Hapsari, RezytaTriYuli (2013) Keanekaragaman Jamur Endofit Akar Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea Reptanspoir.) Pada Lahan Pertanian Organik Dan Konvensional. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) termasuk jenis sayuran yang umum dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat secara komersial. Penggunaan sistem pertanian organik dan konvensional akan berpengaruh pada komponen ekosistem, misalnya keberadaan jamur yang terdapat di jaringan perakaran tanaman (jamur endofit). Berkurangnya keragaman organisme akan berdampak pada ketidakseimbangan dalam ekosistem. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan keanekaragaman jamur endofit yang terdapat pada akar tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) yang dibudidayakan dengan sistem pertanian organik dan konvensional. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Agustus 2013. Pengambilan contoh akar kangkung darat pada lahan pertanian organik dan konvensional di Kelurahan Cemorokandang, Kecamatan Kedungkandang, Kota Malang. Isolasi jamur endofit akar kangkung darat dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tanaman bagian Mikologi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode eksplorasi dan komparasi antara lahan pertanian organik dengan konvensional. Hasil isolasi dan identifikasi jamur endofit akar kangkung darat sebanyak 86 isolat yakni 45 isolat dari lahan pertanian organik dan 41 isolat dari lahan konvensional. Jamur endofit yang diperoleh dari lahan pertanian organik yakni 12 genus dengan 33 spesies, antara lain Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., Cephalosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Cylindrocephalum sp., Fusarium sp., Helicosporium sp., Hyalodendron sp., Nigrospora sp., Torula sp., dan jamur endofit tidak teridentifikasi. Jamur endofit yang diperoleh dari lahan konvensional yakni 14 genus dengan 27 spesies, antara lain Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., Botryotrichum sp., Botrytis sp., Cephalosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Mastigosporium sp., Mycotypha sp., Nigrospora sp., Paecilomyces sp., Passalora sp., Trichoderma sp., dan jamur endofit tidak teridentifikasi. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman jamur endofit akar kangkung pada lahan pertanian organik dan konvensinal > 3 yakni 3,807 dan 3,122 yang termasuk kriteria keanekaragaman tinggi. Indeks keseragaman jamur endofit akar pada lahan pertanian organik dan konvensional termasuk dalam keseragaman tinggi yakni 1,089 dan 0,947. Apabila kriteria termasuk dalam keseragaman tinggi maka menunjukkan bahwa komunitas tersebut stabil. Nilai indeks dominansi jamur endofit akar pada lahan pertanian organik dan konvensional < 0,5 sebesar 0,044 dan 0,055 termasuk dalam kriteria rendah. Jamur endofit yang dominan terletak pada lahan pertanian organik dan lahan konvensional yaitu genus Fusarium sp. dan Cephalosporium sp.
English Abstract
Kale (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) is one of vegetables that widely cultivated by farmers commercially. Implementation of organic and conventional farming system could be affected components of ecosystem, the presence of fungi that associated with root plant (endophytic fungi). Organism diversity that decrease could be affected on ecosystem balance. This research aimed to know diversity of endophytic fungi on kale root (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) in organic and conventional farming system. The research was conducted from February to August 2013. Sampling kale root was organic and conventional field in Cemorokandang village Kedungkandang sub district Malang Region. The isolation endophytic fungi of kale root in Laboratory of Phytopathology part Mycology, Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University, Malang. The research was carried out by using exploration and compared between organic and conventional field. The result of identified and isolation showed that endophytic fungi on kale root from organic and conventional field were 45 and 41 isolates. Endophytic fungi from organic field consist of 12 genus with 33 species. Endophytic fungi namely Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., Cephalosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Cylindrocephalum sp., Fusarium sp., Helicosporium sp., Hyalodendron sp., Nigrospora sp., Torula sp., and unidentified fungi were found in organic field. Endophytic fungi from conventional field consist of 14 genus with 27 species. Endophytic fungi namely Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., Botryotrichum sp., Botrytis sp., Cephalosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Mastigosporium sp., Mycotypha sp., Nigrospora sp., Paecilomyces sp., Passalora sp., Trichoderma sp., and unidentified fungi were found in conventional field. Diversity index of endophytic fungi on kale root from organic and conventional field were grouped to high diversity (3,807 and 3,122). Uniformmity index of endophytic fungi from organic and conventional field were grouped to high uniformmity (1,089 and 0,947) showed that stability of community was good. Domination index of endophytic fungi from organic and conventional field were grouped to low domination (0,044 and 0,055). Fusarium sp. and Cephalosporium sp. were found in both of farming system.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2013/291/051311578 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Dec 2013 10:38 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 07:36 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129406 |
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