Septiyanto, Achmad Eka (2018) Keanekaragaman Jamur Filosfer Pada Tanaman Padi Dampak Penerapan Pht Skala Luas Serta Potensi Antagonisnya Terhadap Xanthomonas Oryzae. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Hawar daun bakteri (HDB) merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman padi. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Perkembangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor sehingga penerapan pengendalian secara tunggal tidak dapat mengatasi permasalahan. Pengendalian penyakit HDB dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT). PHT merupakan pendekatan secara ekologis dalam pengelolaan organism pengganggu tanaman (OPT) dengan memadukan beberapa metode pengendalian yang kompatibel. Data mengenai kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman jamur filosfer tanaman padi yang menerapkan PHT skala luas khususnya di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman jamur filosfer tanaman padi perbandingan antara lahan PHT dan konvensional serta potensi antagonisnya untuk mengendalikan penyakit HDB. Pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan di Desa brangsi, Kecamatan Laren, Kabupaten Lamongan dan penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang mulai bulan Novemebr 2016 sampai Januari 2017. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 6 tahap yaitu: (1) penelusuran budidaya tanaman padi yang menerapkan PHT dan konvensional (2) eksplorasi jamur filosfer pada lahan pertanaman padi (3) perbanyakan bakteri patogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (4) seleksi jamur filosfer yang bersifat antagonis terhadap patogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (5) pengujian antagonis bakteri filosfer terhadap patogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (6) karakterisasi dan identifikasi pada jamur filosfer yang bersifat antagonis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan jamur filosfer pada lahan PHT sebesar 18,4x105 cfu/g berat kering daun, sedangkan pada lahan konvensional nilai kelimpahan jamur sebesar 4,3x105 cfu/g. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa kelimpahan jamur filosfer pada lahan PHT lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada lahan konvensional. Indeks keragaman jamur filosfer pada lahan PHT sebesar 1,65, sedangkan indeks keanekaragaman pada lahan konvensional nilai sebesar 1,72. Kategori keanekaragaman pada indeks Shannon-Wiener menyatakan apabila nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) kurang dari 2,3026 menunjukkan keanekaragaman yang rendah. Hasil seleksi dan identifikasi 5 jamur filosfer yang bersifat antagonis diketahui yaitu Penicilium sp., Trichoderma sp dan Fusarium sp., jamur yang memiliki kemampuan penghambat terbaik yaitu Penicilium sp..
English Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight (HDB) is the main disease in rice plant. The disease is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv bacteria. oryzae. Bacterial leaf blight disease progression is affected by many factors so that the application of the controlling singly cannot resolve the problem. HDB disease control can be done by implementing an integrated pest control (PHT). PHT is ecologically approach in the management of crop pest organism (OPT) and combine several control methods are compatible. Data about the abundance and diversity of rice plant filosfer fungi that implements the PHT wide scale particularly in Indonesia is still very limited. This research aims to know the abundance and diversity of rice plant filosfer fungus comparison between conventional and IPM of land as well as the potential antagonists for controlling diseases of the HDB. The research was carried out in the village of brangsi, district Laren, Lamongan and plant disease Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and diseases, Faculty of agriculture, University of Brawijaya Malang starts from November 2016 to January 2017. Research conducted in six stages, namely: (1) rice cultivation search applying conventional and IPM (2) exploration of the fungus filosfer on land pertanaman of rice (3) duplication of bacterial pathogen bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (4) selection of mushrooms filosfer that is antagonistic towards pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (5) testing the antagonistic bacteria against pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas filosfer oryzae pv. oryzae (6) characterization and identification on filosfer fungi that are antagonistic. The results showed an abundance of the fungus filosfer on land of 18 PHT, 4x105 cfu/g dry weight of leaves, while on land the conventional value of the abundance of the fungus by 4, 3x105 cfu/g. Based on those results can be known that an abundance of mushrooms filosfer on land the PHT higher than on conventional land. Fungal diversity index of filosfer in the land of PHT 1.65, while the index of diversity on conventional land value of 1.72. Shannon's diversity index category-Wiener diversity index value when expressed (H ') is less than the low diversity shows 2.3026. The results of the selection and identification of yeast filosfer 5 which is a known antagonist i.e. Penicilium sp., Trichoderma sp and Fusarium SP., fungi have the ability the best barrier i.e. Penicilium sp..
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/618/051809849 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.4 Fungus diseases |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Oct 2018 07:21 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 10:42 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/12678 |
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