Prastyo, Wahyu Eko (2018) Eksplorasi Pgpr Dari Rizosfer Tumbuhan Famili Cyperaceae Di Ub Forest Serta Potensinya Sebagai Agens Antagonis Terhadap Xanthomonas Oryzae Pv. Oryzae. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman penghasil bahan makanan pokok bagi penduduk di Indonesia. Penyebab menurunnya produktivitas padi yaitu serangan penyakit penting hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Pengendalian HDB dengan memanfaatkan varietas tahan dan bakterisida berbahan kimia masih kurang efektif. Pemanfaatan agens hayati merupakan solusi alternatif. Mikroorganisme banyak ditemukan pada lingkungan yang masih alami seperti hutan UB Forest. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji keberadaan bakteri PGPR dari tumbuhan Famili Cyperaceae yaitu Cyperus iria dan Cyperus difformis di UB Forest serta potensinya sebagai agens antagonis terhadap Xoo. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan dan green house Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang mulai Februari - Agustus 2018. Rangkaian penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel dan isolasi bakteri rizosfer, seleksi bakteri rizosfer sebagai PGPR (penambat nitrogen dan pelarut fosfat) dan agens antagonis terhadap Xoo, uji penghambatan terhadap Xoo secara in vitro, identifikasi bakteri hasil seleksi, dan uji penekanan terhadap Xoo pada tanaman padi IR-64 secara in vivo. Pengujian menggunakan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Pada hasil eksplorasi diperoleh 41 isolat bakteri rizosfer. Diantaranya diperoleh 5 isolat bakteri hasil seleksi sebagai PGPR dan agens antagonis terhadap Xoo. Pada pengujian in vitro, semua isolat bakteri menghasilkan zona hambat. Zona hambat terbesar dihasilkan oleh isolat bakteri kode A6. Sedangkan untuk hasil uji in vivo, semua bakteri dapat menekan penyakit HDB dengan persentase yang berbeda-beda. Isolat bakteri kode A6, A7, A9, dan B8 dapat menekan HDB dengan persentase intensitas penyakit terkecil dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Aplikasi bakteri hasil seleksi berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan panjang akar tanaman padi. Perlakuan dengan isolat bakteri PGPR kode A9 dan B8 dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman padi dengan baik. Hasil karakterisasi dan identifikasi dari 5 isolat bakteri PGPR diketahui bahwa isolat bakteri kode A5 dan A7 termasuk pada genus Pantoea sp., isolat bakteri kode A6 termasuk genus Xanthomonas sp., dan isolat bakteri kode A9 dan B8 termasuk genus Pseudomonas sp.
English Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food producer for the population in Indonesia. The cause of the decrease in rice productivity is the attack of important diseases of bacterial leaf blight caused by patogenic bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Bacterial leaf blight control by utilizing resistant and bactericidal varieties made from chemicals is still less effective. Utilization of biological agents is an alternative solution. Microorganisms are found in natural environments such as the UB Forest. The purpose of this research is to examine the presence of PGPR bacteria from plants Cyperaceae famili, Cyperus iria and Cyperus difformis at UB Forest and its potential as an antagonist agent against Xoo. The research was conducted at the Plant Disease Laboratory and green house, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, Malang, from February to August 2018. The research consisted of several stages: sampling and isolation of rhizospheric bacteria, selection of rhizospheric bacteria as PGPR (nitrogen fixing and phosphate solvents) and antagonist agent against Xoo, in vitro antagonistic test of bacteria against Xoo, identification of bacterial selection results, and suppression test bacterial leaf blight in rice variety IR-64 in an in vivo condition. Both of the test use 7 treatments and 4 replications. The results of the exploration obtained 41 rhizospheric bacteria isolates. Among of them were obtained 5 bacterial isolates selected as PGPR and antagonistic agents against Xoo. In vitro testing, all bacterial isolates produced inhibitory zones. The biggest inhibitory zone is produced by bacterial code A6 isolate. As for the results of the in vivo test, all bacteria can suppress bacterial leaf blight with different percentages. Bacterial code A6, A7, A9, and B8 isolate can suppress bacterial leaf blight with the smallest percentage of disease intensity compared to control treatments. Application of bacterial selection results affect the length of the plant, the number of leaves, and the length of the roots of rice plants. Treatment with PGPR bacterial code A9 and B8 isolates can increase the growth of rice plants well. The results of the characterization and identification of 5 PGPR bacterial isolates found that the bacterial isolates code A5 and A7 included in the genus Pantoea sp., bacterial isolate code A6 included the genus Xanthomonas sp., and bacterial isolates code A9 and B8 including the genus Pseudomonas sp.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/756/051810435 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Padi, Hawar Daun Bakteri (HDB), Xanthomonas oryzae pv, Cyperus iria, Cyperus difformis |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.9 General topics of pest and disease control > 632.95 Pesticides |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Oct 2018 02:06 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 09:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/12734 |
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