Wirawan, AhmadEri (2014) Analisis Perbedaan Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem PHT dan Konvensional terhadap Keanekaragaman Jamur Trichoderma sp. pada Lahan Padi di Desa Bayem Kecamatan Kasembon, Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman padi memiliki peranan yang besar bagi komoditi pangan di Indonesia. Dalam rangka meningkatkan produksi padi, pemerintah berusaha untuk meningkatkan produksinya guna mencapai swasembada. Banyak cara yang digunakan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan produksi padi dalam negeri, terutama dilakukan dengan intensifikasi (Pertanian modern). Penerapan PHT dengan penambahan bahan organik dan mengurangi penggunaan pestisida kimia diharapkan mampu meningkatkan populasi dan keanekaragaman biota serta mikroorganisme tanah termasuk Trichoderma sp. yang bersifat menguntungkan bagi pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan teknologi PHT terhadap keanekaragaman Trichoderma sp. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan pertanaman padi di Desa Bayem Kecamatan Kasembon Kabupaten Malang dan di Laboratorium Mikologi Jurusan Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2012. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam empat tahap. Tahap pertama adalah pengambilan tanah contoh dari lahan padi, di lahan PHT dan lahan konvensional. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan empat kali, yaitu dua kali pengambilan saat tanaman pada fase vegetatif dan dua kali pengambilan sampel saat tanaman pada fase generatif. Tahap kedua adalah isolasi jamur tanah dengan metode soil dilution plate. Tahap ketiga adalah purifikasi jamur tanah hasil isolasi. Tahap keempat adalah identifikasi jamur tanah yang dimungkinkan merupakan Trichoderma sp. Variabel pengamatan pada penelitian ini berupa indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks dominasi. Hasil identifikasi jamur diketahui bahwa pada lahan PHT didapatkan 3 spesies Trichoderma sp. yaitu T. viride, T. harzianum dan T. koningii. Sedangkan pada lahan konvensional didapatkan 1 spesies Trichodema sp. yaitu T. harzianum. Indeks keanekaragaman Trichoderma sp. pada lahan PHT (1,093) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan indeks keanekaragaman pada lahan konvensional (0). Sedangkan indeks dominasi pada lahan PHT (0,335) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan indeks dominasi pada lahan konvensional (1).
English Abstract
Since ancient times rice has a major role for food commodities in Indonesia. In order to increase food production of rice, the government seeks to improve paddy production to achieve self-sufficiency. Many ways are used by the government to improve rice production in the country, mainly done by intensification (Modern Agriculture). Implementation of IPM with the addition of organic matter and reduce the use of chemical pesticides is expected to increase the population and diversity of biota and soil microorganisms including Trichoderma sp. which is favorable for agriculture. This research aims to determine the effect of the application of IPM technology to the development of Trichoderma sp. The experiment was conducted in rice cultivation in the Bayem Village, Kasembon, Malang and Mycology Laboratory in the Department of Plant Pests Brawijaya University. This research started on June to August 2012. The experiment was conducted in four stages. The first stage, sampling soil from rice fields, both IPM and conventional fields. Sampling was conducted four times, which is twice sampling taken in the vegetative phase and twice sampling taken in the generative phase. The second phase, the isolation of soil fungi with soil dilution plate method. The third stage, the purification of the isolated soil fungi. The fourth stage, the identification of the soil fungus Trichoderma sp. The variables considered in this study are observations diversity index and dominance index. Results of fungi identification are known that the IPM obtained 3 species of Trichoderma sp. each Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma koningii. Whereas in conventional fields obtained 1 species Trichoderma sp. namely Trichoderma harzianum. The results of the data analysis showed that the diversity index IPM diversity of Trichoderma sp. was higher than in conventional fields. The average value of the index of diversity on IPM is 1.0934922742. While the average index value of diversity in the conventional fields is 0. The results of the data analysis on the dominance index IPM are lower than conventional fields. The average value of the index on the dominance of IPM is 0.3357958568. While the average value of the index on the dominance of conventional land is 1.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/128/051403104 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jun 2014 14:43 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 03:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129577 |
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