Nurfitriyah, Anisa (2014) Potensi Protein Pomacea canaliculata, Erionata thrax, dan Valanga nigricornis sebagai Medium Substitusi Perbanyakan Bakteri Agens Hayati Penyakit Busuk Lunak Umbi Kentang (Erwiniacarotovora). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Erwinia carotovora merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit busuk lunak umbi kentang, baik dilapang maupun di gudang (Addy, 2007) dengan kerusakan antara 15 100% (Vanneste, 1996). Javandira (2012) mengemukakan bahwa Bacillus subtilisberpotensi mengendalikan patogen Erwinia carotvora dengan menghasilkan antibiotik. Bacillus subtilis menghasilkan senyawa siderofor dan antibiotik yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan patogen (Habazaar dan Yahewardi, 2006).Sifat antagonis Bacillus subtilis banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai agens hayati yang mulai banyak dikembangkan. Perbanyakan bakteri agens hayati biasanya menggunakan medium EKG (Ekstrak Kentang Gula) yang mempunyai kandungan protein rendah, padahal bakteri membutuhkan banyak protein untuk tumbuh.Salah satu medium yang cocok adalah NB (Nutrient Broth), tetapi medium ini sangat mahal. Ada banyak sumber protein di alam dari jenis hama seperti keong mas, ulat dan belalang. Keong mas mempunyai kandungan protein sebesar 10,30% (Susanto, 2010), golongan serangga (termsauk ulat atau larva) sebesar 40-60% (Koswara, 2012), dan kandungan protein belalang sebesar 62,2% (Kusmaryani, 2005). Potensi protein hama-hama tersebut perlu diteliti untuk dijadikan medium substitusi perbanyakan bakteri agens hayati. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Oktober 2013 hingga Mei 2014 di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Metode Penelitian meliputi uji medium substitusi untuk perbanyakan bakteri agens hayati B, subtilis dengan berbagai konsentrasi dan uji aktivitas antagonis agens hayati B. subtilis terhadap Erwinia carotovora setelah diperbanyak dengan medium substitusi. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan uji lanjut Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf nyata 5%. Medium substitusi keong mas, ulat dan belalang dapat dijadikan pengganti Nutrient Broth untuk perbanyakan agens hayati B, subtilis dengan kerapatan akhir (setelah digojok 48 jam) sebesar 1016 (meningkat 107) untuk medium keong dan sebesar 10 18 (meningkat 108) untuk medium ulat dan belalang. Hasil uji kandungan protein medium substitusi cair untuk keong mas antara 4,8-5%, sebesar 5,4-5,8% untuk medium ulat dan belalang pada semua perlakuan konsetrasi. Kandungan ini setara dengan kandungan protein Nutrient Broth sebesar 5,88%. Agens hayati B, subtilis tetap bersifat antagonis terhadap Erwinia carotovora setelah diperbanyak menggunakan medium substitusi dengan menghasilkan indeks zona bening. Rata-rata indeks zona bening yang dihasilkan antara 0,58-0,71 cm pada semua perlakuan. Indeks zona bening terbesar yang dihasilkan adalah 0,71 cm pada medium CP4 (konsentrasi 10 gram tepung belalang/L aquades) lebih baik dari kontrol P0 (8 gram Nutrient Broth/L aquades) yang menghasilkan 0,64 cm.
English Abstract
Erwinia carotovora is one of the causes potato tuber soft rot disease, both in the field and in the storage which damage between 15-100% (Vanneste, 1996). Javandira (2012) suggested that Bacillus subtilis is potentially to be controlled the pathogen Erwinia carotvora by producing antibiotics. Bacillus subtilis are produced siderophores and antibiotic that can be inhibited the growth of pathogens (Habazaar andYahewardi, 2006). Antagonist of Bacillus subtilis is used as a biological agent that is started has been developed. Propagation of bacteria biological agents usually use medium ECG (Potato Extract Sugar) which has a low protein content, whereas the bacteria need a lot of protein to grow. One compatible medium is NB (Nutrient Broth), but this medium is very expensive. There are many sources of protein in the nature, especially kind of pests such as snails, caterpillars and grasshoppers. Snails have a protein content of 10.30% (Susanto, 2010), groups of insects (including caterpillars or larvae) about 40-60% (Koswara, 2012), and the protein content of grasshoppers about 62.2% (Kusmaryani, 2005). Potential proteins of that pest is needed to be studied to be used as a substitution growth medium of bacteria biological agents. The reserch was conducted in October 2013 to May 2014 in the Disease Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases Department, Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang. Research methods include substitution test medium for the propagation of bacteria biological agents B.subtilis with various concentrations and anatgonis activity test of biological agents B. subtilis against Erwinia carotovora after propagated with substitution medium. The design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with Duncan further test (DMRT) at5% significance level. Substitution medium snails, caterpillars and grasshoppers could potentially be a substitution propagation medium biological agent B.subtilis and have equal ability to Nutrient Broth medium. Final density of B.subtilis (after 48 hours shaker) is 1016(increase 107) for snails medium and 1018(increase 108) for caterpillars medium and grasshoppers medium. Protein content test results substitution liquid medium about 4.8 to 5% for snails and about 5.4 to 5.8% for caterpillars medium and grasshoppers medium in all treatment concentrations. The contentis equivalent to the protein content of Nutrient Broth which is about 5.88%. Biological agents B. subtilis still antagonistic to Erwinia carotovora after propagated by substitution medium which is characterized by clear zone. Average clear zone index that resulted in all treatment are about 0.58 to 0.71cm. The largest clear zone index resulted was 0.71 cm in the medium CP4 (concentration of 10 grams of flour grasshopper/L distilled water) better than the control P0 (8 grams of Nutrient Broth/L distilled water) which results 0.64cm.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/250/051406078 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Oct 2014 10:48 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 06:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129712 |
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