Marandita, Regy (2018) Tingkat Kekerabatan Individual Gajah Sumatera (Elephas Maximus Sumatranus) Di Taman Safari Indonesia Ii Berdasarkan Analisa Gen Displacement Loop Dna Mitokondria Melalui Metode Polymerase Chain Reaction. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Gajah Sumatera merupakan salah satu hewan endemik Indonesia yang populasinya semakin sedikit. Pengkajian keragaman genetik menggunakan DNA mitokondria (mtDNA) membantu dalam membedakan intra dan interspesies sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mendukung konservasi genetik dari gajah Sumatera. Fragmen bukan penyandi protein yang sering digunakan dalam mengkaji hubungan kekerabatan diantara spesies yaitu daerah D-loop (Displacement loop). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kekerabatan dan jarak genetik berdasarkan sekuen gen D-loop dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) pada Gajah Sumatera (Elephas maximus sumatranus) dan dibandingkan dengan database NCBI gen d-loop Gajah Afrika (Loxodonta africana). DNA didapatkan dari empat sampel wholeblood gajah Sumatera, 2 jantan dan 2 betina dari Taman Safari Indonesia II yang diisolasi menggunakan DeRiPROTM3-In-1 Extraction Kit. Primer yang digunakan dalam metode PCR adalah primer forward (D-LOOP_F) 5’-GCATTACATGCTCGTCCCCATAC-3’ dan reverse (D-LOOP_R) 5’-TGGTGGTTTCTCGGAGGTAG-3’. Sekuensing hasil PCR dilakukan dengan metode Sanger. Analisa sekuen gen menggunakan program NCBI BLAST dan Bioedit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gajah Sumatera Subaru memiliki ident sebesar 99% terhadap gen d-loop Gajah Asia (Elephas maximus), sedangkan gajah Sumatera Nebi memiliki ident sebesar 98%. Rekonstruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan software MEGA dengan metode Neighbor Joining 1000x bootstrap dan pairwise distance menunjukkan gajah Sumatera Subaru dan gajah Sumatera Nebi memiliki jarak genetik 0%. Kedua gajah Sumatera memiliki jarak genetik 1,4% dengan referensi gajah Asia dan 5% terhadap referensi gajah Afrika. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah gajah Sumatera Subaru dan gajah Sumatera Nebi memilki tingkat kemiripan genetik sebesar 100% berdasarkan gen D-loop yang menunjukkan keduanya berkerabat sangat dekat secara genetik.
English Abstract
Sumatran elephant is one of the endemic animals in Indonesia which having a decreased population. Assessing genetic diversity using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) helps in differentiation intraspecies and interspecies hence can be used to support the genetic conservation of Sumatran elephants. A Non-coding fragment of the protein that is often used in assessing genetic relationships among species is D-loop (Displacement loop) area. The aim of this study was to find out the genetic relationship and genetic distance based on the sequence of D-loop genes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method on Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) compared to NCBI database of African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) d-loop gene. The DNA was isolated from four whole blood samples of Sumatran elephant in Taman Safari Indonesia II Prigen using DeRiPROTM3-In-1 Extraction Kit. The primer used in the PCR method is (D-LOOP_F) 5'-GCATTACATGCTCGTCCCCATAC-3’ and (D-LOOP_R) 5'-TGGTGGTTTCTCGGAGGTAG-3'. The sequencing of PCR results was done by Sanger method. The analysis of gene sequence was done by using Bioedit and NCBI BLAST. The result of this study shows that sample of Sumatran elephant named Subaru has ident of 99% towards Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) d-loop gene, while the sample of Sumatran elephant named Nebi has ident of 98%. The phylogenetic tree which constructed using MEGA software with neighbor-joining method bootstrap 1000x and pairwise distance show that Sumatran elephant Subaru and Nebi have 0% genetic distance. Both samples have a genetic distance of 1,4% with Asian elephant reference and 5% with African elephant reference. The conclusion of this study is Sumatran elephant sample named Subaru and Nebi have a genetic similarity of 100% based on D-loop gene sequence which then shows that both of them are very closely related genetically.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FKH/2018/11/051800978 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Gajah Sumatera, mtDNA, D-loop, PCR - mtDNA, D-loop, Sumatran Elephant, PCR |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 599 Mammalia (Mammals) > 599.6 Ungulates > 599.67 Proboscidea (Elephants) > 599.676 Elephas |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan > Kedokteran Hewan |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Oct 2018 06:39 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 04:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/12756 |
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