A Factorial Experiment That Based On Randomized Block Design, Which Comprised Of 2 Factors, Such As The Age Of SBP Seedling And Dosage Of Nitrogen Application. Ages Of SBP Seedlings Comprised Of 3 Levels, Such As U45 = SBP Seedlings At The Age Of 45 Days, U60 = SBP Seedlings At The Age Of 60 Days, And U75 = SBP Seedlings At The Age Of 75 Days. Nitrogen (N) Fertilizer That Comprised Of 3 Levels, Such As N120 = 120 Kg N Ha-1, N160 = 160 Kg N Ha-1, N200 = 200 Kg N Ha-1. Size Of The Experimental Plot Is 4 X 5 M, By Center-To-Center Spacing Of 1 M And Spacing In Row. Total Combinations Of The Treatment Were 3 X 3 = 9 Treatments. Each Treatment Had 3 Replications, So That There Were 3 X 9 = 27 Experimental Plots. Variables And Parameters Of The Vegetative Growth Of The Sugarcane, Which Were Measured, Included Numbers Of Tillers, Plant Length, Diameter Of Stem, Number Of Internodes, Number Of Leaf Per Plant, Leaf Area, Chlorophyll Of The Leaf, And Taxation Of The Plant Weight. 5 Samples Of The Plant Were Taken From Each Of The Observed Plot. The Obtainable Data Of The Observation Was Analyzed Using Analysis Of Variance (F-Test) At The Level Of 5% In Order To Find Out Effect Of The Treatment. If The Result Is Significant, It Will Be Continued With LSD (Least Significant Difference) Test At The Significant Level Of 5% In Order To Find Out The Differences Among Treatments. Based On Result Of The Research, It Showed That Treatment Using 60 Days-Seedling (U60) By Dosage Of Fertilizer 200 Kg Ha-1 (N200), Had Better Vegetative Growth As Well As The Treatment Of 75 Days-Seedling (U75) By The Same Dosage (200 Kg Ha-1) On The Observable Parameters, Such As Number Of Leaf, Number Of Plantlet, Plant Length, Leaf Area, Leaf Chlorophyll Index, Diameter Of The Stem, And Number Of Internodes. For Taxation Result Of The Sugarcane Weight Among Treatment Of U60+N200 Seedling Showed The Weight Taxation For About 476.53 Ku Ha-1, And It Had Insignificant Difference With Interaction Of The Treatment U75+N200 Seedling That Resulted 473.06 Ku Ha-1, But It Had Significant Difference With Interaction Of The Treatment U45+N200, Which Resulted 387.19 Ku Ha-1. For The Treatment Comparison Between The Polybag And Pottray Systems, It Showed That For Polybag System, The Early Growth And Weight Taxation Were Better Than The Pottray System.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/426/051407819 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Nov 2014 10:12 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 12:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129904 |
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